七、介词(The Preposition)_新浪教育

七、介词(The Preposition)

http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/05/29 14:21 北航出版社

　　中国学生在使用英语进行书面或口头表达时,往往会犯遗漏介词或误用介词的错误。近年来,硕士研究生英语入学考试经常测试考生正确使用介词的能力。考生在全面复习"介词和介词习语"的基础上,应仔细研读本节内容,并认真进行操练。

　　例1: Over the years, a large number of overseas students have studied at t

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hat university the result that it has acquired substantial experience in dealing with them.

　　A. as B. in C. with D. at

　　[答案] C. with

　　[注释] with the result that意为"其结果是，因此",是复合连词,引导结果状语从句。例如：I was absorbed in reading the newspaper with the result that I didn't hear what they were talking about.

　　[译文]多年来大量海外学生在那座大学里学习过，因此这座大学积累了处理海外学生的丰富经验。

　　例2: It is believed that today's pop music can serve as a creative force stimulating the thinking of its listeners.

　　A. by B. with C. at D. on

　　[答案] A. by

　　[注释] by doing sth.中的by意为"通过……方式、方法"。如：He made a living by teaching.(他以教书为生。)

　　[译文]人们认为，今天的的通俗音乐通过刺激听众的思维而能作为一种创造性的力量。

　　例3: Observations were made the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade.

　　A. towards B. of C. on D. with

　　[答案] B. of

　　[注释] make observation(s) of对……进行观察。本题是过去的考研试题。笔者认为，选择项C. on也是可接受的，因为make observations on ...意为"对……作出观察报告、评论；对……观察后发表评论意见"，例如：He made several observations on the work.. (他对这项工作提出了几点评论意见。)又如：I have one or two observations to make on your conduct. (引自The Universal Dictionary of the English Language by H.C. Wyld 1960)可见，如选C，则本题可译为：在学前班和一年级开始与结束时，过去常对孩子们提一些评论意见。以上看法为一孔之见，供参考。

　　[译文]在学前教育和一年级开始与结束时对儿童进行了观察。

　　例4: Although we feel dissatisfied with the election results, we have to become reconciled the decision made by our fellow countrymen.

　　A. for B. on C. to D. in

　　[答案] C.to

　　[注释] reconcile...to使甘心于，使情愿……，使能适应。如：The boy could not reconcile himself to failure.

　　[译文]虽然我们对选举结果感到不满，但我们必须听从我们的同胞所做出的决定。

　　例5: I've kept up a friendship with a girl whom I was at school twenty years ago.

　　A. about B. since C. till D. with

　　[答案] D. with

　　[注释] be with sb. at school与某人在学校同学。

　　[译文]我和20年以前同学的一个女孩一直保持着友谊。

　　例6: If they will not accept a check，we shall have to pay cash, though it would be much trouble for both sides.

　　A. at B. in C. on D. for

　　[答案] B. in

　　[注释] in cash用现金支付,也可以说with cash。for cash得到现金,如：We sell goods for cash only; we don't give credit.(我们卖货只要现金;我们不让赊购。) pay in cash(=pay cash)付现金。will not accept中will是情态动词，意为"愿意"。would be是表示委婉意义的虚拟语气谓语形式。

　　[译文]如果他们不愿意接受支票，我们将必须付现金，尽管这样做对双方都很麻烦。

　　例7: This is an exciting area of study, and one which new applications are being discovered almost daily.

　　A. from B. by C. in D. through

　　[答案] C. in

　　[注释] one指代前面的area;"in which+从句"修饰先行词one。

　　[译文]这是一个令人振奋的研究领域，而且是一个几乎每天都发现新的应用的领域。

　　例8: Although I had been invited to the opening ceremony, I was unable to attend such short notice.

　　A. to B. in C. with D. on

　　[答案] D. on

　　[注释] on表原因，on such short notice意为"由于通知得这样晚"。

　　[译文]虽然我被邀请出席开幕式，但因为通知得太晚我无法出席了。

　　例9：If two theories are equal their ability to account for a body of data, the theory that does so with the smaller number of assumptions is to be preferred.

　　A. in B.to C. on D. at

　　[答案] A. in

　　[注释] be equal to……与……相等；be equal in……在……方面相等。

　　[译文]假如两种理论都能解释大量数据，那么内含较少假设的理论更受青睐。

　　例10: Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.

　　A. to B. with C. for D. on

　　[答案] A. to

　　[注释] entitle ... to ...使……有权利得到……。

　　[译文]除非你与保险公司为你的货物签订了合同，否则你无权因运送中货物的损坏而得到赔偿。

　　例11: The roles expected old people in such a setting give too few psychological satisfaction for normal happiness.

　　A. of B. on C. to D. with

　　[答案] A. of

　　[注释] expect ... of sb.向某人期待……。例如：You are expecting too much of me.

　　[译文]在这种情况下，期望老人所承担的角色几乎没有提供享受正常幸福所应有的心理满足。

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