Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　Example:You will hear:

　　You will read:

　　A) 2 hours B) 3 hours

　　C) 4 hours D) 5 hours

　　From the conversation,we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o'clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)"5 hours" is the correct answer.You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.

　　Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]

　　1. A) Tom is very responsible.

　　B) Tom's words aren't reliable.

　　C) What Tom said is true.

　　D) Tom is not humorous at all.

　　2. A) How to use a camera.

　　B) How to use a washer.

　　C) How to use a keyboard.

　　D) How to use a tape recorder.

　　3. A) They should put the meeting to an end.

　　B) They should hold another meeting to discuss the matter.

　　C) She would like to discuss another item.

　　D) She wants to discuss the issue again later.

　　4. A) He believes the Browns have done a sensible thing.

　　B) He doesn't think the Browns should move to another place.

　　C) He doesn't think the Browns' investment is a wise move.

　　D) He believes it is better for the Browns to invest later.

　　5. A) He may convert it and use it as a restaurant.

　　B) He may pull it down and build a new restaurant.

　　C) He may rent it out for use as a restaurant.

　　D) He may sell it to the owner of a restau rant.

　　6. A) She doesn't like the way the professor lectures.

　　B) She's having a hard time following the professor's lectures.

　　C) She is not interested in the course.

　　D) She's having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments.

　　7. A) He never keeps his promises.

　　B) He is crazy about parties.

　　C) He has changed his mind.

　　D) He is not sociable.

　　8. A) Put her report on his desk.

　　B) Read some papers he recommended.

　　C) Improve some parts of her paper.

　　D) Mail her report to the publish.

　　9. A) Most people killed in traffic accidents are heavy drinkers.

　　B) She does not agree with the man.

　　C) Drunk drivers are not guilty.

　　D) People should pay more attention to the danger of drunk driving.

　　10. A) She takes it as a kind of exercise.

　　B) She wants to save some money.

　　C) She loves doing anything that is new.

　　D) Her office isn't very far.

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　11. A) Man can use nearly 75 per cent of it.

　　B) Man can use about 97 per cent of it.

　　C) Man can use exactly 3 per cent of it.

　　D) Man can use less than 3 per cent of it.

　　12. A) We can invent ways of increasing rainfall.

　　B) We can develop ways of reusing water and utilizing sea-water.

　　C) We can cut down our consumption of water.

　　D) We can reduce the number of factories producing steel.

　　13. A) By filtering sea-water.

　　B) By treating sea-water with chemicals.

　　C) By taking salt out of sea-water.

　　D) By drying up sea-water.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　14. A) To predict natural disasters that can cause vast destruction.

　　B) To limit the destruction that natural disasters may cause.

　　C) To gain financial support from the United Nations.

　　D) To propose measures to hold back natural disasters.

　　15.A) There is still a long way to go beforeman can control natural disasters.

　　B) International cooperation can minimize the destructive force of natural disasters.

　　C) Technology can help reduce the damage natural disasters may cause.

　　D) Scientists can successfully predict earthquakes.

　　16. A) There were fatal mistakes in its design.

　　B) The builder didn't observe the building codes of the time.

　　C) The traffic load went beyond its capacity.

　　D) It was built according to less strict earthquake-resistance standards.

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　17. A) To look for a different lifestyle.

　　B) To enjoy themselves.

　　C) For adventure.

　　D) For education.

　　18. A) There are 200 vehicles for every kilometer of roadway.

　　B) It has a dense population.

　　C) There are many museums and palaces.

　　D) It has many towering buildings.

　　19.A) It is a city of contrasts.

　　B) It possesses many historic sites.

　　C) It is an important industrial center.

　　D) It has many big and beautiful parks.

　　20. A) It helps develop our personalities.

　　B) It enables us to acquir first-hand knowledge.

　　C) It makes our life more interesting.

　　D) It brings about changes in our lifestyle.

　　Part II Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)

　　Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

　　The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman's life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and can be expected to live another thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by household appliances and convenience foods.

　　This important changes in women's life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.

　　21. It's probably true now that women .

　　A) marry men younger than themselves

　　B) don't do housework

　　C) don't want to give birth to children

　　D) provide the money to the family in the same way as the husband

　　22. For women in the twentieth century, the amount of time spent caring for children________.

　　A) was shorter than in previous centuries

　　B) was longer than in previous centuries

　　C) was considered to be surprisingly long

　　D) accounted for a great part of their lives

　　23. We are told that, in an average family about 1900________.

　　A) many children died before they were five

　　B) seven or eight children lived to be more than five

　　C) the youngest child would be fifteen

　　D) four or five children died when they were five

　　24. When she was over fifty, the late nineteenth century mother________.

　　A) was unlikely to find a job even if she wanted one

　　B) would not expect to work

　　C) was very healthy and beautiful

　　D) was considered to have a rest at home

　　25. One reason why the woman of today may take a job is that she________.

　　A) is younger when her children are still young

　　B) does not like caring for children

　　C) need not worry about food for her children

　　D) is younger when her children are old enough to look after themselves

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

　　The most interesting architectural phenomenon of the 1970's was the enthusiasm for refurbishing older buildings. Obviously, this was not an entirely new phenomenon. What is new is the wholesale interest in reusing the past, in recycling, in adaptive rehabilitation. A few trial efforts, such as Ghirardelli Square in San Francisco, proved their financial viability in the 1960's, but it was in the 1970's, with strong government support through tax incentives and rapid depreciation, as well as growing interest in ecology issues, that recycling became a major factor on the urban scene.

　　One of the most comprehensive ventures was the restoration and transformation of Boston's eighteenth century Faneuil Hall and the Quincy Market, designed in 1824. This section had fallen on hard times, but beginning with the construction of a new city hall immediately adjacent, it has returned to life with the intelligent reuse of these fine old buildings under the design leadership of Benjamin Thompson. He has provided a marvelous setting for dining, shopping, professional offices, and simply walking.

　　Butler Square, in Minneapolis, exemplifies major changes in its complex of offices, commercial space, and public amenities carved out of a massive pile designed in 1906 as a hardware warehouse. The exciting interior timber structure of the building was highlighted by cutting light courts through the interior and adding large skylights.

　　San Antonio, Texas, offers an object lesson for numerous other cities combating urban decay. Rather than bringing in the bulldozers, San Antonio's leaders rehabilitated existing structures while simultaneously cleaning up the San Antonio River, which meanders through the business district.

　　26. What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A) During the 1970's, old buildings in many cities were recycled for modern use.

　　B) Recent interest in ecology issues has led to the cleaning up of many rivers.

　　C) The San Antonio example shows that bulldozers are not the way to fight urban decay.

　　D) Strong government support had made adaptive rehabilitation a reality in Boston.

　　27. What is the space at Quincy Market now used for?

　　A) Boston's new city hall.

　　B) Sports and recreational facilities.

　　C) Commercial and industrial warehouses.

　　D) Restaurants, offices, and stores.

　　28. According to the passage, Benjamin Thompson was the designer for a project in________.

　　A) San Francisco B) Boston

　　C) Minneapolis D) San Antonio

　　29. In which of the following ways does the passage state that the San Antonio project differed from those in Boston and Minneapolis?

　　A) It considered primarily of new construction.

　　B) It occurred in the business district.

　　C) It involved the environment as well as buildings.

　　D) It was designed to combat urban decay.

　　30. What is the author's opinion of the San Antonio project?

　　A) It is clearly the best of the projects discussed.

　　B) It is a good project that could be copied in other cities.

　　C) The extensive use of bulldozers made the project unnecessarily costly.

　　D) The work done on the river was more important than the work done on the buildings.

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

　　A Reader's Digest investigation covering 20 countries on four continents has revealed that millions of children are being lured into nicotine addiction by American cigarette makers. In several nations, US tobacco companies have been fighting legislation that curtails cigarette use by minors and are cleverly violating the spirit of curbs on advertising. Their activities clearly show a cynical disregard for public health.

　　But the most shocking finding is that children are being seduced into smoking in the name of America itself. In some countries, tobacco companies never would have gained a foothold (立脚处) without the help of a powerful ally: the US government.

　　Although domestic sales have dropped for eight straight years, and by the year 2000 only one in seven Americans will likely smoke, sales elsewhere have more than tripled since 1985. Smoking rates in the Third World are climbing more than two percent a year. Most alarming is the rise in youth smoking. In the Philippines, 22.7 percent of people under 18 now smoke. In some South American cities, the teen-age rate is an astonishing 50 percent. In Hong Kong, children as young as seven are smoking.

　　Why are the young so important? Because millions of adult smokers either kick their habit or die each year, the cigarette industry depends on attracting new customers. Most smokers begin between ages 12 and 16: if a young person has not begun by 18, he or she is unlikely ever to smoke.

　　Smoking is one of the leading causes of premature death, linked to cancers as well as to heart disease. Or that, according to the World Health Organization, tobacco will prematurely kill 200 million who are now children and eventually wipe out ten percent of the world's population. This grim prospect is due in no small part to the spectacular US invasion of overseas markets.

　　31. The phrase "in the name of America" (Para.2) may be replaced by .

　　A) "in honor of America"

　　B) "to boost the image of America"

　　C) "with the support of America"

　　D) "to take advantage of America"

　　32. The phrase "kick their habit" (Para.4) probably means .

　　A) "change their habit"

　　B) "moderate their habit"

　　C) "get rid of their habit"

　　D) "persist in their habit"

　　33. What is implied in the passage about smoking and tobacco industry?

　　A) Tobacco companies abide by the law of the local authorities.

　　B) The American tobacco industry is spreading abroad.

　　C) Smoking rates in the Third World are as high as those in America.

　　D) Youth smoking is rampant because there is no legislation.

　　34. Which region has the highest rate in terms of teen-age smoking as is indicated in the passage?

　　A) America. B) South America.

　　C) Hong Kong. D) Philippine.

　　35. The writer is critical not only of tobacco industry, but also of .

　　A) the youth's parents

　　B) local government

　　C) legislation procedure

　　D) the US government

　　Passage Four

　　Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

　　Tornadoes, whirlwinds, and waterspouts are rotating funnel cloud air masses of small diameter. They are differentiated by the intensity of their rotation and by the surfaces that they traverse. Though tornadoes and whirlwinds both travel over land masses, whirlwinds are atmospheric systems smaller than tornadoes. Waterspouts are tornadoes that form or pass over a water surface. A tornado is a powerful vortex or "twister" whose rotational speeds are estimated to be near 300 miles per hour. The first visible indication of tornado development is usually a funnel cloud. As this funnel dips earthward, it becomes darker because of the debris that is forced into its intensifying vortex. Some tornadoes give no visible warning until their destruction strikes the unsuspecting victim.

　　Tornadoes often, occur in groups, and several twisters sometimes descend from the same cloud base. The forward speed of a tornado is normally 30 to 40 miles per hour. In the short time that it takes to pass, a tornado can cause fantastic destruction. There have been cases reported in which blades of straw were embedded in fence posts.

　　36. How are tornadoes distinguished from whirlwinds?

　　A) Only tornadoes are funnel-shaped.

　　B) Whirlwinds rotate in a different direction from tornadoes do.

　　C) Tornadoes travel over land and whirlwinds over water.

　　D) Tornadoes are larger than whirlwinds.

　　37. Why do tornadoes appear to be dark?

　　A) They occur only at night.

　　B) They are funnel-shaped.

　　C) They pick up debris from the ground.

　　D) They are water-laden.

　　38. According to the passage, some tornadoes take people unawares because they .

　　A) produce a sound similar to thunder

　　B) cannot be seen until it is too late

　　C) look so much like other clouds

　　D) carry so many large pieces of debris

　　39. Relative to its rotational speed, the forward speed of a tornado is .

　　A) quite a bit slower

　　B) about the same

　　C) 30 to 40 times faster

　　D) a fraction of its height

　　40. The author refers to straw embedded in fence posts in order to show .

　　A) where tornadoes occur

　　B) who makes reports about tornadoes

　　C) when tornadoes take form

　　D) how tornadoes affect physical objects

　　Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)

　　Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　41. Your job is not to make decisions but to ________the decisions we make.

　　A) complete B) accomplish

　　C) implement D) supplement

　　42. As the population of the world increases, and human needs expand, we must take care not to________all of our natural resources at once.

　　A) furnish B) maximize

　　C) minimize D) exhaust

　　43. He received a________wound soon after the battle began, and died two days later in a hospital.

　　A) mortal B) moral

　　C) slight D) decent

　　44. There's a whole________of bills waiting to be paid.

　　A) stock B) stack

　　C) number D) sequence

　　45. Woodrow Wilson________to preserve world peace by supporting the establishment of an organization to settle international disputes.

　　A) succeeded B) endeavoured

　　C) engaged D) enforced

　　46. It is________in the Act that no pension can be paid to anyone under the age of sixty unless he is disabled.

　　A) laid off B) laid aside

　　C) laid down D) laid out

　　47. Experts believe that children at the age of two or three are able to learn any language if they are________it.

　　A) indulged in B) involved in

　　C) exposed to D) disposed to

　　48. When several people apply for the same job, ________is usually given to whoever has better qualifications.

　　A) superiority B) inferiority

　　C) priority D) minority

　　49. Several emergency measures were taken to________the financial pressure on the government.

　　A) eliminate B) alleviate

　　C) reverse D) upgrade

　　50. His capacities________food and hard work were enormous.

　　A) of B) for C) in D) with

　　51. They were paying for their house________of $2,000 a month for three years.

　　A) in turn B) by appointment

　　C) by installation D) in installments

　　52. She________all criticism and calmly went on with the project.

　　A) smashed up B) ticked off

　　C) foul up D) shrugged off

　　53. His plans are very________; he wants to master French, German, and Spanish before he is eighteen.

　　A) brilliant B) applicable

　　C) ambitious D) adjustable

　　54. The three-storey department building was________by the newly constructed ten-storey office building on its side.

　　A) sneered B) belittled

　　C) snuffed D) dwarfed

　　55. The famous football star was________with the murder of his ex-wife and her boy friend.

　　A) convicted B) charged

　　C) blamed D) accused

　　56. Young people's social environment has a________effect on their academic progress.

　　A) gross B) solid

　　C) complete D) profound

　　57. In manufacturing, cheaper materials are constantly being________for the better and more expensive kinds.

　　A) replaced B) transformed

　　C) displaced D) substituted

　　58. In the________between performances, the famous actress toured Europe.

　　A) insertion B) interaction

　　C) interim D) intervention

　　59. Recently a number of cases have been reported of young children________a violent act previously seen on television.

　　A) modifying B) accelerating

　　C) stimulating D) duplicating

　　60. Any electric products sold in this famous department store will be________for one year.

　　A) guaranteed B) ensured

　　C) protected D) assured

　　61. Non-smokers who must________inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoker may suffer more than the smoker themselves.

　　A) involuntarily B) instinctively

　　C) spontaneously D) reluctantly

　　62. Information gathered by sensors is________to the control center's computer.

　　A) splitted B) transmitted

　　C) radiated D) transferred

　　63. Nobody________when I complained about the food, so nothing was done about it.

　　A) turned to me B) relied on me

　　C) backed me up D) held me up

　　64. Many people take________radios to the beach with them.

　　A) liable B) purchasable

　　C) comfortable D) portable

　　65. The drugs must________in every way to the standards set up by the government.

　　A) correspond B) confine

　　C) conform D) comply

　　66. He clearly had no________of doing any work, although it was only a week till the exam.

　　A) desire B) ambition

　　C) willingness D) intention

　　67. Although we had told them not to keep us waiting, they made no________to speed up the deliveries.

　　A) trial B) attempt

　　C) action D) progress

　　68. Linda will probably________a good sum of money when her father dies because she doesn't have any brothers.

　　A) run away with B) go for

　　C) get on with D) come in for

　　69. The red spots first appeared on the forearm and then extended________to the shoulder.

　　A) on the way B) all along

　　C) in every way D) all the way

　　70. We should not be made to________the basic principle, namely, the need and desire of the adolescent to engage responsibility in the real pursuit of life and then to learn through responsibility.

　　A) lose sight of B) lose track of

　　C) become blind ofD) give way to

　　Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)

　　Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Make out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark(∧) in the correct place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and be sure to put a slash (/) in the blank.

　　When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world it has two things in common with any infant, provided

　　71.

　　neither of them have been damaged in any way either before or

　　72.

　　during birth. Firstly, and most obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful capacity to pay

　　73.

　　attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within minutes of

　　74.

　　birth and run with herd within a few hours. Although young animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even

　　75.

　　months after birth, compared with the human infant they very quickly gain the capacity to fend for them.

　　76.

　　It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent on the others

　　77.

　　that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all other undamaged human infants: a capacity to learn language. For this reason, biologists now suggest that language be

　　78.

　　"species specific" to the human race, that is to

　　say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in

　　79.

　　such way that it can acquire language.

　　80.

　　This suggestion implies that just as human beings are designed to set three dimensionally and in colour, and just as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal developments as well-formed human beings.

　　Part V Writing (30 minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic "Problems Caused by the Shifting Population". You should write at least 120 words and your composition should include the following points (given in English).

　　1. Define the term "the shifting population".

　　2. Summarize the problems caused by the shifting population.

　　3. Draw a conclusion.

　　听力录音原文及参考答案

　　[听力录音原文]

　　Part I Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　1. W:I thought Tom said he got As in all his tests.

　　M: Mary, you should know better than to take Tom's words too seriously.

　　Q: What does the man imply?

　　2. W: Can you show me how to use this, John?

　　M: It's fully automatic. All you have to do is focused on the scene and press the button here.

　　Q: What are they talking about?

　　3. M: I think we should move on to the next item.

　　W: Ok, but I'd like to take this matter up again at the end of the meeting.

　　Q: What does the woman imply?

　　4. W: You know, the Browns have invested all their money in stocks.

　　M: They may think that's a wise move but that's the last thing I'd do.

　　Q: What's the man's opinion about the Browns' investment?

　　5. M: What is Mr. Peterson going to do with his old house on London Road? Rent it or sell it?

　　W: I heard he's thinking of turning it into a restaurant, which isn't a bad idea, because it's still a solid building.

　　Q: What will Mr. Peterson do with his old house?

　　6. M: How do you like Professor Bachman's course on the History of Philosophy? He's a distinguished scholar on that subject.

　　W: He is a great teacher. But I'm having a hard time with the reading list. I feel I can't ever finish it.

　　Q: What problem does the woman have with the course?

　　7. W: Robert wants to know if he can go with us to the party.

　　M: That's odd, this morning he said he wanted to go by himself.

　　Q: What do we learn about Robert?

　　8. W: Have you finished reading my research report? I put it on your desk last week.

　　M: Yes. But you have to revise some parts of it, I'm afraid, if you want to get it published.

　　Q: What does the man suggest that the woman should do?

　　9. M: I think it is high time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving now.

　　W: I can't agree with you more. You see, countless innocent people are killed by drunk driving each year.

　　Q: What does the woman mean?

　　10. M: Hi, Susan. I hear that you walk all the way to the office these days.

　　W: Yes, that's true because I have found great pleasure in walking. That's the type of exercise I enjoy very much.

　　Q: Why does the woman walk all the way to the office?

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　Passage One

　　The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earth's surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%-the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs and glaciers. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.

　　Our need for water is increasing rapidly. Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on. One useful step we should take is to develop ways of reusing it.

　　Today, in most large cities water is used only once. But it is possible to pipe water that has been used to a purifying plant. There it can be filtered and treated with chemicals so that it can be used again just as if it were fresh from a spring.

　　But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All we'd have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is-remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world. So if we take all these steps, we'll be in no danger of drying up!

　　Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　11. What percentage of the earth's water can man actually use?

　　12. How can we avoid a worldwide water shortage in the future?

　　13. How can sea-water be turned into fresh water?

　　Passage Two

　　The Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction is a program designed to reduce the impact of natural disasters throughout the world. With support from the United Nations, countries will be encouraged to share information about disaster reduction, for instance, information about how to plan for and cope with hurricanes, earthquakes and other natural disasters. One of the most important things the program plans to do is to remind us of what we can do to protect ourselves. For example, we can pack a suitcase with flashlights, a radio, food, drinking water and some tools. This safety kit may help us survive a disaster until help arrives. Besides, the program will encourage governments to establish building standards, emergency response plans and training programs. These measures can help to limit destruction by natural disasters. The comparatively mild effects of the northern California earthquake in 1989, are good evidence that we do have the technology to prevent vast destruction. The recent disasters, on the other hand, prove that people will suffer if we don't use that technology. When a highway collapsed in northern California, people were killed in their cars. The highway was not built according to today's strict standards to resist earthquakes. Individuals and governments have to be far-sighted. We should take extra time and spend extra money to build disaster safety into our lives. Although such a program can't hold back the winds or stop earthquakes, they can save people's lives and homes.

　　Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　14. What is the purpose of the program mentioned in this passage?

　　15. What can we learn from the northern California earthquake in 1989?

　　16. Why did the highway in northern California collapse?

　　Passage Three

　　People enjoy taking trips, but what are the reasons they leave home? One reason is for education. People travel because they want to broaden their horizons to learn about other people and other places. They are curious about other cultures. When people are tourists, they get a quick look at different ways of living. Even a short look at another kind of lifestyle is an important lesson.

　　On a trip, a person can learn directly─by visiting museums and historic spots. What does a tourist learn who sees the art museums, visits the historic palaces and other scenic spots in Paris, and shops along the River Seine? He gets a vivid picture─a real-life one─of the French people. He learns about their attitudes, how they feel about business, beauty and history.

　　What about the tourist who goes to Hong Kong? Does he get the same information that he could get from a book? He might read that Hong Kong is crowded, that there is less than 200 square meters of space for each person, but seeing and feeling the lack of space will impress him much more. He might read that there are nearly 200 vehicles for every kilometer of roadway, but the sight of so many vehicles parked along the roadside will be a much more vivid lesson. The tourist to Hong Kong will never forget the contrasts -the straight vertical lines of the tall modern buildings and the moving lines of boats that people live in.

　　Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　17. Why do people leave home to travel according to the passage?

　　18. What do we learn from the passage about Paris?

　　19. What impression will a tourist get of Hong Kong?

　　20. What does the passage tell us about traveling?

　　〔参考答案〕

　　Part I Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　1. B) 2. A) 3. D) 4. C) 5. A) 6. D) 7. C) 8. C) 9. D) 10. A)

　　Section B

　　11. D) 12. B) 13. C) 14. B) 15. C) 16. D) 17. D) 18. C) 19. A) 20. B)

　　Part II Reading Comprehension

　　21. D)。参阅文中最后一段最后一句。

　　22. A)。文中说,19世纪的女人花很多时间在家中照看孩子,而20世纪的女人花更多的时间去工作,照看孩子的时间少了。

　　23. A)。从文中第一段第三句可推断出答案。

　　24. A)。参阅文中第一段第四句。

　　25. D)。文章的意思是说,现在的女人结婚生子早,孩子长大成人的时候自己也较年轻,更有机会获得好工作。

　　26. A)。参阅文中第一段,文章中的reusing, recycling, refurbishing, rehabilitation,均为围绕主题的关键词。

　　27. D)。参阅文中第二段最后一句。

　　28. B)。参阅文中第二段第一句。

　　29. C)。参阅文中第四段最后一句后半句。

　　30. B)。从第四段第一句可得出结论。

　　31. C)。in the name of America意为"以美国的名义",联系上下文可知,其意为"由于美国政府的支持"。

　　32. C)。kick one's habit这种用法比较口语化,根据上下文可知其意为"摆脱,改掉(坏)习惯"。

　　33. B)。从第三段和最后一段可以推知,正是由于美国国内的吸烟率连年下降,加之其他的原因,美国烟草工业才进军海外。

　　34. B)。文中第三段后半部分讲到南美的状况时,有一个修饰语astonishing,故可推知。

　　35. D)。文章主要论述了对于青少年吸烟问题,不仅烟草工业,而且美国政府也应负责任。

　　36. D) 37. C) 38. B) 39. A) 40. D)

　　Part III Vocabulary

　　41. C)。implement"执行,履行"。A)complete与B)accomplish同义,意为"完成",指对任务、工作的做完;D)supplement意为"增补,补充"。

　　42. D)。exhaust"用尽,耗尽"。A)furnish意为"供应,提供";B)maximize意为"增加至最大";C)minimize意为"减至最少,降至最低程度"。

　　43. A)。mortal"致命的"。B)moral意为"道德上的,有道德的";C)slight意为"轻微的";D)decent意为"过得去的,尚可的",均不适合用来修饰伤势的轻重。

　　44. B)。stack"堆,一堆"。A)stock意为"备料,库存;公债";C)number意为"数字,数",词组a number of"大量,许多",但不用whole修饰;D)sequence意为"次续;顺序"。

　　45. B)。endeavour"力图,努力",后常接不定式。A)succeed意为"成功",常跟in搭配;C)engage意为"从事,忙于",多与in连用;D)enforce意为"实施,加强"。

　　46. C)。lay down"规定"。A)lay off意为"临时性解雇";B)lay aside意为"把……搁置一旁";D)lay out意为"安排,布置"。

　　47. C)。exposed to"使处于……作用或影响"。A)be indulged in意为"使自己沉溺于,肆意从事,满足自己的欲望";B)be involved in意为"卷入,参与";A)和B)虽与题意有些相似,但不够贴切;D)dispose意为"去掉,丢掉,毁掉",一般与of 搭配。

　　48. C)。priority"优先权"。A)superiority意为"优越性",虽然意思比较接近,但不准确;B)inferiority意为"劣等,下等";D)minority意为"少数"。

　　49. B)。 alleviate"减轻,缓解,缓和"。A)eliminate意为"消灭,消除,排除";C)reverse意为"颠倒,倒转";D)upgrade意为"提升,使升级"。

　　50. B)。capacity"容量",常与介词for搭配。。

　　51. D)。in installments"分期付款地",也可用作by installments。A)in turn意为"轮流地";B)by appointment意为"经预先预定地";C)installation意为"安装"。

　　52. D)。shrug off "对……满不在乎,对……不屑一顾"。A)smash up意为"撞毁,击毁";B)tick off意为"给……标记号";C)foul up意为"把……搞糟"。

　　53. C)。ambitious"雄心勃勃的,有进取心的"。A)brilliant意为"好极了";B)applicable意为"可实施的";D)adjustable意为"适应的"。

　　54. D)。dwarfed "使……显得矮小",句中意为"相形见绌"。A)sneer后常接介词,意为"嘲笑,取笑";B)belittle意为"看轻,藐视";C)snuff意为"压熄,扑灭"。

　　55. B)。(be)charged with"某人被控犯有……"。A)(be)convicted常与of连用,意为"证明……有罪,宣判……有罪"; C)(be)blamed常与for连用,意为"被指责……";D)(be)accused后常接介词of,意义同B)。

　　56. D)。profound"深刻的,深远的"。A)gross意为"全部的,总的";B)solid意为"稳固的,可靠的";C)complete意为"完整的,完全的"。

　　57. D)。substitute A for B"用A取代B"。A)replace意为"代替,更换";B)transform意为"变换";C)displace意为"换置,取代",三者均不能和介词for搭配。

　　58. C)。interim"中间的"。A)insertion意为"插入";B)interaction意为"相互作用";D)intervention意为"干涉"。

　　59. D)。duplicate"重复,复制",句中意为"模仿,仿效"。A)modify意为"修改,更改";B)accelerate意为"(使)加快,(使)增加";C)stimulate意为"激励,刺激"。

　　60. A)。guarantee"保证,担保",句中指"对商品质量的保证",该词还可指"保证某事物的品质、某人的行为,或保证某项服务、义务的履行"。B)ensure意为"保证,担保",主要指"某行为或某事件的结果得以保证,也指确保安全,免遭伤害";C)protect意为"保护",常用于普通概念的保护;D)assure意为"使确信,使放心",表示使得某一结果或事件作为一种后果或伴随物来说,是肯定发生或不可避免的,既可指确证某事,也可指使某人确信。

　　61. D)。reluctantly"不情愿地,嫌恶地",句中意为"不情愿地"。A)involuntarily意为"不知不觉地,无心地";B)instinctively意为"本能地";C)spontaneously意为"自然地,本能地"。

　　62. B)。transmitted"传输,传送,传播,发射信号"。A)splitted意为"劈开,(使)裂开";C)radiated意为"辐射";D)transferred意为"转移,调动,转让"。

　　63. C)。back sb. up"支持某人"。A)turn to sb.意为"求教于某人,求助于某人";B)rely on sb.意为"依靠某人";D)hold sb. up意为"阻挡某人"。

　　64. D)。portable"轻便的,手提(式)的,便携式的"。A)liable意为"有责任的,有义务的";B)purchasable意为"可买的,可收的";C)comfortable意为"舒适的"。

　　65. C)。conform (to)"符合……"。A)correspond (to/with)意为"与……一致";B)confine (to)意为"限在……范围内";D)comply(with)意为"遵守"。

　　66. D)。have no intention of doing sth."无意做某事"。A)desire和B)ambition后均接介词for;C)willingness后接不定式。

　　67. B)。attempt"努力,尝试,企图"。A)trial意为"试验,考验,审讯";C)action意为"动作,行动,举动";D)progress意为"前进,进步,发展"。

　　68. D)。come in for为固定结构,意为"得到"。A)run away with意为"偷走;轻易地赢得(比赛,奖品等)";B)go for意为"想要获得;喜爱";C)get on with意为"与……相处(融洽)"。

　　69. D)。all the way"一路上",句中意为"一直(蔓延到)"。A)on the way意为"在路上";B)all along意为"一贯,始终";C)in every way意为"在方方面面"。

　　70. A)。lose sight of "忘记,忽略"。B)lose track of意为"失去了……线索,失去了与……的联系";C)become blind of搭配不当,become blind多接to,意为"看不清";D)give way to意为"对……让步"。

　　Part IV Error Correction

　　71. any∧→ other。这里的other infant指人以外的动物的infant,与human infant相对照,所以other不能丢掉。

　　72. have→has。has的主语是neither of them,意思是"两者之一都不……",谓语动词应为单数形式。

　　73. pay→draw/call。New born children infant用声音(哭声)引起其他人注意他们的helplessness,他们不可能自己主动去注意自己的helplessness,所以不能用pay attention to。

　　74. of→after。within minutes after birth意为"出生后的几分钟内"。

　　75. in→at。at risk是固定的搭配。有的考生也许会将句中的risk改为danger,尽管in danger是个正确的搭配,但是不符合题意。新出生的动物必须冒着被其他动物攻击、被其吃掉、被恶劣环境或疾病致死等危险活几周甚至几个月的时间,直至学会自我保护。这种"危险"状况是risk不是danger。

　　76. them→themselves。此处强调保护自己,不是保护其他动物,用them所指不清楚。

　　77. the→the。此处的others泛指infant之外的其他人。

　　78. be→is。此处suggest的意思是"认为",不是"建议",所以不用"suggest + that+主语+动词原形"的句型。

　　79. genetic→genetically。应该用副词修饰过去分词programmed。

　　80. such∧→ a。in such a way是固定用法,a不可丢掉。

　　Part V Writing

　　Problems Caused by the Shifting Population

　　Every large city in China now has its shifting population formed mainly by peasants who move into cities to make money at their leisure. Some come to work as peasant workers, others as servants, peddlers and so on. They are scattered in almost every part of the cities.

　　This large shifting population brings about many problems in transport, family-planning and social safety etc., among which transport is the biggest headache. Streets are becoming over-crowded; traffic is getting heavier; buses and trains are always filled with such a large army of peasant workers hurrying between cities and villages. Family-planning is no less serious than transport. Quite a few peasants pour into cities just to avoid being controlled by the village family-planning organizations. Some of them give birth to more babies while the city government sometimes might take no notice of this. If we sit on this problem, the family-planning program might become empty talk. In addition, the shifting population often stands in the way of social safety. As it is not so easy to shepherd so many shifting people, criminals may seize the opportunity to make trouble. Therefore, it would be very serious if the shifting population keeps growing!

　　It is time that we tried to solve all these problems caused by the shifting population. Only with better organization and better controlling of the floating population can we keep transport running smoothly, the family-planning program progressing steadily and society developing soundly.

　　(文/王佳艺 李树德；英语通大学英语六级考试版 03～04学年第5期； 版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)