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新浪首页 > 新浪教育 > 英语辅导报社专栏 > 英语语法辅导:英语强调表示方法种种

英语语法辅导:英语强调表示方法种种
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/02/26 12:52  英语辅导报

  英语中表示强调的方法和表现手段是多种多样的。一谈到强调用法,很多人首先就会想到"It is...that..."这种强调结构,诚然,这种强调结构在英语中用得较多,也为大多数人所熟悉。但除此结构之外,英语中还有多种表示强调的用法同样需要广大英语学习者掌握。下面就分别加以介绍:

  一、通过句子的倒装来表示强调

  用倒装语序来表示强调就是把所要强调的部分放置在句首的强调方法。例如:

  1.Only in this way can she achieve great success.(强调状语only in this way)

  2.French he had studied for nearly ten years.(强调宾语French)

  3.Such would be our home in the future.(强调表语such)

  4.Child as he is,he know s much about the topic.(强调表语child)

  5.The door opened and in came Tom and his father.(强调状语in)

  二、用动词的进行时表示强调

  谓语动词的进行时常可用来强调说话人当时的想法、感觉等,具有一定的感情色彩。例如:

  1.He is constantly leaving things about.他总是把东西到处乱扔。(比He constantly leaves things about.感情色彩强烈。)

  2.She is always doing things for other people.她总是为别人做好事。(比She always does things for other people.感情色彩要强烈)

  另外,用"情态动词+不定式的进行时"形式来加强语气,在英语中也较为常见。例如:

  3.You must not always be talking so much.你不应该老是讲这么多话。

  4.When a person is learning a foreign language,he must not always be translating everything into his own language.当一个人在学习外语时,不要老是把什么都翻译成自己的本族语。

  三、用"形容词最高级+of短语"来表示强调

  1.The truest of friends is he who helps others when they are in difficulty.最真实的朋友是在别人有困难的时候去帮助他们的人。(比The truest friend is he who helps others when they are in difficulty.语气强烈)

  2.He is the meanest of man.他再下贱卑鄙不过了。(比He is the meanest man.语气要强烈)

  四、用否定形式来表示强调语气

  1.can't句的强调作用。例如:

  1)He can't be more foolish.他笨得不能再笨了。(比较:He is very foolish.他很笨。)

  2)The job couldn't have been easier.那件工作再容易不过了。(比较:The job was very easy.那件工作非常容易。)

  从上面两个例子可以看出,当can't与形容词或副词的比较级形式连用时,往往不在于否定谓语动词,而是在于加强全句的语气。此外,can't的习惯搭配也常具有特殊的强调功能。例如:

  3)I couldn't agree with you more .我完全同意你的看法。

  4)I can't praise this film too much.这部电影无论怎样赞扬也不过分。(本句与I can't praise this film highly enough.同义。不能翻译为:我不能过分地赞扬这部电影。)

  2.用一般疑问句的否定形式表示强调。否定形式的一般疑问句,实际上是一种修辞问句,往往不要求对方回答,表示强调语气。例如:

  1)Isn't it a funny thing ?真是怪事!(相当于It is really a funny thing.或What a funny thing it is!)

  2)Isn't the whole living-room a mess ?这间起居室乱极了!

  3)Isn't it cold today?今天的天气真冷呀!

  3.用双重否定形式来表示强调。例如:

  1)Nothing can live without water and air.没有水和空气,什么都活不成。

  2)It is impossible for this careless student not to commit errors.这个粗心的学生肯定要犯错误。(试比较:It is possible for this careless student to commit errors.这个粗心的学生有可能要犯错误。)

  五、通过各种不同的词汇和短语来表示强调

  1.在人称代词或所有格的后面加上own来表示强调。例如:

  1)I saw this accident with my own eyes.

  2)He can't read his own handwriting .

  2.用助动词do来表示强调。例如:

  1)Do come early tomorrow if you can.

  2)You did give me help in my English studies.

  3.在疑问代词和疑问副词后加上in the world,on earth,the hell,the devil,every等来表示强调。例如:

  1)What on earth are you doing he re ?

  2)When(Where,How)ever did you lose your English dictionary?

  4.用强调性形容词来表示强调。注意使用very时,必须和this ,the ,that或人称代词所有格连用。例如:

  1)What he said was utter nonsense.

  2)He did it under your very eyes.

  5.在形容词和副词比较级的前面加上far,much,still,even,a great deal等;最高级的前面加上by far,by no means,much等,来表示强调。例如:

  1)He is by far/much/by no means the best student in our class.

  2)The new theater is even/much /far/a great deal larger than the old one.

  6.在否定句中用at all,a damn,let alone ,in the least,a bit等来表示强调。例如:

  1)He can't speak his own native language well,let alone a foreign language.

  2)I don't care a damn what he does.

  7.用not to mention,to say nothing of,not to speak of等来表示强调。例如:

  1)You have wasted at least three hours,to say nothing of the material.

  2)The dampness is unpleasant,not to mention the cold.

  以上列举了几种常见的表示强调的方法和手段。实际上,英语中表示强调的方法还有很多,由于篇幅所限,恕不能一一列举。相信这些表示强调的方法对广大英语学习者一定会有帮助。

  (文/吴彬;英语通大学英语四级考试版03~04学年第12期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)




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