宾语从句疑难扫描 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/12/03 17:07 英语辅导报 |
宾语从句的一般用法同学们一定已经掌握了,现对其疑难点进行讲解,以便你得心应手地使用它。 1.引导词that的取舍 that引导宾语从句时,特别是在口语中that常可省略。但在下列情况下,引导宾语从句的that一般不省略。 1)当由两个或两个以上的that引导的从句作同一个动词或介词的宾语时,第二个以及以后从句中的that不宜省略。如: He said (that) he couldn't tell you right away and that you wouldn't understand. 2)当动词think,make,feel,consider等后用it作形式宾语来代替that引导的宾语从句时。如: We think it necessary that we should practise spoken English every day. 3)当that引导的宾语从句中的状语紧接that时。如: He said that even if it rained,he would be able to come. 2.引导词whether和if的选用 二者引导宾语从句时,一般可换用。但在下列情况下,通常只能用whether而不能用if。 1)在动词discuss和介词后作宾语时。如: We discussed whether we should close the shop. It all depends on whether they will support us. 2)在引导词后紧接or not时。如: We didn't know whether or not she was ready.(比较:We didn't know whether/if she was ready or not.) 3)当用if易引起歧义时。如: Please let me know whether you likeit.(若该句用if,也可理解为:如果你喜欢它,请告诉我。) 3.从句中谓语动词时态的选择 一般地说,当主句谓语动词使用的是过去的时态时,后面宾语从句中的时态要受主句时态的限制,用相应的过去时态。但若宾语从句所表示的是客观真理(规律)或人和物的经常性、习惯性以及阶段性的动作或事实时,则从句的时态不受主句时态的限制。这种情况下从句常用一般现在时。如: When I was a boy,my teacher told me that the earth is round. He told me he goes to the park every day. 4.从句中使用虚拟语气的场合 1)在表示建议(suggest),要求(demand,insist)和命令(order)等动词后的宾语从句中,常用“(should)+动词原形”的形式来表示虚拟语气。如: I suggest that we (should) have a rest now. 2)表示愿望的wish后的宾语从句中须用虚拟语气。如: I wish I could fly.(用过去式表示与现在事实相反的愿望) I wish I had known it before.(用过去完成式表示过去未实现的愿望) I wish you would stay a little longer.(用would或would+动词原形来表示将来的愿望) 5.含宾语从句的疑难句型 1)I/We don't think+宾语从句 这是一个常见的否定转移句型。使用时常把宾语从句中的否定词not移至主句中,即主句谓语用否定式而从句谓语则用肯定式。该结构常译为“我(我们)认为……不……”。如: We don't think there is anything of interest in your pictures.我们认为你的画并没有什么有趣的地方。 2)疑问词(what,how,who等)+do you think+其它句子成分 这是一个复杂特殊疑问句。它由一个一般疑问句(do you think)和一个特殊疑问句(疑问词+其它句子成分)合并而成。如: When do you think he will be back?你认为他会什么时候回来呢?注:常用于上面两结构的主句动词除think外,还有believe,suppose,imagine等。 (文/河北尚义 师茂;英语辅导报高二版03~04学年第1期) |
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