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本题的对应信息在文章第一段,关于“old family firms”的表述出现在该段的第三句“The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders”(通过聘用大批专业人员来,这种变革满足了新时代的技术要求,并防止了效率的降低。在过去,这种效率的下滑使得许多第一代千辛万苦创立的旧式家族企业毁在第二、三代手中),其中decline in efficiency是这类公司衰败的主要原因,也就是现代企业更有效率,对应于C选项。A选项的错误在于文中的意思是公司在第二、三代的时候由于公司效率低而衰落,而不是只年轻一代刻意去毁掉公司。B与该句表述不符合。D选项则不是老式家族公司的特点。
[题目译文]
下面那种说法对于古老的家族企业来说是正确的?
[A] 它们在后代的手中毁掉了
[B] 由于缺乏个人创业精神而垮掉了
[C] 比起现代企业来它们缺乏效率
[D] 它们能为纳税人提供足够的服务
60. The growth of limited liability companies resulted in__.
[A] the separation of capital from management
[B] the ownership of capital by managers
[C] the emergence of capital and labour as two classes
[D] the participation of shareholders in municipal business
[答案] A
[解题思路]
本题对应于文章第二段,该段第一句话指出“The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences”(有限责任公司及市政企业的发展具有重要的意义),而下一句话“Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business”( 这种大规模的对资本与企业的非个人操纵大大地增加了股东作为一个阶层的数量及其重要性。他们是国民生活的重要部分,代表着非责任性的财富,不仅与土地及土地所有者的责任相分离,而且几乎也同样与企业的责任经营脱离)就是consequences,其中“”即A选项中的“the separation of capital from management”的意思,deatach有“分离”的意思,因此A选项为正确答案。其余三个选项都没有在该段中有等同意思的对应信息。
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