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初中英语辅导:初三册第5-6单元疑难解析
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/19 09:01  英语辅导报

  1. I want to go somewhere warm. 我想去暖和些的地方。(Lesson 17)

  在这个句子中,warm修饰somewhere作定语。在英语的肯定陈述句中,当谈到人、物、时间或地点时,如不能说得很具体、确切时,就用带some的不定代词或不定副词,例如:

  There's someone/somebody in the bedroom. 卧室里有人。

  She lives somewhere in NewYork. 她住在纽约某个地方。

  在这种情况下,修饰不定代词及不定副词的词、短语及从句要放在不定代词及不定副词之后,又如:

  She wants to go somewhere out of town. 她想到城外某地去。

  At last he found somewhere to park the car. 他最后终于找到一处停车。

  2. Let's try to find some information about it, OK? 咱们尽量找一些关于(它)海

  南的信息,好吗?(Lesson 17)

  "Let's do sth..."句型经常用来提建议,意为"让我们做某事",表达此建议时常包括对方在内,如:Let's go swimming. 让我们去游泳吧!该句型用在反意疑问句中时,常用shall we来完成? 如: Let's read English first, shall we? 我们先读英语,好吗?

  但在口语中,还可用OK / all right?等进行反问,如:Let's go there on foot, OK / all right?我们步行去那儿,好吗?

  需注意的是,"Let us do sth."意为"让我们做某事",一般不包括对方在内,而是请求对方允许自己做某事,如:Let us go to the park, Father. 让我们去公园吧,爸爸?(不包括爸爸在内)该句在完成反意疑问句时,用will you。如:Let us go home, will you? 请让我们回家好吗?

  3. ...and it's famous for "Tianya Haijiao". ……它以"天涯海角"闻名于世。(Lesson 18)

  be famous for 意思是"以……闻名",如:China is famous for its silk.中国以丝绸闻名。

  be famous as 意思是"作为……闻名",如:

  Zhang Yimou is famous as a director. 张艺谋是位名导演。

  4. Could you please tell me whom we have to see? 你能告诉我我们要去见谁吗?(Lesson 19)

  在宾语从句中,who作 see 的宾语,故用其宾格形式whom。若作介词的宾语,who也用其宾格形式,如:For whom has he bought the bike? 他给谁买的自行车?提醒大家注意的是,根据英语习惯用法,whom不作间接宾语,如上面例句不能说:Whom has he bought a bike?(×)而应该说:Whom / Who has he bought the bike for ?

  5. Could you tell me whether that's a fast train or not? 你能否告诉我那是不是一列快车?(Lesson 20)

  表示"是否,是不是",可用whether或if,它们后面都可接or not,即whether / if...or not,因此上述句子也可说:Could you tell me if that is a fast train or not? 不过,whether 还可与or not直接连用,而 if 则不能。如:They doubt whether or not the figures are accurate. 他们怀疑这些数字是不是准确。

  除引导宾语从句外,whether 还可引导让步状语从句,如:Hainan Island is the place to be, whether it's summer or winter. 不管是夏天还是冬天,海南岛都是应该去的好地方。(Lesson 18)

  6. It takes about twelve hours if you take the K37 train. 如果你乘K37次火车,大约会用12小时。(Lesson 20)

  在这个句子中,两个take 含义不同,前者意为"花费(时间)",后者意为"乘(车)"。

  take 在表示"花费"时的常用句型有:

  i) "sth / doing sth + takes + sb + time" 如:

  The journey took us at least five days. 这次旅游至少花了我们5天时间。

  ii) It takes + sb + time + to do sth. 如:

  It took them a whole day to finish the job. 他们花了整整一天才做完这项工作。

  表示"乘车"时,"take + (a / an)交通工具"可以在句中作谓语,而"by + 交通工具"则只作方式状语。如:

  I took a taxi to the park. 我坐计程车到了公园。

  I want to go to the park by taxi. 我想坐计程车去公园。

  7. He was amazed at all the colours, and all the beautiful fish. 他被五颜六色(的珊瑚礁)和各种美丽的鱼给迷住了。(Lesson 22)

  be amazed at意为"使人感到惊奇",作主语的多是人, 如:

  I was amazed at her knowledge of French literature. 她在法国文学方面的学识让我感到惊讶。

  此外,还可说be amazed by, 如:We are amazed by his generosity. 我们为他的慷慨举动感到惊愕。amazing 意为"令人感到惊奇的",多作定语或表语,主语多是事或物,如:

  The result is amazing. 结果令人惊讶。

  We are amazed at the amazing news. 这条令人惊讶的消息让我们感到惊奇。

  8. However, when he returned some years later, the colourful coral reefs were dead and grey. 然而,当他几年后又回来时,色彩斑斓的珊瑚礁已经死了或变成了灰色。(Lesson 22)

  however在这儿是副词,意为"可是,然而",表示转折,可用于句首、句中和句末,此时一般不与but同时出现,如:

  He, however, didn't pass the exam. 然而他却没能通过考试。

  However, this does not always happen. 然而,这样的情况是不常有的。

  He said that it was so, he was mistaken, however. 他说事情是这样的,然而他错了。

  此外,however后面接形容词、副词,意思是"无论如何,不管怎样",相当于no matter how , 可引导让步状语从句,如:However hard the task is, we must complete it in time. 不管任务多么艰巨,我们必须及时完成。

  9. It is said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark. 据说大白鲨是最危险的鲨鱼之一。(Lesson 24)

  在这个句型中,it是形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语。这个句型还可以表达为:People say that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark. 类似的句型还有"It is believed / hoped / thought that..."等,如:

  It is hoped that you will be able to attend the meeting. 希望你能来参加这次会议。

  It is believed that our team will win the match.(人们)相信我们的球队会赢得这场比赛。

  (文/玉华;英语通2004年第8期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)


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