初中英语课外辅导:英语自学并不难 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/06/18 08:59 英语辅导报 |
--初二册第21-22单元重点词语用法解析 "自学英语并不难,勤查字典勤操练。英语活动多参与,报刊杂志多翻翻。继续努力别气馁,总有获胜的一天。"亲爱的同学们,这期的词汇加油站我们不仅要学习第21-22单元重点词汇的用法,而且还要鼓励大家去尝试自学英语。 I. teach oneself teach oneself...相当于learn...by oneself, 是"自学"的意思。例如: There are many young people teaching themselves English.现在有很多年轻人在自学英语。 注意teach的用法: 1. 跟名词或者代词作宾语,可以用teach sb. sth.或teach sth.to sb.这两种结构。 注意:"他教我们英语。"只能说成: He teaches us English. 不能说成: He teaches our English. 2. "教……做某事",英语用: teach sb. to do sth.。例如: Who taught you to ride a bike?是谁教你骑自行车的? 3. teach 后面跟宾语从句时,意思是"教导"。例如: The teacher teaches that we should help and look after each other.老师教导我们说,我们应当互相帮助,互相爱护。 4.teach 不跟宾语时,意思是"任教,教书"。例如: He teaches in a small village. 他在一个小村庄教书。 II. find out find out主要表示两个意思: 1. "打听,弄清楚"。当这个意思讲时,后面可以跟名词、代词、宾语从句、不定式短语或about短语。例如: We must find out the truth of the matter.我们必须弄清楚这件事的真相。 He hurried off to find out what the problem was.他匆匆地离开了, 去查查出什么问题了。 I need to find more out about the night school. 我必须得进一步打听关于这个夜校的情况。 2. "发现(某人正在做坏事或不诚实的事情)"。此时,后面可以跟名词、that引导的宾语从句,也可不跟宾语。例如: She's sure to find out tonight.她决心在今晚有所发现(弄清事情的真相)。 I've found you out at last, you cheat! 我终于把你看清楚了,你这个骗子! 注意: 1. 表示"某人在寻找某物而没有找到时或碰巧看到了某物",多使用find,这种情况可以翻译成"找到或发现"。例如: I can't find my keys.我找不到钥匙了。 The boy found a purse on the road, picked it up and handed it to the policeman.男孩在路上看到一个钱包,捡起来交给了警察。 2. 表示"某人对某物持有某种观点或感觉时",多使用find,这时可以翻译成"认为",其结构为:find+宾语+形容词。例如: I find English very interesting.我发现英语很有趣。 III. look up look up有两个意思: 1. "向上看"。例如: Look up and you will see a plane in the sky.向上看你就会看到天上有一架飞机。 2. "查阅(词典或参考书等)"。例如: I looked up the word in my dictionary.我在词典中查阅这个词(的意思)。 IV. win win表示"获胜,赢"、"获得,赢得",作为及物动词,它的宾语是"比赛、奖赏、名声等",而不能是"对手";作为不及物动词,其后不接宾语。例如: Who won the match? 谁赢了这场比赛? She won a lot of gold medals.她获得了许多金牌。 We just won by five points.我们以5分的优势获胜。 但是win用于win over结构时,表示"把……争取过来",宾语可以是人。例如: How can we win him over?我们怎样才能把他争取过来呢? 注意与beat的区别:beat意思是"打败",宾语是"对手",而不是"比赛"。例如: We beat the team by ten points.我们赢了这个队十分。 V. take part in take part in 是"参加"的意思。如果说"积极参加",就要用"take an active part in"。例如: I took an active part in the English corner at college.我在读大学的时候,积极参加英语角活动。 注意:表示"参加"的词语很多,比如还有join in, join。它们之间的区别是: take(an active)part in(=join in)的宾语多是表示"活动"的词语,join的宾语多是人或表示"某组织"的词语。例如: Can I join you in playing the game?我可以与你们一起做游戏吗? His father joined the army 34 years ago.他的父亲在34年前就参军了。 VI. go on go on 表示如下意思: 1. "继续"。当这个意思讲的时候需要掌握这三个搭配:go on doing sth., go on with sth., go on to do sth.。 ① go on doing sth.和go on with sth.都是是表示不停地做同一件事,可互换。例如: Go on doing your homework till I come back./Go on with your homework till I come back.继续做作业,一直做到我回来。 ② Go on to(do) sth.表示一件事情结束了,又接着做另一件事情。例如: Time is short, so let's go on to the next subject. 时间不多了,我们进入下一个主题吧。 2. "发生"。相当于happen。例如: What's going on there? 那儿出什么事啦? 3. "(向前)进行"。例如: You go on, and I'll catch you up in a few minutes.你先走,我两三分钟就赶来。 4. "(时间)过去,流逝"。例如: As the days went on, it grew colder. 日子一天天过去,天气就愈来愈冷。 Exercises: 1. After he finished reading, he _________ some cleaning. a. went on with b. went on doing c. went on to do d. went on to doing 2. She always _________ the debates(辩论赛)at college. a. took in b. join c. took active part in d. took an active part in 3. He never _________ the football game, but he liked playing it very much. a. won over b. won c. beat d. beating 4. I'll go and _________ when the train arrives. a. look at b. look for c. find out d. look after 5.Mr.Wang taught ______ Japanese last term. a. her b. himself c. themselves d. his 参考答案:1-5 cdbcb (文/易荣楣 陈书元;英语通初二版2004年第4期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |
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