Part C

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

　　It is hard to get a grip on food. The UN's World Health Organisation worries about diminishing supplies and increased prices in poor countries; recent riots and near-riots in Haiti, Bangladesh and Egypt were sparked by the growing cost of wheat and rice. But, as Paul Roberts observes in “The End of Food”， the developed world has lived through “a near miraculous period during which the things we ate seemed to grow only more plentiful, more secure, more nutritious, and simply better。” 46. In the second half of the 20th century, world output of corn, wheat and cereal crops more than tripled. Yet there is not enough to feed the rich, the aspirational and the poor in the world. A golden age has been transformed quite suddenly into a global crisis。

　　Mr Roberts insists that modern agribusiness is unsustainable and becoming more so. “Precisely at the moment in history when we need to shift our system of food production into overdrive, our agricultural engine is breaking down,” he says. The industry has taken cheap oil for granted. Oil fuels transportation and farm machinery, and natural gas is the basis of synthetic nitrogen production (prices have tripled since 2002). Agriculture accounts for three-quarters of freshwater use, and water is becoming an increasingly scarce and expensive resource. Climate change makes some old assumptions about farming redundant. 47. A combination of these factors, he says, will ultimately force a complete rethinking of the way we make food。

　　For years government subsidies held down grain prices, making food cheaper. 48. Water was also plentiful — it takes 1,000 tonnes of water to produce a tonne of grain — and an ingenious process known as Haber-Bosch makes synthetic nitrogen fertiliser easily available to grain farmers. Ruthless price-cutting at supermarkets means consumers have grown accustomed to eating too much. (In the late 19th century, Europeans already thought Americans ate three or four times more than was necessary。) The most damaging consequence is that by 2000 31% of American adults were obese, with another 16% defined as overweight. American airlines spend $275 million a year more on fuel simply to lift the heavier passengers. Mr Roberts claims that every year obesity causes 400,000 premature deaths in America. Food has become as deadly as tobacco。

　　A fruitful start would be to halve the size of portions in all American restaurants, but most consumers are reluctant rethinkers. 49. Eating organic product could be a partial solution, although one study suggests that the cost of avoiding intensive farm chemicals would mean a 31% increase in food prices. Government scientists believe that genetically modified crops might be the only way out of the crisis, but a majority of consumers are reluctant to listen。

　　Is there a model for the future? 50. Fashionably, Mr. Roberts believes that a local system based on easily obtainable seasonal foods that do not need to be transported huge distances would form part of a solution. The economics and greenery of this are far from proven. Mr Roberts can find only one country that has made “serious efforts” in this direction: Cuba, hardly a comforting example. The coming food crisis, warns the author, is as intractable as global warming, and no less urgent。

　　Section III Writing

　　Part A

　　51. Directions:

　　One of your pen friends, John, will be visiting your city. However, for some reasons, you cannot meet him at the airport on time. Write a letter asking him to wait for you at the airport and tell him how to recognize you. Your letter should be no less than 100 words. You don't need to write the address. Don't sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Roger instead. (10 points)

　　Part B

　　52. Directions:

　　Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should

　　1) describe the drawing；

　　2) interpret its meaning；

　　3) support your view with examples。

　　You should write about 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)

   考研2011考研英语最后点题第二套参考答案

　　Section IUse of English

　　【先睹为快】

　　1. D2. B3. A4. A5. C6. C7. A8. B9. B10. C

　　11. D12. D13. A14. A15. C16. B17. D18. C19. A20. B

　　【文章大意】

　　哈佛等私立大学虽然学费高昂，但是它们提出了一系列助学金政策来帮助中低收入家庭。哈佛宣布其政策之后，其他的私立学校也相继跟进，他们纷纷宣称学生不该因付不起学费而被迫往它处求学，并以此与公立学校竞争。他们还设立了一种大学收费模式——对富裕学生施行高收费，以此来帮助补贴较困难的以及不符合领取联邦津贴和政府贷款条件的家庭的学生。

　　【答案透析】

　　1. 【答案】 D。

　　形容词辨析，首先这里的主干部分是$46,000 is…，price是在破折号内的，因此可以把high排除掉。而再看后文里的奖助学金之类的政策，可以说这笔学费应该是很高的，而非合理的或便宜的，故选择expensive。

　　2. 【答案】 B。

　　既然前文提到这些学校的学费很贵，那么从逻辑上说进这些学校学费该是一个很大的障碍。而本句有一个转折，说明应当是没有障碍，因此选择no。

　　3. 【答案】 A。

　　首先本句的结构是一个让步的关系，即需要填入的这个动词的程度应当比or后面的成分更深。那么看or后面的slashed them deeply for needy students，为需要的学生大大降低了学费，那么可以推断出B项和C项不合适。而D项和A项相比，D项是普通意义上的减少，并不会比大大降低有多少程度上的递进，故选择A项。

　　4. 【答案】 A。

　　A项缓和，B项中止，C项加强，D项减少。结合这个动词的宾语sticker-shock，这是一个美国术语，直译是“标签震惊”，也就是看了标签上的价钱后震惊不已，形容定价太高。那么前述的减免学费政策自然应当是缓和这种震惊。C项在意思上肯定不对，B、D不适用于这种抽象性的对象。

　　5. 【答案】 C。

　　从后文看，耶鲁等大学也出台了相应的减免学费政策，那么应当是similar；前文并未提及哈佛的具体措施，所以same无从谈起。

　　6. 【答案】 C。

　　哈佛和耶鲁的关系，相提并论、相互竞争，乃至相互合作都是可以的。那么重点需要理解bitterest这个单词的修饰作用，bitter在这里是指显示出嫉妒、怨恨或失望的，因此结合选项，rival最为合适。

　　7. 【答案】 A。

　　结合文章主题是减免学费的高校财政支持政策，那么能够享受这些政策的应该是低收入家庭，所以是less than…。poorer than 后面的所比较对象不符合语法规范，故不选。

　　8. 【答案】 B。

　　根据后面的by 43%判断，expand和increase比较合适，enhance和elevate都不能在后面加上具体的百分比。而increase后面的宾语更多的是具体的数值，而不是仅仅一个budget，故expand最为合适。

　　9. 【答案】 B。

　　前文说哈佛也对年收入接近18万美元的家庭有相应的学费减免计划，如此一来，进入哈佛学习的学费将相应降低，那么这和州立大学的学费相比呢？一般来说哈佛等私立大学的学费会比公立大学的学费高，有了这个计划，则相应降低，故应当是comparable，可比较的，比得上的。

　　特别说明：由于各方面情况的不断调整与变化，新浪网所提供的所有考试信息仅供参考，敬请考生以权威部门公布的正式信息为准。