恩波考研英语300句第22课_新浪教育

恩波考研英语300句第22课

http://www.sina.com.cn 2006/08/10 15:07 恩波考研

　　2003 Part A Text 4

　　18. Failing hips can be replaced,clinical depression controlled,cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure.

　　【译文】髋骨不行了可以更换，临床的忧郁症可以得到控制，白内障仅用30分钟手

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术便可以切除。

　　【析句】 controlled和removed的前面省略了can be。不要把clinical depression controlled和cataracts removed in a 30minute surgical procedure看成独立主格结构，其实两个逗号连接的是三个平行部分。

　　【讲词】 depression意为“(物理作用所导致的)下陷处，(气候的)低压，(情绪的)压抑，(经济的)不景气”。

　　surgical意为“外科的，手术的”，例如：a surgical operation(外科手术)。相关的同根词有surgeon(外科医生)，surgery(外科,外科学,手术室,诊疗室)。注意a surgical operation也有“精准打击”的意思。

　　19. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care,we demand everything that can possibly be done for us,even if it's useless.

　　【译文】由于医疗费用由第三方支付，我们常常要求用尽所有的医疗手段，即使它们不会有任何作用。

　　【析句】本句的主干是we demand everything。everything的后面紧跟了一个由that引导的定语从句，主句前面的句子成分(Shielded by… care)是过去分词短语作状语。主句后面的成分是even if引导的让步状语从句。实际上，这句话等于：As we are shielded by thirdparty payers from the cost of our care,we demand everything that can possibly be done for us,even if it's useless.

　　【讲词】 shield最早的含义是“盾牌”，然后转而表示“防御物，保护物”或“保护”:human shield(人体盾牌)。He shielded his eyes from the sun.(他把手放在眼前遮住太阳光。) 此句中的shielded意为protected(被保护)。

　　party除了表示“党派”之外，还可以表示“方”，如法律的甲方乙方(Party A and Party B)。第三方英语是the third party。

　　20. Physicians—frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient—too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.

　　【译文】内科医生由于不能治愈疾病，同时又担心病人失去希望，常常采用极端大胆的治疗方法，这些方法远远超出了科学能够认同的界限。

　　【析句】本句的主干结构是Physicians…offer aggressive treatment，两个破折号之间是一个过去分词结构，作Physicians的定语。介词beyond之后跟了一个宾语从句，构成介宾结构，修饰treatment。

　　【讲词】 frustrate意为“挫败,阻挠,使感到灰心,阻止”。例如：A poor memory frustrated her efforts to become an actress.(糟糕的记忆力阻碍了她成为演员。)The police frustrated their attempt to rob the bank.(警察挫败了他们抢劫银行的企图。)

　　frustrated是形容词，意为“挫败的；失意的；泄气的”。The child was feeling frustrated because he had to take piano lessons when his friends were playing outside.(这孩子感到很沮丧，因为他必须学钢琴，而他的朋友们都在外面玩。)

　　21. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden,countries that spend far less on medical care,have achieved longer,healthier lives than we have.

　　【译文】我也知道在日本和瑞典这些医疗开销少得多的国家里，人们获得了比我们更长的寿命和更健康的生活。

　　【析句】本句的主干结构是I know that，that后面跟了一个完整的宾语从句。从句主语是people，谓语动词是have achieved，countries作Japan和Sweden的同位语。that spend far less on medical care是一个定语从句，修饰countries。

　　【讲词】 achieve意为“取得，达到”，其名词是achievement“成就，做成的事情”。例如：Be proud of what youve achieved.(为你取得的成就自豪吧！)Negotiations about key issues at the ongoing World Summit on Sustainable Development(WSSD) have achieved substantial progress.(在正在进行的持续性发展世界首脑会议上，就一些关键性问题所进行的谈判取得了实质性的进展。)