专家警告西尼罗河病毒可能卷土重来 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/03/10 18:01 国际在线 |
Colorado's top West Nile virus fighter is warning that the disease could be back again for another year. The mosquito-borne disease peaked in Colorado in 2003, with 2,947 cases statewide, mostly on the Front Range. Last year, it moved west, with 127 of the 292 statewide cases reported in Mesa County. "The bad news is that the virus isn't going away," state health department epidemiologist John Pape said Monday. The extent of the epidemic will vary depending on local moisture and temperatures, he said. Mesa County, surrounding Grand Junction on the Colorado-Utah border, had a West Nile outbreak last year because of ideal weather and plenty of irrigation water to support a large mosquito population and plenty of humans to infect. West Nile can inflict paralysis, brain damage or death, but 80 percent of those who catch it will show no symptoms. The elderly are especially vulnerable, Pape said. Although mosquitoes are the primary culprits, the virus can also be transmitted through blood transfusions, organ transplants and breast milk and by a mother to her unborn child, he said. |
专家警告西尼罗河病毒可能卷土重来 |
美国科罗拉多州的有关专家日前发出警告说,曾经肆虐美国的西尼罗河病毒(West Nile virus)今年可能会卷土重来。 据美联社网站3月8日报道,这种由蚊子传播的病毒曾在2003年袭击美国的科罗拉多州,当时全州范围内共有2947例感染病例,其中大部分集中在弗兰特岭。2004年,这种病毒又在科罗拉多州西部的梅萨县暴发。对此,科罗拉多州卫生部流行病学家约翰-派普表示:“坏消息就是:西尼罗河病毒并没有走远。” 去年,梅萨县因为天气的原因和大量的灌溉用水导致蚊子大量孳生,很多人因此感染上了由蚊子传播的西尼罗河病毒。这种病毒可以造成瘫痪、脑损伤甚至死亡,但是有大约80%的感染者不会出现任何症状。 派普介绍说,虽然蚊子是传播西尼罗河病毒的主要元凶,但是这种病毒也能通过输血、器官移植以及母婴之间的母乳传播。 西尼罗河病毒最早于1937年在非洲乌干达的西尼罗河地区被发现并因此得名,此后曾传播到中东、西欧和中亚等地区,近几年也在阿尔及利亚、罗马尼亚、捷克、刚果、俄罗斯和以色列等地流行过。专家发现,病毒流行的地区都具有气候干燥和气温高等特点。 1999年,美国首次在纽约发现西尼罗河病毒感染病例。西尼罗河病毒主要由鸟类携带,经蚊子传播给人,感染者的症状与流感有些类似。2002年,美国出现了史无前例的西尼罗河病毒大规模蔓延,病毒扩散到了44个州,导致4000多人受到感染,274人死亡。(文/王高山) |