介词和介词习语概说与实例剖析_新浪教育

介词和介词习语概说与实例剖析

http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/05/29 14:49 北航出版社

　　介词是一种虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分;它只表示其后的名词或起名词作用的词语与其他句子成分之间的关系。介词虽然是虚词,但在英语中起着极其重要的作用。难怪语言学家常称英语为介词的语言(a language of preposition)。

　　本章练习是根据《全国硕士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲》所列的词汇表编拟的。考生在进行操练时,要特别注意某些动词、名词、形容词和副词与特定介词的搭配关系以及考试

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大纲中规定的介词习语的用法。

　　例1: my return, I learned that professor Smith had been at the Museum and would not be back in several hours.

　　A. At　B. On　C. With　D. During

　　［答案］B. On

　　［注释］on意为"一……以后"。例如：1) On reaching the city, he called up Lester. 2) On his return from Europe, Lester set to work in earnest. (兰斯特从欧洲一回来就开始认真工作)。

　　［译文］我一回来就了解到，史密斯先生曾来过博物馆并且几小时后也不会回来。

　　例2：the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Saturday.

　　A. In spite of　 B. But for　C. Because of　 D. As for

　　［答案］B. But for

　　［注释］buf for意为"要不是……"。例如：But for your help I would not have succeeded. (要不是你的帮助我本来不会成功的)。

　　［译文］要不是英语考试，上周六我就去听音乐会了。

　　例3：all the decent words about "senior citizens" and their "golden age"，the fact is that retirement often signifies little more than a swift shift from a meaningful role to a meaningless one.

　　A. At　B. For　C. In　D. On

　　［答案］B. For

　　［注释］for all尽管。例如：For all our kindness to help her, Sarah refused to listen to us. (尽管我们好意要帮助萨拉，但她不肯听从我们。)

　　［译文］尽管人们说一些好听话，如"年长公民"和"金色年龄"，实际上退休就意味着从有意义的角色到无意义的角色的快速转变。

　　例4: Although he thought he was helping us prepare the dinner, he was actually the way.

　　A. in　 B. by　C. off　D. on

　　［答案］A. in

　　［注释］in the way碍事；by the way顺便提一下; on the way在路上。

　　［译文］虽然他觉得他在帮我们做饭，实际上他在碍事。

　　例5: There is an incorrect assumption among scientists and medical people that everyone agrees what constitutes a benefit to an individual.

　　A. on　B. with　C. toin

　　［答案］A. on

　　［注释］agree on在……方面意见一致，达成一致意见；agree with(从内心)赞同；agree to同意。

　　［译文］在科学家和医务人员中有一种错误的认识，认为什么对人有好处大家的看法是一致的。

　　例6：Before the students set off, they spent much time setting a limit the expenses of the trip.

　　A. to 　B. about　C. in　D. for

　　［答案］A. to

　　［注释］set a limit to ...确定……的极限。

　　［译文］在学生出发以前，他们花许多时间来确定这次旅行最多花多少钱。

　　例7：the fact that his initial experiments had failed, Prof. White persisted in his research.

　　A. Because of　B. As to　C. In spite of　D. In view of

　　［答案］C. In spite of

　　［注释］in spite of the face that常用来引导让步状语从句，意为"尽管，虽然"。

　　［译文］虽然怀特教授最初的试验失败了，他仍然坚持进行研究。

　　例8：Though not everyone sees the transition from the planned economy to the marketoriented economy perspective, it is important to do so.

　　A. at　B. on　C. in　D. with

　　［答案］C. in

　　［注释］in perspective［its right perspective］正确，如实地(观察事物)。例如：He sees things in their right perspective.

　　［译文］虽然并不是人人都能如实地看待从计划经济到市场经济的过渡，但是如实地看待这个转变却是很重要的。

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