新浪首页 > 新浪考试 > 《2007年考研英语阅读理解168篇》 > 正文

长难句应试考点

http://www.sina.com.cn 2006/09/25 19:49  东方飞龙

  句首出现长主语、长状语、若干状语

  【例】That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. (长主语)

  [参考译文] 这种理论的核心是,我们的环境同我们的才能、性格特征和行为即使
有什么关系的话,也是微不足道的。

  [精华点评] 这是一个典型的长主语在前、短谓语在后的范例。

  【例】Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people will have to accept more “unnatural food”. (长状语)

  [参考译文] 除非人类终于意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度,使地球能为所有人提供足够的饮食,否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。

  [精华点评] 这个句子中,句首的长状语比主语和谓语长得多。时间状语很长。until 是介词,such time 是介词 until 的宾语。time 后又接一个as... 定语从句,定语从句中的point 后又带一个定语从句。

  句尾出现长状语、长定语、多重修饰成分、长附加成分

  【例】Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.(长状语)

  [精华点评] 人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论,主要是因为史学界内部意见不一,其次是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学问。

  【例】It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources, and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.(长定语)

  [精华点评] 这种谬误在历史传统派中有,同样在历史社科派中也有。历史传统派认为历史只是史学界外部人士和内部人士对各种史料来源的批评;历史社科派把自己的研究活动等同于具体方法的研究。

  复杂句中从句连环套、从句套嵌从句

  【例】Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. (从句连环套)

  [参考译文] 行为主义者的看法是,如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境下成长,而这些刺激物能够发展其作出适当反应的能力,那么,这个儿童将会有更高的智力发展。

  [精华点评] 句中that宾语从句包括who定语从句、where定语从句、which定语从句。这样,宾语从句的主语the child 后有三个定语从句,一句套一句。

  若干句型的套用

  【例】But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.(句型的套用)

  [参考译文] 但更为重要的是这一带巨大的宇宙云是科学家们所能观测到最遥远的过去的宇宙云,因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。

  [精华点评] it was... that强调句型与for原因从句套用。

  熟词生义及常用词的引申意义、搭配意义

  【例】The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang first put forward in the 1920s to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.(熟词生义)

  [参考译文] 为了保持20年代首创的大爆炸论对宇宙权威解释的主导地位,对大爆炸论来说 -巨大宇宙云的存在确实是必要的。

  [精华点评] 据上下文和个人的科普常识,giant clouds不指“巨大的云层”,而应译为“巨大的宇宙云”;the Big Bang不指“一声巨响”,而应译为“大爆炸论”。

  主谓语隔离

  【例】Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. (主谓语被状语隔离)

  [参考译文] 相反,行为主义者认为,成绩的差异是由于黑人往往被剥夺了白人在教育及其他环境方面所享有的许多有利条件。

  [精华点评] in contrast 是承上启下的转折状语可放在句首,也可移到句中。

  【例】Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. (主谓语被定语隔离)

  [参考译文] 在这场争论中,赞成“天性”一方的那些人认为,我们的性格特征和行为模式大多是由生物因素决定的。

  [精华点评] who引导的定语从句把主谓语隔离开了。


  特别说明:由于各方面情况的不断调整与变化,新浪网所提供的所有考试信息仅供参考,敬请考生以权威部门公布的正式信息为准。


发表评论 _COUNT_条

爱问(iAsk.com)

评论】【收藏此页】【 】【多种方式看新闻】【下载点点通】【打印】【关闭




考试频道意见反馈留言板 电话:010-82628888-5336 欢迎批评指正

新浪简介 | About Sina | 广告服务 | 联系我们 | 招聘信息 | 网站律师 | SINA English | 会员注册 | 产品答疑

Copyright © 1996 - 2006 SINA Corporation, All Rights Reserved

新浪公司 版权所有
北京网通提供网络带宽