¡¡¡¡ µÚ1Ò³:section¢ñ Use of English µÚ2Ò³:section ¢òReading Comprehension--Part A µÚ3Ò³:section ¢òReading Comprehension--Part B µÚ4Ò³:section ¢òReading Comprehension--Part C µÚ5Ò³:section ¢ó Writing--Part A µÚ6Ò³:section ¢ó Writing--Part B µÚ7Ò³:È«ÕæÄ£ÄâÊÔÌâËĽâÎö

¡¡¡¡Directions:

¡¡¡¡Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)

¡¡¡¡Text 1

¡¡¡¡Despite Denmark¡¯s manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they are to be Danes. When Danes talk to foreigners about Denmark, they always begin by commenting on its tininess, its unimportance£¬ the difficulty of its language, the general smallª²mindedness and selfª²indulgence of their countrymen and the high taxes.

¡¡¡¡It is the land of the silk safety net, where almost half the national budget goes toward smoothing out life¡¯s inequalities, and there is plenty of money for schools, day care, retraining programmes, job seminars-Danes love seminars: three days at a study centre hearing about waste management is almost as good as a ski trip. It is a culture bombarded by English, in advertising, pop music, the Internet, and despite all the English that Danish absorbs-there is no Danish Academy to defend against it. It is the land where a foreigner is struck by the sweet egalitarianism that prevails. It¡¯s a nation of recyclers-about 55% of Danish garbage gets made into something new-and no nuclear power plants. It¡¯s a nation where things operate well in general.

¡¡¡¡Such a nation of overachievers-a brochure from the Ministry of Business and Industry says, ¡°Denmark is one of the world¬ðs cleanest and most organized countries, with virtually no pollution, crime, or poverty. Denmark is the most corruptionª²free society in the Northern Hemisphere.¡± So, of course, one¬ðs heart lifts at any sighting of Danish sleaze: skinhead graffiti on buildings (¡°Foreigners Out of Denmark!¡±), broken beer bottles in the gutters, drunken teenagers slumped in the park.

¡¡¡¡Nonetheless, it is an orderly land. However, Danes don¡¯t think of themselves as a waiting-at-2-a.m.-for-the-green-light people. Danes see themselves as jazzy people, improvisers, more free spirited than Swedes, but the truth is (though one should not say it) that Danes are very much like Germans and Swedes. Orderliness is a main selling point. Denmark has few natural resources, limited manufacturing capability; its future in Europe will be as a broker, banker, and distributor of goods. You send your goods by container ship to Copenhagen, and these bright, young, English-speaking, utterly honest, highly disciplined people will get your goods around to Scandinavia, the Baltic States, and Russia. Airports, seaports, highways, and rail lines are ultramodern and well-maintained.

¡¡¡¡The orderliness of the society doesn¡¯t mean that Danish lives are less messy or lonely than yours or mine, and no Dane would tell you so. But there is a sense of entitlement and security that Danes grow up with. Certain things are yours by virtue of citizenship, and you shouldn¡¯t feel bad for taking what you¡¯re entitled to, you¡¯re as good as anyone else. The rules of the welfare system are clear to everyone, the benefits you get if you lose your job, the steps you take to get a new one; and the orderliness of the system makes it possible for the country to weather high unemployment and social unrest without a sense of crisis.

¡¡¡¡21. The author thinks that Danes adopt a(n) attitude towards their country.

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý boastful£ÛB£Ý unpretentious

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý deprecating£ÛD£Ý mysterious

¡¡¡¡22. Which of the following is NOT a Danish characteristic cited in the passage?

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý Fondness of foreign culture.£ÛB£Ý Equality in society.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý Linguistic tolerance.£ÛD£Ý Persistent planning.

¡¡¡¡23. The author¬ðs reaction to the statement by the Ministry of Business and Industry is

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý disapproving.£ÛB£Ý acknowledging.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý noncommittal.£ÛD£Ý suspicious.

¡¡¡¡24. According to the passage, Danish orderliness

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý sets the people apart from Germans and Swedes.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý spares Danes social troubles besetting other peoples.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý is considered economically essential to the country.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý prevents Danes from acknowledging existing troubles.

¡¡¡¡25. At the end of the passage the author states all the following EXCEPT that

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý Danes are clearly informed of their social benefits.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý Danes take for granted what is given to them.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý the open system helps to tide the country over.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý orderliness has alleviated unemployment.

¡¡¡¡Text 2

¡¡¡¡About thirty years ago, Title ¢÷ of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned employment decisions that discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. To avoid legal penalties, companies created affirmative action programs. These programs became highly controversial, for they were seen by some as a form of reverse discrimination. Both praised and condemned, affirmative action programs remain in effect.

¡¡¡¡Since the passage of Title ¢÷, the United States has undergone a major demographic shift. California will soon have a population 50 percent Hispanic American and nonwhite. More than half of the nation¡¯s work force now consists of minorities, immigrants, and women; white, native-born males, though still dominant, has become a statistical minority. In addition, about 80 percent of new workers are not white males.

¡¡¡¡Affirmative action relied heavily on assimilation, the process by which minorities are absorbed into the dominant culture. Generally, assimilation involves abandoning distinctive cultural patterns of behavior in favor of those of the dominant culture. Two, three, four generations ago, people who immigrated to this country routinely changed their names to help them enter the mainstream as soon and as completely as possible.

¡¡¡¡In contrast, the huge successes of the women¡¯s movement and civil rights activism have helped Americans to appreciate their differences, even to celebrate them. This change is transforming the workplace, for people who are comfortable and proud of being different are much less amenable to assimilation. ¡°You don¡¯t have to aspire to be a white male or a member of the dominant group,¡± says Thomas, ¡°People are willing to be part of each, but they won¡¯t jump into the melting pot anymore.¡±

¡¡¡¡Diversity in the workplace is much more than skins color. Diversity also refers to gender, age, religion, social class, sexual orientation, and even to military experience.

¡¡¡¡Realizing that assimilation is probably not the way of the future, companies as diverse as IBM, Ford, and 3M have begun programs called ¡°Managing Diversity¡± or ¡°Valuing Diversity¡±. The goals of these programs are threefold:(1)to uncover and root out biases and prejudices about people¡¯s differences,(2)to increase awareness and appreciation of people¡¯s differences, and(3)to teach people ¡°skills¡±,especially communication and negotiation skills, for working with diverse groups.

¡¡¡¡From a functionalist perspective, we would say that programs in managing diversity are an adjustment in the economic system. They will help meet needs caused by changing demographics within the nation and new international relations that require American corporations to be more competitive. From a symbolic interaction perspective, we would say that these programs reflect a change in symbols-that they illustrate how being different from the dominant group now has a different meaning than it used to. These programs not only reflect that change, they also foster further change in the meaning of diversity. From a conflict perspective, we would say that the key term in managing diversity programs is not diversity, but managing. No matter what they are called, these programs are merely another way to exploit labor.

¡¡¡¡26. What is the goal of Title ¢÷?

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý To ensure a smooth shift of population.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý To do away with any kind of discrimination.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý To help companies create the affirmative action programs.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý To guard against reverse discrimination.

¡¡¡¡27. It can be inferred from the passage that a reverse discrimination is one

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý in which the minorities and women are discriminated against.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý by which companies tackle their problems of gender and racial discrimination.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý in which the white people suffer discrimination in employment.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý that goes against the affirmative action programs.

¡¡¡¡28. By saying that the American people ¡°won¬ðt jump into the melting pot anymore¡±(Paragraph 4), Thomas means that they

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý are willing to keep their distinctive features.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý are not so brave as the former generations.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý do not appreciate the American culture at all.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý no longer follow the civil rights activists so readily.

¡¡¡¡29. Which of the following is NOT a goal of affirmative action programs initiated by companies?

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý To eliminate prejudices.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý To avoid legal penalties.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý To increase employment among the minorities.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý To meet the needs of diverse kinds of customers.

¡¡¡¡30. The last paragraph is mainly about

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý how companies exploit their workers through managing diversity.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý what companies expect of their affirmative action programs.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý the implications of the affirmative actions programs.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý the national and international action against the exploitation of workers.

¡¡¡¡Text 3

¡¡¡¡With some protesters outside the building where he spoke charging that he seeks war with Iraq to gain its valuable oil, President Bush touted new administration plans Thursday to reduce the nation¡¯s dependence on foreign petroleum and clean up the air. Bush used a speech in the National Building Museum to promote his request for $1.2 billion over five years for hydrogen fuel cell research, a 62% increase over current levels. The money is targeted at research that would make the plentiful and clean-burning hydrogen fuel efficient enough to power cars, convenient enough to be available at corner gas stations and cheap enough for the average consumer to buy. Since the byproduct of burning hydrogen is water, Bush said conversion from gasoline could sharply reduce air pollution and the demand for oil.

¡¡¡¡But for now, hydrogen is still four times as expensive as gasoline, and fuel cells are 10 times more expensive to build than a conventional automobile engine. Acknowledging the obstacles, Bush expressed optimism that they can be overcome. And he promised ¡°a new national commitment¡± to take hydrogen-powered cars ¡°from laboratory to showrooms¡± in the next 20 years.

¡¡¡¡The proposal was greeted by a chorus of boos from congressional Democrats and environmental groups who charged that Bush is only seeking political gain and has no serious commitment to the environment or energy independence. They point to scientific evidence that suggests putting the hydrogen technology to widespread use is a long way off and say the amount of money Bush is proposing won¡¯t make it happen any faster. Critics also say Bush¡¯s energy plan that seeks more oil and natural gas exploration and permission to drill in environmentally sensitive areas such as the Alaska National Wildlife Refuge contradict his calls for cleaner air with hydrogen cars. ¡°The president talks a good game about fuel cells, but clings to the Bushª²Cheney energy plan written by the special interests which would make us more dependent on foreign oil 20 years from now than we are today,¡± said Sen. John Kerry, Dª²Mass., another 2004 Democratic presidential hopeful.

¡¡¡¡White House spokesman Ari Fleischer decried the ¡°partisan nature¡± of the criticism. ¡°Instead of saying ¡®thank you and welcoming a major environmental initiative, opposition parties and groups that represent more the Democratic National Committee than the environmental cause launch attacks,¡± he said.

¡¡¡¡Before he spoke, the president toured an exhibit of cars, a scooter and portable electronics such as cell phones and laptops, all powered by hydrogen fuel cells. One surprise exhibitor was Chevron Texaco, a firm known primarily as a gasoline producer. It displayed a machine it is developing to convert natural gas to hydrogen. Aren¡¯t they worried that hydrogen cells can put them out of business? Spencer Wheat, a Chevron Texaco representative at the exhibit, said no. ¡°We are in the energy and fuel products business. If fuel products are going to hydrogen, then we will be in that business,¡± he said. In other words, if you can¡¯t beat them, join them.

¡¡¡¡31. Bush proposes his new plans on the belief that

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý they will meet the country¡¯s demand for cleaner and efficient fuel.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý only when new sources of energy are found can pollution be prevented.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý protesters misinterpret his war initiative against Iraq.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý water is a cheaper and more convenient material from which hydrogen can be developed.

¡¡¡¡32. Bush¡¯s optimism is best illustrated in his conviction that

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý a 62% increase of funding can give hydrogen fuel cell research a strong boost.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý conversion from gasoline to hydrogen will reduce the nation¡¯s dependence on foreign oil.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý a new sense of commitment can be derived from less dependence on foreign petroleum.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý hydrogen fuel will be available to average consumers in the next two decades.

¡¡¡¡33. It is implied in the second paragraph that

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý conventional automobile engines can not burn hydrogen fuel efficiently enough.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý Bush¡¯s claimed commitment to the new fuel is only for show.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý high cost is currently a major hindrance to the availability of hydrogen fuel.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý Bush has overcommited himself since the new fuel he promises is non-existent yet.

¡¡¡¡34. Opponents to the new administration plans indicate that

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý the plans still pose a serious threat to wildlife habitats.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý more money should have been allocated.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý the plans are not borne up by scientific evidence.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý oil and natural gas can be better fuel candidates for hydrogen.

¡¡¡¡35. When Fleischer says the criticism is of ¡°partisan nature¡±, he means that the criticism

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý is partial and not to the point.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý reflects the self-interests of opposition parties.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý should not have been directed to such creative plans.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý is wrongly targeted.

¡¡¡¡Text 4

¡¡¡¡When it comes to the economy, pessimism is in and good old American optimism is out. From the headlines in the newspapers to the coffee shop chatter, it seems that there is little good to say about the economy. Bad enough that the news about Iraq, winter storms and the escalation of terror alerts continue to keep people on edge. Reports of state budget deficits and threats of major cutbacks in services such as education, health care and police also make people nervous.

¡¡¡¡The latest USA TODAY/CNN/Gallup Poll reflects the new pessimism. Asked early this past week how they would rate economic conditions in the country today, just one in three-34%-said they consider it good. That¡¯s down 10 percentage points from December, when 44% rated the economy good and 20 points lower than September when 54% said they thought economic conditions were good. Moreover, when asked to look ahead a year from now, those people willing to say things will get better are also dwindling in numbers. A thin majority of 55% said they expected economic conditions to be better by this time next year. Not bad on the surface. But looking back just two months to December, 65%-or two of three-believed that things would improve in a year. And going back six months to September, 71% expressed optimism for economic improvement.

¡¡¡¡So the seeds of discontent are out there and they could set off a political firestorm for President Bush if economic conditions don¡¯t start getting better soon. Or more importantly, if the American people don¡¯t start feeling better soon. Regardless of what the statistics say about how good the economy might be getting, the American people have to feel it. And often, feelings lag behind numbers. Indeed, most people believe that the economy is in recession. Statistically it is not. Case in point: On Friday, the U.S. Commerce Department reported that the economy grew at a 1.4% rate in the final quarter of last year-twice as fast as the government first estimated. Major factors in the upward revision in the gross domestic product were stronger investment by businesses in building up stockpiles of unsold goods and a slight boost to consumer spending, the main force keeping the economy going.

¡¡¡¡But while that report is interesting, and perhaps a source of hope that things aren¡¯t as bad as they seem, more tangible examples of economic improvement are needed-solid gains in the stock market, rehiring by plants that have been laying off workers, new business expansion.

¡¡¡¡The USA TODAY poll further shows that nervousness about Iraq and a still-sluggish economy are taking a political toll on Bush: His job approval rating is 57%, his lowest since before the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks. Surely, what happens with Iraq will be a major factor in the president¡¯s political fortunes next year. But if people continue to be pessimistic about the economy when Bush is in the midst of running for a second term, it will be difficult to be optimistic about his chances of winning.

¡¡¡¡36. The phrase ¡°keep people on edge¡± in the first paragraph probably means to

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý upset people.£ÛB£Ý keep people alert.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý disappoint people. £ÛD£Ý make people pessimistic.

¡¡¡¡37. Statistics from the poll indicate

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý a downward turn in the economic conditions.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý the great impact of bad news on economic situation.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý a dwindling confidence in the economic prospects.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý how Americans have lost their traditional optimism.

¡¡¡¡38. Which of the following is true about the present economic situation?

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý The economy is in disappointing recession.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý The situation has taken a turn for the better.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý Consumer spending is low and goods cannot be sold.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý The statistics have not reflected the true picture of the situation.

¡¡¡¡39. Which of the following may serve as a sign for economic improvement?

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý Strong consumer spending.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý Lower unemployment rates.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý The fluctuation of the stocks.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý Increased investment in the building industry.

¡¡¡¡40. The best title for the text might be

¡¡¡¡£ÛA£Ý Pessimism Reigns as the Economy Continues to Limp Along.

¡¡¡¡£ÛB£Ý Bush¡¯s Economic Policies Are Ruining his Opportunity for a Second Term.

¡¡¡¡£ÛC£Ý The Economic Recession Is Bringing Down Bush¡¯s Job Approval Rating.

¡¡¡¡£ÛD£Ý The Old American Optimism Reigns Even When Economy Is in Recession.