条件状语从句的用法

http://www.sina.com.cn 2008年03月15日 15:13   新东方

  考点79: 条件状语从句的用法

  条件状语从句表示条件, 现将其在高考卷中的常见引导词介绍如下:

  1. if 表示正面的条件, 意为“如果”; unless (=if not) 表示负面的条件, 意为“除非, 如果不”。例如: If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请求他, 他会帮助你。// If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟就碰到他了。(本例句属于第8章中介绍过的以虚拟语气表示非真实条件句的情况。) // He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business. 他一定会来, 除非他有急事。

  2. in case, on condition that, providing, provided (that), supposing, suppose (that)等词汇意思相近, 指“假如, 假使, 在……条件下”(比if更为书面化)。例如: In case he comes, let me know. 如果他来的话, 告诉我一声。// I shall give you my dictionary on condition that you return it tomorrow. 我将把我的字典给你, 如果你明天要还的话。 // I will go, providing/provided (that) my expenses are paid. 只要我的费用有人付, 我就去。 // Suppose/Supposing (that) he does not come, what shall we do? 他要是不来, 我们该怎么办?

  3. as long as (=so long as) 表示充分必要条件, 引导语气强烈的条件状语从句时, 意为“只要”。例如: I will cooperate as long as I am notified on time. 只要及时告诉我, 我就会合作。 // You may use the book so long as you will return it on time. 只要你准时还, 你就可以借这本书。

  [考题1] Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ____ they are not managed carefully. (2007上海)

  A. though B. before C. until D. if

  [答案] D

  [解析] 根据全句意思, “they are not managed carefully”应表示一种假设, 因此下划线处应选用if引导条件状语从句。

  [考题2] In time of serious accidents, ____ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. (2006重庆)

  A. whether B. until C. if D. unless

  [答案] C

  [解析] 本题应选意为“如果”的if表示假设。

  [考题3] I would appreciate it ____ you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment. (2003上海春)

  A. until B. if C. when D. that

  [答案] B

  [解析] 本题应选意为“如果”的if表示假设。

  [考题4] It is known to all that ____ you exercise regularly, you won’t keep good health. (2005重庆)

  A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if

  [答案] A

  [解析] 本题应选意为“如果不, 除非”的unless表示假设。

  [考题5] Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but ____ they have eggs or young chicks, they don’t use a nest. (2007湖南)

  A. why B. how C. unless D. where

  [答案] C

  [解析] 综合整句的意思, 下划线处应表示“除非……”含义的假设。

  [考题6] You will succeed in the end ____ you give up halfway. (2001上海春)

  A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless

  [答案] D

  [解析] 本题应选意为“如果不, 除非”的unless表示假设。注意: even if表示“即使”, as though表示“好像”, as long as表示“只要”, 填入下划线都讲不通。

  [考题7] John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ____ he phones. (2000北京、 安徽春)

  A. as long as B. in order that

  C. in case    D. so that

  [答案] C

  [解析] 本题应选in case表示假设。注意: in order that, so that都表示目的, 不符合题干的语境; 题干中表示推测的“John may phone tonight.”表明说话人对约翰打电话过来没有太大的把握性, 不适合采用语气强烈的as long as表示假设。

  [考题8] — I’m afraid Mr. Wood can’t see you until 4 o’clock.

  — Oh, ____ I won’t wait. (2005浙江)

  A. no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way

  [答案] C

  [解析] 本题应选in that case表示假设。

  [考题9] ____ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. (2003北京)

  A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While

  [答案] C

  [解析] 本题应选意为“只要”的as long as表示语气强烈的假设。

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