[题目译文]

　　有限责任公司的发展导致了 。

　　[A] 资本与管理的分离

　　[B] 管理人员对资本的拥有

　　[C] 资方和劳方成为两个阶层

　　[D] 股东在市营企业中的参与

　　61. According to the passage, all of the following are true except that__.

　　[A] the shareholders were unaware of the needs of the workers

　　[B] the old firm owners hand a better understanding of their workers

　　[C] the limited liability companies were too large to run smoothly

　　[D] the trade unions seemed to play a positive role

　　[答案] C

　　[解题思路]

　　本题主要对应于文章最后一段，可以采用排除法。A选项对应于该段第一句话“The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good”(这种股东尽管持有股份，却丝毫不了解他们所持股公司里工人们的生活、思想和需求。他们对劳资关系也不会产生任何积极的影响)，unaware即no knowledge，因此A的表述符合原文。B选项对应于该段第二句“The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away”(花钱请来的代表公司经营的经理与员工以及他们的需求有着更直接的关系，但即使是经理也很少像正在被淘汰的旧式家族企业家长制中的雇主那样对员工有着亲近的、个人化的了解)，可见B的表述也符合原文。D选项对应于该段最后两句“Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other’ s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation”( 然而，幸运的是，工会的势力和组织在日益壮大，至少在各个技术行业是这样，从而工人与雇用他们的公司经理们拥有了平等的地位。罢工和封厂的严酷惩罚使双方学会了彼此尊重的力量，理解公正协商的价值)，可见工会还是起到了积极的作用。而C选项的表述在原文中没有涉及，是正确答案。

　　[题目译文]

　　根据文章判断下面哪种说法是错误的？

　　[A] 股东不了解工人的需求

　　[B] 以前的公司老板对工人更加了解

　　[C] 有限责任公司大得无法平稳发展

　　[D] 工会似乎起到了积极的作用

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