托福满分作文填空法：表示挑战和支持类连词

　　Showing Challenge

　　In the lecture, the professor made several points about______________. The professor argues that__________________.

　　However, the reading contends that________________.

　　The professor’s lecture casts doubts on the reading by using a number of points that are contrary to___________________________.

　　The first point that the professor uses to cast doubt on the reading is that_________________.

　　According to the professor,________________________________.

　　_______________ differs from the reading in that the reading states _______________________________.

　　The point made by the professor casts doubt on the reading because_______________________.

　　Another point that the professor uses to casts doubt on the reading is ___________________________________.

　　The professor claims that______________________________________.

　　However, the reading states _____________________________________.

　　This point is contradicted by_____________________________________.

　　Finally, the professor stated that, on the contrary of the reading, _____________________________________.

　　In other words,______________________________________.

　　This directly contradicts what the reading passage indicates, because___________________________.

　　In conclusion, the points made in the lecture contradict the reading.

　　_________________and_______________ demonstrate that ___________is in doubt.

　　If the lecture supports or strengthens the information in the reading passage, the writing task will usually be phrased in one of the following ways:

　　ØSummarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically explain how they support the explanations in the reading passage.

　　ØSummarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically explain how they strengthen specific points made in the reading passage.

　　Showing support

　　In the lecture, the professor made several points about_______________.

　　The professor argues that______________________________.

　　The points made by the professor agree with________________.

　　In fact, the examples used by the professor support_________________.

　　The first point that the professor uses to support the reading is that_______________________.

　　According to the professor,_____________________________.

　　_______________________supports the reading, which holds that_______________________.

　　The point made by the professor supports the reading because_____________________.

　　Furthermore, the professor bolsters the reading by stating that_______________.

　　The professor claims that_________________________________.

　　This point agrees with the reading, which contends that______________.

　　__________________ shows the truth of the reading because___________.

　　Finally, the professor stated that, in support of the reading, ______________________________.

　　Specifically,__________________________________________.

　　This perfectly reinforced what the reading passage indicates, because___________________________.

　　In conclusion, the points made in the lecture support the reading.

　　________________ and ________________________demonstrate that ________________________is invalid.

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