恩波考研英语300句第41课_新浪教育

恩波考研英语300句第41课

http://www.sina.com.cn 2006/08/10 15:31 恩波考研

　　1999 Passage 1

　　1. Luckily,if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster,a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s,when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers' misfortunes.

　　【译文】幸运的是，假如门垫或炉灶没有警示你可能会发生的危害，你或许可以对自己所遇到的麻烦索赔并获补偿。或者说人们是这么想的，因为自80年代初以来，陪审团越发认为公司应对其顾客所遭受的不幸负责。

　　【析句】句子本身并不复杂，两个句子表达了人们的想法。在第一个句子中，if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster是指门垫或炉灶没有警示语。在第二个句子中，or so the thinking has gone是一个倒装结构，正常的语序应该是or the thinking has gone so(或者说人们是这么想的)。

　　【讲词】 liable意为“有责任的,有义务的”。I am not liable for other peoples debts.(我对其他人的债务不负责任。)He is liable to come today.(他今天很可能要来。)be liable for sth意为“应对……负责”；to hold sb liable for sth意为“某人应对某事负责”，类似的表达还有to hold sb accountable for sth或to hold sb responsible for sth。I will hold you liable for any damage.(如有损坏，我拿你是问。)

　　2. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary—the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.

　　【译文】虽然警示语常常是合理而必要的，如提示注意药物的副作用，并且很多是按照州或联邦法规的要求而添加的，但是当一名消费者受伤时，警示语是否真能免除制造商和销售商的责任，这还不清楚。

　　【析句】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。主句用了一个形式主语it，真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中的many是指many warnings。

　　【讲词】 liability有“责任”的意思，在此句中protect… from liability意为“保护……使免责”。该词也可表示“不利的条件”。hold no liability for sth.表示“对……不负责任”。Bad pronunciation is a liability in being a narrator.(不良的发音是做解说员的不利条件。)liability disclaimer意为“免责声明”。

　　3. As personal injury claims continue as before,some courts are beginning to side with defendants,especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything.

　　【译文】尽管个人伤害的索赔一如既往地继续着，但有些法庭开始支持被告一方，特别是在处理那些有警示语也无济于事的案件时。

　　【析句】在这个主从复合句中，as引导一个伴随状语从句，主句是some courts are beginning to side with defendants。especially in cases是一个状语短语，cases后面跟了一个where引导的定语从句(where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything)，修饰cases。

　　【讲词】 side with意为“与(某人)站在同一边,和(某人)抱同样的见解”。A Chinese court has sided with the Starbucks coffee house chain in its battle with a Shanghai rival over their use of the same Chinese name,a news report said.(新闻报道说，一个中国法庭支持了星巴克咖啡连锁店的诉讼，这家连锁店起诉上海的一个竞争对手使用同样的中文名。)

　　4. In May,Julie Nimmons,president of Schutt Sports in Illinois,successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet.

　　【译文】五月份，伊力诺斯州的Schutt体育公司总裁朱利·尼蒙斯就成功地打赢了这样一场官司，原告是一名橄榄球队员，他戴着该公司的头盔在一场比赛中受伤瘫痪。

　　【析句】这个句子的主干是Julie Nimmons… successfully fought a lawsuit。president of Schutt Sports in Illinois是主语Julie Nimmons的同位语。宾语a lawsuit由一个现在分词结构(involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet)修饰，其中的a football player后面跟着一个定语从句。

　　【讲词】 involve意为“涉及；包括；参与”等。All the children were involved in the school play.(所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的剧目。)This lesson involves a lot of work.(这一课需要做的工作有很多。)

　　paralyze意为“使瘫痪；使麻痹”。The electricity failure paralyzed the train service.(电力中断使得列车无法运行。)The economy was paralyzed by the policy initiated by the government.(政府所实行的政策致使经济陷入瘫痪。)

　　5. At the same time,the American Law Institute—a group of judges,lawyers,and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight—issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones.

　　【译文】与此同时，美国法学会——一群法官、律师和学者，他们的建议举足轻重——公布了新的民事侵权法纲要，说明公司不必警示顾客留意显而易见的危险，而且也不必给顾客列出一份冗长的清单，列举可能造成的各种危险。

　　【析句】句子虽长，其实是一个简单句。主干是the American Law Institute… issued new guidelines for tort law。破折号之间是主语的同位语，说明美国法学会的成员构成。stating that… possible ones是一个现在分词结构，作new guidelines的定语。

　　【讲词】 weight句中指“分量”。I don't think his opinion carries much weight when the project is being discussed.(在讨论这一项目时，我认为他的意见没有多大的分量。)

　　warn意为“警告；告诫”，to warn sb of sth是一个固定的搭配。

　　bombard是“轰炸”的意思，或表示“连续的提问；连续的侵袭；连续的骚扰”。At the press conference,the president was bombarded with questions about the scandal.(在记者招待会上，记者们纷纷向总统追问这一丑闻。)

　　6. If the moderate end of the legal community has its way,the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability.

　　【译文】如果法律界的温和派占上风，产品的警示信息也许确实只是为了照顾顾客的利益，而不是充当免除法律责任的保护性措施。

　　【析句】在这个复合句中，If the moderate end of the legal community has its way是一个条件从句，for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability是主句的目的状语。

　　【讲词】 to have ones way意为“得逞；占上风”。I will never allow him to have his way.(我决不会让他得逞。)A willful man must have his way.(只要人有恒，万事皆可成。)

　　protection意为“保护”，但是有的时候也表示“保护性的措施”。

　　moderate“中等的，适度的，适中的”，作动词意为“使缓和；主持”。The wind was strong all day, but it moderated in the evening.(一整天来风都刮得很厉害，但到傍晚时有所减弱了。)She was chosen to moderate the debate between the two presidential candidates.(她被推选主持两位总统候选人间的辩论。)