主语和谓语应在人称和数上保持一致，现将其用法归纳如下：

　　1. 语法一致：She likes singing while I like drawing.她喜欢唱歌而我喜欢绘画。

　　2. 主语后跟with, as well as, no 1ess than, rather than, together with, along with, but, except, besides, like, including, in addition to, as much as等短语时，谓语视主语而定。

　　① Nobody but Mary and Tom knows the secret.

　　除了玛丽和汤姆没人知道这个秘密。

　　3. 主语是代词each (of), another, the other, either (of), a little, little, much及any, some, every, no与-thing,- body, -one构成的合成代词时，谓语用单数。

　　①Someone is waiting for you at the gate. 有人在门口等你。

　　②No one knows how to deal with the matter. 没人知道如何处理这个问题。

　　4. 当主语是trousers, g1asses, shoes, socks，clothes时，谓语一般用复数。但是有a pair (suit) of来修饰时，谓语用单数，用two pairs of来修饰时，谓语用复数。

　　①His glasses are very expensive. 他的眼镜十分昂贵。

　　②A pair of glasses is what he needs. 他需要的是一副眼镜。

　　5. 当主语是people, police, cattle, goods时，谓语动词用复数。

　　①The police were searching for the lost boy in the forest. 警方在森林里搜索失踪的男孩。

　　②Half of his goods were sto1en the other day. 几天前他的货物有一半被盗。

　　6. 集体名词army, class, enemy, fami1y, government, group, team, staff, committee, public, nation, company等作主语时，若整体看待谓语用单数，但指其成员时，谓语用复数。

　　①His family has moved the south. 他的家搬到南方。

　　②The football team are to meet on Sundays. 星期天将去迎接足球队。

　　7. 当and，both…and连接两个并列主语时，谓语用复数。当and连接的两个词表同一概念或同一人物时，谓语动词用单数形式。

　　Work and play are not equally rewarding.

　　8. many a，more than one，each，every修饰可数名词单数，或one and a half修饰复数名词时，谓语用单数。(但是more than修饰复数名词时，谓语用复数)。

　　①Many a boy has read the book since then. 从那时起，许多男孩读这本书。

　　②One and a half apples is on the plate. 盘子里有一个半苹果。

　　9. every，no，each，many a修饰and连接的并列主语时，用单数谓语。

　　①Every boy and every girl knows how to keep discipline in class.

　　②No teacher and no student is going there.

　　10. 动名词(短语)、不定式(短语)、句子作主语时，谓语用单数。

　　①Writing stories and articles is what I enjoy most. 我最喜欢写故事和文章。

　　②When and where to build the new factory is not decided. 何时何地建厂还未决定。

　　但是，what引导的主语从句，根据表语的意义谓语可用单数或复数。

　　①What he said sounds reasonable. 他所说的听起来合情合理。

　　②What he left me were but a few old books. 他留给我的只是一些旧书。

　　11. neither of，none of修饰主语时，谓语多用单数，复数也可。

　　None of them have／has a Chinese English dictionary.

　　12. 百分数、分数、half of, the rest of most of，(a) part of，a series of，a kind of修饰主语时，谓语视主语而定(population除外)。

　　①A series of his works have been printed. 他的一系列的著作印制成书。

　　②I can work out two of the five prob1ems, but the rest are too difficult to me.

　　我能解答这五道题中的两道，其余的对我来说太难了。

　　13. 时间、距离、金钱、数字作主语，或the umber of+名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

　　①One hundred miles was covered in a single night. 一夜走完一百英里。

　　②The one dollar and eighty-seven cents was a11 Dalle had saved.

　　那一美元八十七美分是Dalle的全部积蓄。

　　③The number of students in our class is fifty. 我们班学生的人数是五十。

　　14. either...or, neither...nor, not only...but (also), not...but, not just...but, there be, or, whether ...or连接两个并列主语时，谓语用就近一致原则。

　　①There is a table and two chairs in the room.屋子里有一张桌子两把椅子。

　　②One or two friends are coming tonight. 今晚有一两个朋友要来。

　　15. the+ adj. 表一类人，谓语用复数。但the good (好的东西)，the useful, the beautiful等表示抽象的概念作主语时，谓语用单数。

　　①The wounded were taken to the hospital immediately. 伤者被紧急送往医院。

　　②The beautiful gives pleasure to a11 of us. 美让我们大家愉悦。

　　16. “the+形容词(数词)+and+ the+形容词+单数名词”结构作主语，后接复数动词，若去掉and后面的冠词，则后接单数谓语。试比较：

　　The tenth and the 1ast paragraph are well written.第十段和最后一段写得很好。

　　The tenth and last paragraph is well written.

　　The red and the white rose need watering. 红玫瑰和白玫瑰需要浇水。

　　The red and white rose needs watering.

　　17. 四则运算中，谓语可以用单数或复数。

　　Two times four is／are the same as four times two.

　　18. 定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词。

　　①All we can do is to take the broken car to the junk yard.

　　我们能做的就是把这个破车送到垃圾场。

　　②He is one of the students who have been to Beijing. 他是到过北京的学生之一。

　　③He is the only one of the students who has been to Beijing. 他是唯一到过北京的学生。

　　19. all作主语时，谓语依其所指代的人或事的单复数来决定用单数或复数。

　　All are present at the meeting and all goes well. 所有的人都出席了会议，会议圆满成功。

　　20. 作书名、篇名用的复数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。

　　①His Selected Works was first published in 1959. 他的作品选1959年出版。

　　②The Emperor’s New Clothes was written by Hans Christian Anderson.

　　《皇帝的新装》是汉斯•克里斯汀•安徒生写的。

　　21. this kind of…, …of this kind ,one of …作主语时，谓语由of前的名词决定。

　　①This kind of men annoys me. 这种人让我生气。

　　②Men of this kind annoy me.

　　22. 有些名词如news，maths，physics等，词尾虽有-s，但谓语动词用单数形式。

　　Polities is of great importance. 政体极为重要。

　　直击高考

　　1. 一 How are the team playing?

　　一They’re playing well, but one of them____ hurt. (NMET2002 春)

　　A. got B. gets C. are D. were

　　2. The number of people invited____ fifty, but a number of them _____absent for different reasons. (NMET1996)

　　A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were

　　3. E- mail, as well as telephones, _____an important part in daily communication. (1999上海)

　　A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play

　　4. ______of the land in that district ______covered with trees and grass. (2000上海)

　　A. Two fifth. B. Two fifth. C. Two fifths. D. Two fifths

　　答案与分析

　　1. A 本题考查主谓一致及时态的用法。因主语one of them为单数，故排除C,D两项；理解句意，结合语境便知：“受伤”是发生在过去，故用一般过去时。选项A, got是连系动词，作“变得”解，表示状态的改变，后跟形容词或过去分词作表语，题干中，空后hurt是过去分词作got的表语。

　　2. C 考生应该掌握the number of...是“……的数目”，它是主语时，谓语动词应为单数。而a number of是“许多的”的意思，后接可数名词的复数形式，故谓语动词应用复数形式。

　　3. A 该句的主语是E-mail，不包括 as well as telephones.

　　4. C此题考查数词作主语的用法及其与谓语动词的一致性问题。谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的可数与否。此题中的land为不可数名词，故用单数谓语。

　　专项训练

　　1. Either the Greek or the Australian ___ the boxing competition.

　　A. have won B. has won C. are won D. is won

　　2. Paper money ___ for over a thousand years.

　　A. have been used B. has been used C. are used D. is using

　　3. The police ___ the case in the meeting-room. Nobody is allowed to enter.

　　A. are discussing B. is discussing C. had discussed D. have discussed

　　4. The singer and dancer ___ come to the party tonight.

　　A. is to B. are to C. are going to D. was to

　　5. The young ____ the hope of our country.

　　A. is B. are C. were D. was

　　6. The army ___ going to remain in this town.

　　A. is B. are C. were D. was

　　7. The army ___ rescued the travelers.

　　A. has B. have C. has been D. have been

　　8. Our team ___ going to play a match on Saturday.

　　A. was B. were C. is D. are

　　9. I hoped that somebody ___ going to offer me a lift home.

　　A. is B. are C. were D. was

　　10. The United States ___ founded in 1776.

　　A. were B. are C. is D. was

　　11. Playing football and watching TV ___ both interesting.

　　A. were B. was C. are D. is

　　12. When and where to build the new factory ___ yet.

　　A. has not decided B. is not decided

　　C. are not decided D. have not decided

　　13. They each ___ an apple.

　　A. have B. has C. has got D. are to be had

　　14. Eight times eight ___ sixty-four.

　　A. is B. are C. get D. make

　　15. A few of the young trees in Tangsa can be cut each year for firewood. The rest ___ to grow even taller.

　　A. left B. will left C. is left D. are left

　　16. In this forest over 50% of the trees ___ damaged so far.

　　A. had been B. have been C. has been D. are

　　17. Now, song writers are writing once more about things that ___ common for everyone.

　　A. is B. were C. was D. are

　　18. A needle and thread ___ on the reception table.

　　A. is served B. serves C. are served D. serve

　　19. He no less than I ___ eager to go to the Great Wall.

　　A. am B. is C. are D. were

　　20. Many a student ___ answered the questions correctly.

　　A. have B. had been C. has D. have been

　　答案与分析

　　1. B 并列主语用either...or, neither...nor, not.. . but, 或 not only...but also连接时，谓语动词的单复数由邻近主语决定，在此句中由the Australian决定。the Australian 指某个人而非the Australian people,因此谓语用单数。

　　2. B money 为不可数名词，因此谓语用单数。

　　3. A 群体名词，如people, police作主语时，谓语动词用复数， 但有些群体名词，如furniture, jewelry等作主语时，谓语用单数。

　　4. A the singer and dancer指一个人所兼的两个称谓，因此谓语动词用单数。

　　5. B the +adj.或the+分词指一类人，如the poor, the wounded, 应看作复数形式，因此谓语动词用复数。

　　6. A 这句话的意思是“军队打算留在这个城市”，因此army 被看作一个整体，谓语用单数。

　　7. B 这句话的意思是“这个军队救出了行人”，army 指“军队的人们”，因此谓语用复数。

　　8. B 同6。

　　9. D somebody为单数，因此谓语用单数。

　　10. D States虽然是复数形式，然而the United States指一个国家，因此谓语用单数。与此类似的有：

　　The Selected Works by Luxun has been published many times.<<鲁迅选集>>已经出版了几次了。

　　11. C 不定式短语或动名词短语作主语时，谓语应用单数，然而此题中and连接了两个动名词短语， 因此谓语动词用复数。

　　12.B 与第11题不一样，and 连接的是一个不定式短语中的两个状语，因此谓语动词用单数。

　　13. A they是主语，而each仅是同位语，因此谓语动词由they决定。

　　14. A 乘除加减法作主语，谓语动词用单数。

　　15. D all, most, half, the rest作主语时，谓语动词的数由它们代表的名词决定，若代表可数名词，谓语用复数；否则用单数。

　　16. B 分数＋名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词决定。

　　17. D 定语从句引导词作主语，谓语动词由先行词决定， 在此that代表things,因此that 为复数。

　　18. A needle and thread，knife and pork均为成套的东西， 被看作单数。

　　19. B 作主语的是he, no less than I为状语，因此谓语由he 决定。

　　20. C many a student 意义上等于many students, 但many a student中student作主语，因此主语是单数。