英语辅导：主谓一致应该注意的10个问题

　　耀华中学 程岗

　　1.某些集体名词如果作为一个整体来看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果表示集体中的个体成员，谓语动词就要用复数形式。

　　这类集体名词包括：audience(观众)，class(班级)，club(俱乐部)，company(公司)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，group(团队)，team(队伍)等。如：My family is a small one with three people.

　　但people，police，cattle等，只能按照复数对待，谓语动词必须用复数。

　　如：The people around us are all friendly and helpful.

　　2.当名词词组的中心词表示时间、距离、书名、金额等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

　　如：Ten years for them was so long because they led a working but hard life.

　　3.由“a pair(a kind，a bottle…)+of+复数名词”作为主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，但由“pairs( kinds，bottles…)+of+复数名词”作为主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。

　　如：This pair of shoes is very nice but expensive.

　　4.不定代词each，every，no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。

　　如：Each boy and each girl was given a new book.

　　5.某些只有复数形式的名词(glasses，clothes，trousers，shoes，chopsticks，scissors等)，谓语动词用复数形式。

　　如：Those shoes are put under the desk.

　　6.and或both…and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。如：Walking and riding are good exercises.

　　但并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数形式。

　　如：A knife and fork is on the table.

　　7.当主语中含有as well as，in addition to，(along)with，together with，except，besides，including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数依据他们前面的主语而定。

　　如：Jack as well as his parents has been to China before.

　　但either…or，neither…nor， not only…but also和There be出现在句中时，谓语动词的单复数就要采用就近原则。

　　如：There is a photo and two maps on the wall.

　　Neither her sisters nor Mary is going to the party tomorrow.

　　8. 由“分数+名词或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of，lots of，plenty of，a large quantity of，half of+名词”构成的短语做主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。

　　如：Ten percent of the water is polluted there.

　　9.由a number of+名词复数做主语时，谓语要用复数形式；由the number of+名词复数做主语时，谓语要用单数形式。

　　如：A number of people are waiting to be interviewed.

　　The number of students in our class is 50.

　　10.在“one of+复数名词+who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句中的动词应该是复数形式。但如果the only来修饰one时，从句的动词应是单数形式。如：This is one of the most interesting stories that have been told.

　　She was the only one of the girls who was late.(完)

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