一、will 的基本用法

　　(一)用作(时态)助动词

　　will 可以用作助动词，用来表示单纯的将来(pure future)(一般将来，将来进行，将来完成等)，用于第二、三人称，还常可以代替 shall，用于第一人称。will 在主语之后时还常可以缩略为 'll。否定式在 will 之后加 not(还常可以缩略为 won't)。疑问式把 will 提到主语之前(注意：在疑问句中，will 用于第一人称较为少见)。过去式为 would。

　　We'll go at six o'clock tonight.

　　He will come back soon.

　　There'll be a holiday on Monday.

　　I won't go shopping this afternoon but George will.

　　Will you be here again tomorrow?

　　Won't you go to Beijing next week?

　　When will the train arrive?

　　(二)用作情态(助)动词

　　will 还可以用作情态动词，有多种意义和用法：

　　1.(陈述句)用于各种人称，表示句子的主语的意愿、决心或承诺。例如：

　　I will do anything for him.

　　Go where you will.

　　He will go his own way.

　　I won't do so.

　　If you will allow me, I will see you home.

　　2.(疑问句)用于第二、三人称，表示询问、请求或命令。例如：

　　Will you (please) open the door for me?

　　Will your father allow us to use his telephone?

　　Won't you sit down?

　　Shut the door, will you?

　　3.(陈述句)用于第二、三人称，表示要求或命令。例如：

　　You will wait here till I come back.

　　You will not go out today; you will stay in and work.

　　No one will leave the examination room before twelve o'clock.

　　4. 用于各种人称，表示倾向性或习惯性动作。例如：

　　Every Sunday, we will go for a long walk.

　　He'll talk for hours if you give him the chance.

　　Boys will be boys.

　　The window won't open.

　　5.((通常)肯定句)用于第二、三人称，表示有一定的根据的揣测、估计。可译作“大概”，“想必”。例如：

　　This will be the book you're looking for, I think.

　　And you will be Mrs Brown's daughter! You look so much like your mother.

　　6. 表示事物所具有的能力或功能。例如：

　　Each bench will seat four persons.

　　Will this suitcase hold all your clothes?

　　二、“be going to +不定式”结构的基本用法

　　1. 表示(事先经过考虑的)意图，即计划、安排或打算做某事：

　　I'm going to sell this old car, and buy a new one.

　　I'm not going to touch a thing tonight.

　　What are you going to do/be in the future?

　　How long is he going to stay here?

　　当行为动词是 go 或 come 时，最好避免用“be going to + 不定式”结构，而用进行时来代替：

　　We're going to Qingdao next week.

　　He's coming tomorrow.

　　另外， leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take off 等，也可以有类似的用法：

　　We're leaving for/flying to Qingdao tomorrow.

　　2. 表示趋向，即已有迹象表明即将发生或不可避免的事情：

　　George is putting on weight. He's going to be quite fat.

　　She's going to have a baby.

　　Look at these dark clouds—we're going to have/there's going to be a storm.

　　It looks as if he's going to win the game.

　　(文/钱炳臣； 英语辅导报外研新标准高一版 04~05学年度第11期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)