教师教学参考:谈英语的“形容词+介词”结构 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/03/15 19:44 英语辅导报 |
"形容词+介词(短语)"结构在中学英语课本中使用率较高。尽管构成这种结构的介词数量有限,但让学生能熟练地掌握和运用它们还有一定的难度。那么,我们教师和学生能了解"形容词+介词(短语)"结构及其含义是很有必要的。为此,笔者把这种结构做如下分述,供大家教学时参考。 一、形容词+表示目的、原因、用途和意图等意义的介词for,to, after等。例如: ①Is this book fit for children?这本书适合儿童阅读吗? ②They are anxious for a change.他们渴望变换环境。 ③His advice has been most useful to me.他的忠告一直对我有益。 这一类结构还有:famous for, sorry for(about), eager for (about), greedy for, bound for, unfit for等。 二、形容词+表示原因、动机等意义的介词of, about等。例如: ①He is afraid of dogs.他害怕狗。 ②We were proud of our great motherland.我们为我们的伟大祖国而感到自豪。 ③He is fond of sweet food.他喜爱甜食。 ④Her eyes were full of tears.她泪水盈眶。 这一类结构还有:empty of, short of, sure of(about), certain of(about), suspicious of, independent of等。 三、表示人的情绪、态度或身体感觉、状态意义的形容词+介词with, at等。例如: ①I wasn't pleased with my exam results.我对自己的考试成绩不满意。 ②His parents were very strict with him.他父母对他要求很严格。 ③He was angry with himself for having made such a foolish mistake.他为犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误而生自己的气。 这一类结构还有:busy with, short with, delighted with(at), content with, satisfied with等。 四、形容词+表示范围意义的介词at, in, on等。例如: ①I'm interested in English.我对英语感兴趣。 ②They are good at playing football.他们擅长踢足球。 这一类结构还有:active in, pale in, weak in, useful at, strict in等。 五、形容词+表示距离、起源等意义的介词from。例如: ①American football is quite different from ordinary football. ②My home is far from the school. 这种结构有两种情况值得注意: 1.一个形容词与一个介词搭配,在不同的句子中表达的含义不同。例如: A) full of充满的,丰富的,有许多的;(心里,脑际)满怀着,充满着 ①This is a basket full of beautiful flowers. ②I stared at the big dog, full of fear. B)short of缺少;未达到的;除……以外;只要没有……,只要不…… ①The farm is short of man-power.这家农场缺少人力。 ②We are still five miles short of our destination.我们离目的地还有五英里路。 ③Short of lying, I will do what I can for you.除了说谎外,我愿尽力帮助你。 ④Short of unexpected delay on their way, they'll arrive by tomorrow.只要路上没有意外的耽误,他们最迟将在明天到达。 2.由于习惯用法等的影响,往往同一个形容词与不同的介词搭配,所表达的含义相差不大。例如: A)angry at sth.因……发怒(生气) angry with sb.对……发怒(生气) ①He was angry at what I said. ②The teacher was very angry with me. B) careful of注意 careful about小心;注意;讲究 ①We've been warned to be careful of "SARS".我们受到警告要注意"非典"。 ②You must be careful about what you say.你说话必须小心。 类似的这种结构还有: ①pleased at因……而快乐 with对……感到满意(赞成) about因……而感到高兴 ②good for sb.对某人有益 to sb.对某人和善 of sb.某人好意 at sth.善于(做)某事,对某事做得好 (文/高海峰;英语辅导报初中教师版03~04学年第28期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |
【英语学习论坛】【评论】【大 中 小】【打印】【关闭】 |