1.“动词+介词”型短语动词

　　①Many students want to know about the difference between American English and ritish English.许多学生想要知道美国英语和英国英语之间的差别。(SBlA.L10)

　　②Political leaders fought against slavery; they wanted freedom for all slaves.

　　政治领导人为反对奴隶制而战；他们要让所有的奴隶都获得自由。(SBlA.L49)

　　③They eat different kinds of food which change into energy.

　　人们吃的各种各样的食物都转化为能量。(SBlB.L58)

　　④The army was called in to cut through fallen trees and to help clear the roads and paths.

　　军队应召来了，把倒下的树锯断，并帮忙清理大小路。(SB2A.L42)

　　类似短语动词--

　　add to增加 agree with同意(某人意见) agree to同意(建议等) agree on(共同)同意 arrive at／in到达 ask for索要 begin with从……开始 belong to属于 believe in信任 bring in引进 bring about带来 break into破门而入 come across(偶然)遇到 come to总计；达到 call for需要；约请 call on／at访问 care for喜爱 change into变成 connect to连接 depend on依靠 deal with处理 die of／from死于 dream of梦想 date from始于 escape from逃离 feel like想要 fight against反抗 feed on以……为食 fire at朝……开火 get to到达 go against反对；违背 go with与……相配 go over检查；复习 hear of／about听说 hear from收到……来信 insist on坚持 join in加入 join to连接 knock at／on敲(门) live on以……为主食 lead to通向；导致 look into调查 look through审核; 查阅 play with玩耍 pay for支付 quarrel with与……争吵 shout at向……吼叫 shoot at向……射击 stare at(惊奇地)看 suffer from遭受……的痛苦 send for派人去请 stick to坚持 succeed in(在……方面)成功 think of认为；想起 think about考虑 throw at向……投掷 vote for投票同意 vote against投票反对 worry about担心；忧虑 work on从事 watch over监视

　　2.“动词+副词+介词”型短语动词

　　①How are you getting on with your English lessons? 你的英语学得怎么样?(SBIB.L8l)

　　②But Einstein stuck to his theory and went on with his research.

　　但是，爱因斯坦坚持他的理论，继续进行他的研究。(SB2B.L51)

　　类似短语动词--

　　break away from脱离 catch up with赶上 do well in在……做得好 do away with废除 drop in on／at(顺便)访问 go on with继续 get down to 开始认真做…… get close to接近 1ook down upon轻视 look forward to盼望 put up with忍受 run out of用完 work hard at努力做

　　3.“动词+副词”型短语动词

　　①People are not a11owed to cut down trees when they are still small.

　　当树还小的时候，是不允许人们砍的。(SBlA.L18)

　　②After you printed the book，you had to throw away the carved pieces of wood.

　　你印完书以后，不得不扔掉雕刻过的木头片。(SBlB.L77)

　　③Why don’t you try this one on? 你何不试试这套呢?(SB2A.L38)

　　类似短语动词——

　　blow away吹走；刮走 breakdown分解 breakup分解；拆散 break off折断 bring down降低 bring up哺育 burn down烧毁 call back回电话 call in召集 call off取消 cut off切断 cut up切碎 carry on进行 carry out执行 check out查明 eat up吃光 fix up安顿；修理 give back归还 give off发出 give out分发 get down落下 hand in递交 hand out分发 hand down把……传下去 hold out伸出 hold up阻挡 have on穿戴 join up把……联合起来 keep up保持 keep off离开 keep back留下 look over检查 look up查找 male up组成 open up开创 put on穿上；上演 put down记下 put up建起 put away收拾起 put out扑灭 pick up接收；拾起 pick out挑出 pay back偿还 pay off偿清 point out指出 ring up打电话给…… sell out售完 see off送行 set up建立 show off炫耀 tear down拆毁 take away拿走 take up占据 take off脱掉 throw away扔掉 turn on打开 turn off关掉 turn up拧大声音 turn down拧小声音；拒绝 turn over翻动 wash away冲垮 work out计算出；解决

　　直击高考

　　1. I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please_____? (NMET 1995 )

　　A. turn it on B. turn it down C. turn it up D. turn it off

　　2. It is wise to have some money _____ for old age. (NMET1996 )

　　A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid up

　　3. She ____ his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right. (NMET1997 )

　　A. looked up B. looked for C. picked out D. picked up

　　4. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ____. (NMET1998)

　　A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out

　　5. —It’s a good idea. But who’s going to ____ the plan?

　　—I think Tom and Grey will. (NMET 2000春)

　　A. set aside B. carry out C. take in D. get through

　　6. Would you slow down a bit, please? I can’t ____ you. (NMET 2001春)

　　A. keep up with B. put up with C. make up to D. hold on to

　　7. ____ at the door before entering please. (NMET 2001春)

　　A. Knocked B. To knock C. Knocking D. Knock

　　8. Have a good rest, you need to _____ your energy for the tennis match this afternoon. (NMET 2001春)

　　A. leave B. save C. hold D. get

　　答案与分析

　　1.C该题是通过对话设立一种语境考查考生运用语言的能力。I can hardly hear the radio是一信息句，考生只要能抓住这—信息，便可知道“要调大音量”。本题区分度为0.303。

　　2. A put away在该题中是save(储蓄)的意思。该句意思是“储蓄一些钱以备年老用这是明智的。”

　　3. A look up sth in the book (dictionary)是“在书或字典中查找……”；look for 是“寻找”“等待”的意思；pick out 是“选出”的意思；pick up意为“拾起”，“拿起”。

　　4. D put up 举起，抬起，张贴等。give in投降，屈服。turn on开，打开，转开(电灯、自来水等)。go out出去，(灯火等)熄灭。A 、B、C不符合题意。故应排除。

　　5. B 本题考查动词短语的含义。A set aside为 “搁置”；B . carry out, 意为实现。C. take in 为“收留”，订购。D get through为“完成”。

　　6. A A项含义为“跟上，赶上”，从上文的提示，“让对方慢下来一点”，体会出是“跟不上对方”，故选A。

　　7. D此题是在考查祈使句的用法。祈使句应以动词原形开头。

　　8. B此词考查动词的用法。save one’s energy意为“积蓄力量”，从前文的have a good rest可以推出下文应选用能表达这一含义的短语。

　　专项练习

　　1. The news has _____ that an earthquake will arrive before daybreak.

　　A. got out B. got round C. got up D. got away

　　2. Because of the poor harvest, wheat prices have ____ in the last six months.

　　A. added B. jumped C. raised D. gathered

　　3. Do you mind if I ______ with my work while you are getting tea ready.

　　A. carry out B. come on C. carry on D. go over

　　4. Old memories are often _____ when you hear a particular song or a piece of music.

　　A. called in B. called on C. called out D. called up

　　5. ─That’s a lovely dress.

　　─Do you think so? My aunt gave it to me for my birthday, but I don’t _____ the color.

　　A. interest in B. care for C. please with D. fond of

　　6. The folk song concert was so well ____ that all the tickets had been sold out on the first day.

　　A. accepted B. recognized C. received D. promised

　　7. The square is so large that hundreds of cars can park there and still leave room to ______.

　　A. spare B. spend C. store D. save

　　8 .The college is planning to offer more English courses to _____ the needs of beginners of English.

　　A. meet with B. meet C. supply D. satisfy with

　　9. He looked through as many daily newspapers as he could to______ what they said about his latest book.

　　A. hear of B. see to C. look up D. find out

　　10. The woman's skirt was too long. She had to _______.

　　A. let it out B. take it in C. let it in D. take it out

　　11. If traffic moves at low speeds, the number of accidents is _____.

　　A. pulled back B. cut down C. turned down D. put away

　　12. Nowadays too many people are____ their eyes _____ trade.

　　A. turning .... on B. fixing . . . on C. turning ... to D. fixed ... on

　　13.We had a good many anxious moments, but everything ____ all right in the end.

　　A. turned down B. turned on C. turned out D. turned to

　　14. Readers can ____ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.

　　A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through

　　15. Twenty people were expected, but only ten ______.

　　A. turned round B. turn up C. turned out D. turned to

　　16. His obvious changes in character were _____ by a number of unfortunate incidents in life.

　　A. brought out B. brought up C. brought to D. brought away

　　17. Some eighty years ago three-quarters of American production _____ family farms or from business employing fewer than six people.

　　A. made from B. kept from C. got from D. came from

　　18. The period _____ dance classes increases gradually from two or three hours a day to five or six.

　　A. referred to B. kept to C. got to D. given to

　　19. ─What did she ______ so much money?

　　─Nothing but a necklace made of glass.

　　A. spend on B. pay for C .buy for D. sell to

　　20. If we ______ , we can realize the progress we have made.

　　A. turn back B. look back C. answer back D. move back

　　答案与分析

　　1. B “消息传开，地震在天亮之前到来。”get round在这里的意思“传开”。

　　2. B jumped在这里是“上升”的意思，相当于rise。A，C均有一定干扰性，add意思是“增添”，指把某物(数)加到异物(数)上。Raise也有“提高”的意思，但raise是及物动词，因此应该用被动语态。

　　3. C carry on 在这里是“继续下去”的意思。A有一定干扰性。 carry out 也有“进行，开展”的意思，然而carry on为不及物动词，而 carry out为及物动词。

　　4. D “当你听一首特殊的歌或一段音乐时，旧的回忆经常被勾起。”call up意思是“征召(服役)；召唤；传(讯)；使人想起；提出(议案等)；打电话给”；call on 意思是“随叫随到的，号已，呼吁，请求，约请”；call in 召集，召来，招请；收回，来访”等意。Call out 有“出动，唤起，引起，大声叫出来“等意。

　　5. B care for 在这里是“喜欢”的意思。也可以用be interested in ,be pleased with, be fond of, 因此其它答案不正确。

　　6. C receive在这里是“得到，受到”。A有一定干扰性，accept表示主观接受某物，因此不合题意。

　　7. A “广场非常大，成千上万辆车停在那里，还有地方空出来。”spare在这里是“空出，抽出(时间)”等spend 意思是“花费”，store “储存”，save“节省”，因此B,C,D不合题意。

　　8. B “这家大学计划提供更多英语课，以满足英语初学者的要求。”meet 在这里是“满足，符合”的意思。supply 意思是“提供”，因此C不合题意。

　　9. D find out意思“查看，弄明白”；see to 意思是“处理应付”；look up意思是“查寻(单词等)，参考”，因此B,C不合题意。

　　10. B take in 有“改小”的意思。如 This coat needs to be taken in a bit let out 有“施放，泄露”等意思；let in 意思“让(某人)进来”；take out 有“取走，取出”的意思，因此其它答案不合题意。

　　11. B cut down在这里“减少”的意思。pull back 有“拖回”的意思；turn down 意思是“拒绝翻下，调低”。Put away 意思是“把……保存好”。

　　12. C turn…to…在这里意思是“把……转向……” D有一定干扰性。可以说 fix one’s eyes on (upon) sth. , 因此D为搭配错误。

　　13. C turn out 在这里意思是“变得，证明是，结果是”，为连系动词，turn on 意思是“打开”；turn to 意思是“参考，转向，求助于”。

　　14.C get over 意思是“爬过，克服，熬过、恢复”，get in “进入，插入，收获”，get along 意思是“进展，进行”；get through 意思是“通过(议案等)，到达，打通(电话)”等。本句的意思是“不必知道每个单词的确切含义，读者就可进行得+分顺利。”

　　15. C “期望来二十人，但只有十人来到了。”turn up 在这里是“出现，露面”的意思。turn round 意思是“转身，转变”，turn in 有“上交”的意思。

　　16.A bring out 在这里的意思是“产生”。Bring up意思是“教育，抚养，bring to意思是“恢复，使停下”。因此其它答案不合题意。

　　17. D come from表示“来源”，A, B, C选项的动词都为及物动词。

　　18. D given to dance classes为过去分词短语作宾语，相当于that was given to dance classes,意思是“分给舞蹈课的时间”。

　　19. A 从下句的答语我们可以看，第一人问“她花这么多钱做什么？”表示花费的几个动词的搭配是这样的：sb. spend some money on sth.; sb. pay some money for sth.; sb. buy sth. with some money,因此A为正确答案。

　　20. B look back在这里是“回顾”的意思， turn back有“转身”的意思，因此B为最佳答案。