考研英语第一时间模拟试题III(试题部分) | |
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http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/11/14 14:40 新浪教育 | |
Section I Listening Comprehension Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questi Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers i n your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SH EET 1. Now look at Part A in your test booklet. Part A Directions: For Questions 1—5, you will hear a conversation in which a man is booking ticke t s for a performance. While you listen, fill out the table with the information y ouve heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You wi ll hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points) Lyceum Theatre Name of Play〖〗Matinee Ticket Price (Circle, with Discount)〖〗?£1 Credit Card Number〖〗2 Expiry Date (Month)〖〗3 Family Name of the Card Holder〖〗4 Starting Time of the Performance〖〗p.m.5 Part B Directions: For Questions 6—10, you will hear the story about Elmo and his ALFAC, an organi z ation for the poor people. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer th e questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the record ing twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points) Elmo grew up in the village of Moratuwa on Sri Lankas〖〗〖〗6 After his flying lessons, Elmo eventually got his 〖〗〖〗7 When was ALFAC formed?〖〗〖〗8 How much does it take to feed a poor family?〖〗〖〗9 Throughout the world, today ALFAC has over 500〖〗〖〗10 Part C Directions: You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, y ou will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer e ach question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points) Questions 11—13 are based on the following radio program. You now have 15 secon ds to read questions 11—13. 11. Which of the following places suffers the most severe damage in the e arthquake? [A]Mexico City. [B]A hotel in Mexico City. [C]Mexico's Pacific coast. [D]The north part of Colima. 12. Helicopters are used to [A]locate hotel employees and guests. [B]get trapped people out of the wreckage. [C]fly in medical teams to help with the rescue work. [D]communicate with the struck area. 13. What makes communications with the area difficult? [A]The collapse of the hotel. [B]The destruction of most services. [C]The blocked roads. [D]The short supply of electricity. Questions 14—16 are based on a conversation between a student and admission off icer. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14—16. 14. When will Yunda decide her program? [A]Immediately. [B]Finally. [C]The end of the first year. [D]The end of the first semester. 15. Which foundation course will Yunda take? [A]Australia and Its People. [B]Futures. [C]Structure, Thought and Reality. [D]Life and the Universe. 16. What is the minimum number of points a student needs to be considered fulltime? [A]9 per year. [B]24 per year. [C]12 per semester. [D]9 per semester. Questions 17—20 are based on a talk about divorce in the U.S. You now have 20 s econds to read Questions 17—20. 17. According to the talk, modern American women [A]receive more education than men. [B]work as successfully as men. [C]respect their husbands but dont listen to them. [D]are able to support themselves. 18. The major cause for most divorce cases in the U.S. is [A]the womens liberation movement. [B]financial trouble at the family. [C]the educational gap between the husband and wife. [D]the lack of democratic atmosphere in the household. 19. What happens when a couple is divorced? [A]The children become homeless. [B]The woman takes full responsibility of the children. [C]The man is to support the children only. [D]Most divorced people will get married again. 20. What does the joke suggest? [A]Remarriages often end up in failure. [B]Children enjoy each others company in a large family. [C]The mother is always in trouble. [D]Remarriages cause new troubles in the family. You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to AN SWER SHEET 1. This is the end of Listening Comprehension. Section II Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and ma rk A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Although the term“global warming”has become increasingly familiar to the ge neral public, a recent 21 carried out by the Chinchil la Institute for Enviro nmental Studies clearly demonstrates that the full implications of the term are 22 understood. As long as public 23 remains so low, the political measur es required to deal with the 24 disastrous consequences a re unlikely to come about. Over 80 percent of the people 25 in the Chinchilla Sur vey were unable to indicate any of the effects of a worldwide rise in temperature. 26 more dist urbing was the very small 27 of people interviewed (7.4%) who felt that thei r lives would be directly 28 by global warming during the next 20 years. This indifference is in sharp 29 to the concerns voice d by the team of pr ofessionals who 30 the Survey. Team leader Professor Ernest Wong stated that w e should all expect to 31 significant lifestyle changes as a result of the eff ects of global warming. In 32 the likely effects, Professo r Wong emphasized t hat the climatic changes caused by a rise in global temperature of only 1℃woul d result in 33 changes. Primary among these changes would be the rise in sea level as a 34 of the melting of the polar icecaps. The consequent 30cemtimeter rise in sea levels w o uld have 35 consequences for lowly coastal areas. The very 36 of countries such as Bangladesh would be threatened. Indeed, 37 coastal cities would entir ely escape severe flooding and damage. 38 considerable deba te surrounds the ac curacy of Professor Wongs predictions, those who share his 39 prediction in sist that governments must respond to this challenge 40 in vesting in coastal defense. 21.[A]study[B]survey[C]poll[D]project 22.[A]so far[B]by far[C]far from[D]far and away 23.[A]awareness[B]enthusiasm[C]attention[D]reaction 24.[A]previously[B]presently[C]currently[D]potentially 25.[A]questioned[B]interviewed[C]invo lved[D]consulted 26.[A]Equally[B]Further[C]Also[D]Even 27.[A]number[B]quantity[C]proportion[D]section 28.[A]destroyed[B]affected[C]bettered[D]enhanced 29.[A]conflict[B]comparison[C]cont radiction[D]contrast 30.[A]conducted[B]executed[C]undertook[D]implemented 31.[A]encounter[B]discern[C]confront[D]experience 32.[A]differentiating[B]delivering[C]displaying[D]detailing 33.[A]marvelous[B]trivial[C]enor mous[D]negligible 34.[A]result[B]remedy[C]beginning[D]cause 35.[A]unexpected[B]disastrous[C]noti ceable[D]disadvantageous 36.[A]development[B]existence[C]prosperity[D]advance 37.[A]many[B]some[C]few[D]all 38.[A]Because[B]If[C]When[D]Although 39.[A]incredible[B]convincing[C]pessimisti c [D]arbitrary 40.[A]by[B]in[C]with[D]on SectionⅢReading Comprehension〖1〗Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 The Internet may be as widespread as todays phone system and the implications f or business are staggering. Like the railroad, the telephone, the automobile and the airplane, the Internet changes everything. We are headed for what William K noke, author of Bold New World, calls the“placeless society,”whe re communicati ons portability makes location irrelevant. With geographic independence comes th e economic irrelevance of the city, the factory, the office building—even the s c hool and the household—each of which is defined in terms of place and proximity to other people. In the placeless society of the 21st century, it wont matterswheresyou a re.“It used to be that we had to have facetoface contact,”explains Knoke.“We h ad t o have customers and suppliers meet. We had to have retail stores that we walk i nto. We had to come together in 13 floors in a downtown office building to have a‘critical mass’to work together. But in the days of what I call‘connector technologies’—computers, telecommunications and transportation—we no longer need to‘physically’connect to interact.” The logical conclusion is the end of the corporation as we know it—and that is p recisely what futurists predict. When buyers need sellers on the global network, intermediaries and middlemen, including banks, stockbrokers, salesmen, and reta ilers, disappear; corporate hierarchies tumble; telecommuting becomes the norm; hightech freelances and small enterprises that sell products globally prosper; outsourcing prevails; and strategic alliances and joint ventures compete success fully with monolithic corporations. That doesnt mean that corporations will fade away. There are still many produ cts and services that require economies of scale, as the record trillion in m ergers last year involving U.S. companies attests.“But I judge that the fastes tgrowing business sector is single entrepreneurs who get on the Internet, adver t ise their product or service for next to nothing, and who use DHL or UPS as thei r distribution system. At almost no cost they can have a global company and deli ver goods or services to anywhere in the world in a few days.”says John Naisbi t t, whose“Megatrends Ltd.”has 57 joint ventures in 42 countries, but only fou r employees, including Naisbitt himself.“We outsource everything, and we use the hell out of the technology,”he explains.“Were not a virtual corporation—i ts just how business is done these days.” 41. By the“placeless society”(Para.1), William Knoke means that in th at society [A]the Internet changes everything and the word“place”no longer exists. [B]the Internet makes peoples location unimportant in their communication. [C]the world becomes smaller and there is no distance between people. [D]people do not have a fixed place to live or work in. 42. According to the text, what will“the end of the corporation”(Para . 3) be like? [A]Management hierarchies become intensified. [B]Most employees work at home via network. [C]Giant corporations face few competitors. [D]Small companies lose their competitive advantage. 43. The record trillion in mergers involving U.S. companies proves tha t [A]small companies will fade away. [B]corporations need to merge with one another to stay successful. [C]giant corporations are needed to provide certain products and services. [D]strategic alliances and joint ventures are prospering. 44. In John Naisbitts opinion, a global company should [A]invest a lot of money in online advertising. [B]deliver goods or services to anywhere in the world in a few days. [C]set up subsidiaries and divisions around the globe. [D]be a real corporation that does business on the Internet. 45. Which is the best title for this text? [A]EBusiness Ahead [B]Corporations: To Be or Not To Be? [C]Bold New World [D]New Globalization Text 2 The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Televisions v ariety becomes a narcotic, not a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic exposures f orce us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on the television, typically, the spans allotted are on thesgroupsof minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car cra shes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps one of the most precious gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather t han just passively surrender it. Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television p rogramming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmer s live in constant fear of losing anyones attention. The surest way to avoid d o ing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but in stead to provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movem ent. Quite simply, television operates on the appeal to the short attention span . In the case of news, this practice, in my view, results in inefficient communica tion. I question how much of televisions nightly news effort is really absorba b le and understandable. Much of it is what has been aptly described as“machineg unning with scraps”. I think the technique fights coherence. I think it tends t o make things ultimately boring and dismissible (unless they are accompanied by h orrifying pictures) because almost anything is boring and dismissible if you kno w almost nothing about it. I believe that TVs appeal to the short attention span is not only inefficient c ommunication but decivilizing as well. Consider the casual assumptions that tele vision tends to cultivate: that complexity must be avoided, that visual stimulat ion is a substitute for thought, that verbal precision is an anachronism. It may be oldfashioned, but I was taught that thought is words, arranged in grammati cally precise ways. There is a crisis of literacy in this country. One study estimates that some 30 million adult Americans are“functionally illiterate”and cannot read or write w ell enough to answer the want ad or understand the instructions on a medicine bo ttle. And while I would not be so simplistic as to suggest that television is th e cause, I believe it contributes and is an influence. 46. In what way does TV discourage concentration, according to the text? [A]TV easily diverts our attention while we are reading. [B]TV misleads our attention to violence and other sensational news. [C]TV commercials frequently interrupt our viewing of a program. [D]TV programs are short and keep changing constantly. 47. By describing news as“machinegunning with scraps,”the author me ans [A]much of the news contains gunfighting scenes. [B]much of the news program is only a rapid broadcast of unrelated bits of in formation. [C]news programs are repeated too frequently on the screen. [D]news programs cant capture and hold viewersattention. 48. In the authors opinion, what kind of news programs will not ultimat ely become boring and dismissible? [A]Those that provide constant stimulation. [B]Those accompanied by horrifying pictures. [C]Those that provide indepth coverage of events. [D]Those that covers both local and foreign news. 49. The author approves of the idea that [A]TV programs must avoid complexity insgroupsto be absorbed and understood. [B]TV language is mostly colloquial and neednt be grammatically precise. [C]TV programs should convey coherent ideas by using accurate words and gramm ars. [D]TV programs should teach words and grammars as well as providing entertain ment. 50. In this text, the author [A]warns of TVs adverse effect on Americas culture. [B]calls for people to resist the influence of television. [C]explains why TV is the major cause for decivilization. [D]demonstrates the difficulty in escaping the influence of TV. Text 3 Multinational companies have been accused of many things in their time: represen ting the unacceptable face of capitalism; making the world a less colorful place by promoting bland homogeneity; even doing the devils work on earth. But what has really hurt the men and (handful of) women who run the worlds multinationa l s is a new criticism that has emerged in recent years: that they are failures. The evidence is embarrassingly abundant. The list of companies that ended the 19 80s in worse shape than they started reads like a Whos Who of leading multinat i onals: Boeing, Du Pont, Salomon Brothers, Texas Instruments, Xerox... Huge losse s were run up by household names: million in 1991 by Citicorp; billion in 1992 by General Motors; and .1 billion in 1993 by IBM. The business heroes of the recent past have not been multinational company men, but entrepreneurs who have turned startupssintosmoney machines: Bill Gates of M icrosoft, Steve Jobs of Apple, Richard Branson of Virgin. Anybody with a bright idea and a rented garage, it seemed, could take on the giants and win. Yet on the face of it, prospects for the worlds giant corporations were lookin g better than ever. Governments were progressively lowering trade barriers. Restr ictions on foreign investment were being removed. Companies were shifting from c ountry to country with almost unprecedented ease. Governments everywhere regarde d multinationals not as predators to be avoided but as sources of investment, ad vice and above all jobs. On the face of it, too, the increasing globalization of business seemed likely t o play to the multinationalsstrengths. They would be able to manufacture thei r goods wherever they could find the best combination of price and quality, and d istribute them wherever they could discover or create a demand. Many pundits pre dicted that a handful of global firms would soon carve up the world between them . As it turned out, globalization exposed the multinationalsweaknesses. Deregul a tion and lower trade barriers have reduced the value of their carefully cultivat ed relationships with governments and expensively accumulated knowledge of local regulatory quirks. It is no longer necessary to be a classical multinational to penetrate global markets, as companies as diverse as Microsoft and Swatch have demonstrated. The spread of modern management techniques means that multinationa ls no longer have a monopoly of managerial wisdom. The plummeting price of infor mation technology allows smaller companies to engage in the sort of information processing and informationdependent innovation that was once a preserve of the giants. Indeed, many of the giants found that their computer systems, expensivel y installed at the dawn of the information technology age, had become hopeless a nachronisms. 51. In the recent past, multinational company men were criticized as fail ures because [A]many of them got involved in embarrassing scandals. [B]many of worlds leading multinationals gotsintosdeep trouble. [C]many of worlds leading multinationals failed to keep up with the new technology. [D]most of them were not able to turn startupssintosmoney machines. 52. Which of the following statements is true? [A]Multinationals have been criticized in their time because they encouraged competition. [B]The worlds giant corporations were actually faced with stronger regional protectionism. [C]The increasing globalization of business seemed likely to reinfor ce the multinationalsstrength. [D]Many multinationals failed because of their large cumbersome size a nd inefficient management. 53. By“Anybody with a bright idea and a rented garage, it seemed, could take on the giants and win.”(L. 3, Para. 3), the author probably means that [A]it seemed that anybody could rent a garage and succeed. [B]it seemed that anybody could succeed so long as he could rent a garage. [C]it seemed that anybody could succeed so long as he had smart ideas. [D]it seemed that anybody could succeed so long as he could become the giant. 54. One of the multinationalsweaknesses lies in their [A]classical way of penetrating global markets. [B]monopoly of managerial wisdom. [C]inefficiency in applying information technology. [D]lack of informationdependent innovations. 55. We can infer that many multinationals will have to make great changes because they are [A]out of date. [B]too big. [C]threatened by small companies. [D]lagging behind the process of globalization. Text 4 “You need an operation,”says the doctor in the old Henny Youngman joke.“Bu t doctor,”says the patient,“I dont want an operation.”“OK, then,”says the doctor,“for the same price, Ill touch up your Xrays.” Its an old joke, yes, but for too many of the nations accountants its som ething else. Its a living. There they were, the accountants from the prestigio u s Big Eight firm of Arthur Young and Company giving“unqualified”audits—thats professional jargon for EVERYTHINGS OK OVER HERE—to Lincoln Savings and Loan. T his was at the same time regional federal regulators had concluded that Lincoln was a“ticking time bomb.”Soon after, the bomb exploded, bankrupting thousand s of investors who—at least partly on the strength of the Arthur Young audits—ha d been luredsintosuninsured junk bonds. And leaving millions of taxpayers with a .5 billion bill to pay for the federally insured deposits that were lost. Was Arthur Youngs role in the Lincoln fiasco (惨败) simply a matter of ma k ing auditing mistakes? Well, according to Richard Breeden, chairman of the Secur ities and Exchange Commission (SEC), when the SEC began investigating these audi ts, Arthur Young wouldnt respond voluntarily to requests for information. Bree d en says that even after issuing a subpoena, the SEC was given documents made par tially unintelligible by Arthur Young stampings and was told by the firm that co pyright considerations restricted their availability to investigators. Shortly after the second favorable audit, Jack Atchison, the Arthur Young ex ecutive in charge of the Lincoln account, left for a job with Lincolns parent company. The new job came with a much higher salary. The Atchison episode tells you everything you need to know about the account ing professions shortcomings. There are lots of ways to cook the books, and ac c ountants are too willing to make use of them because if they do they can be on t he receiving end of a very grateful client. And because if they dont, they mig h t reveal the account. Your client probably doesnt want an operation, but you w ant your client—so you touch up his xrays. Unaccountable accounting is popping up everywhere these days. Recently Labor Dep artment Inspector General James Hyland wrote that“major business failures foll o wing unqualified audit opinions have generated unprecedented public concern that the accounting profession is not protecting investors and creditors through the discovery and reporting of fraud and irregular activities.”He is worried that the lack of accounting discipline applied to private pension plan funds could pr oduce an S&Llike disaster. 56. By citing the old joke, the author intends to [A]show a humor. [B]pose a satire. [C]draw a comparison. [D]create a suspense. 57. By“...thats professional jargon for EVERYTHINGS OK OVER HERE.”(L. 3, Para. 2), the author implies that [A]most companies do not have a sound accounting system. [B]most companiesaccounts have no problems at all. [C]too many accountants are all too ready to give favorable audits. [D]the Arthur Young and Companys case had a great impact on the accounting profession. 58. Which of the following can be inferred from the text? [A]The Arthur Young audits had misled many investors. [B]Arthur Young paid much attention to protecting its copyrights. [C]Arthur Young felt ashamed for providing unqualified audits. [D]Arthur Young gave Lincoln two favorable audits. 59.“To cook the books”(L. 2, Para. 5) most probably means to [A]destroy the books by burning. [B]tough up the accounts. [C]provide honest audits. [D]reveal the accounts. 60. According to James Hyland, lack of accounting discipline might lead t o [A]an unprecedented public concern. [B]the failure of accounting profession itself. [C]the bankruptcy of famous accounting firms. [D]the collapse of private pension plan funds. Part B Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments int o Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 poi nts) 61) If you find yourself stressed by the economic forecast, threat of jo b loss, or have been laid off, the situation is manageable. John Wakeman , program direc tor of the Stress Treatment Center at Ochsner Clinic, New Orleans, La., who has given numerous stress management training sessions for major industries and busi nesses, says that, when confronted with altered circumstances,“it is our natur e to either revert back to the status or to adapt and to do so quickly so that its no longer a change. My suggestion is to adapt quickly.” If laid off, avoid a doom and gloom attitude, which adds to the stress. 62) Accept that changes are inevitable in a lifetime and occurrences suc h as job loss frequently bring opportunities that would not be available if you were not facing the crises. Some people find an even better occupational situation. 63) Instead of responding to layoff as a personal issue, view it as a si gn of the economic times and the fact that the business could not keep its emplo yees. Maintain a routine and keep your social contacts. Dont sit at hom e . Remain active. Use energy constructively. Dont vent(发泄) irritability and f r ustration from stress on your family, but channel itsintosexercise or work on a project. Polish your resume, network with others in your field, and write letter s to prospective employers. Keep informed about the job market by reading employ ment journals, trade publications, and newspapers. Competition is keen, so expect your search to take time. 64) When a pers on is turned down repeatedly, it does try (his or her)selfesteem, but you have to remember what you accomplished before you were laid off. No one can e rase those achievements from your history. You have something to offer. Many people feel threatened by change and become inflexible, Wakeman points out.“You may find that you need to be more open about relocating to a placeswherese mployment is available. 65) Keep an open mind and be flexible about the possibility of a change requiring relocation or taking on new assignments.” Section IV Writing 66. Directions: A. Study the following picture carefully and write an essay of about 200 words. B. Your essay should meet the requirements below: 1) Describe the picture and interpret its meaning. 2) Give your comments on the phenomenon. C. Your essay should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points) |