1. Excuse me. Have you got... . (L1)打扰了,你有……吗?

　　我们习惯上将have got看作have的口语化形式,它是英国用法,意思是:你有……?而美国人则用Do you have...?句型来表示同样的意思。

　　①-Have you got a science book?

　　-Yes, I have.

　　②- Do you have a science book?

　　-Yes, I do.

　　2. She used to be a history teacher. (L2)她过去是位历史老师。

　　①在本句中used是use的过去式?used to"过去常常做某事"(现在已经不做了),只用于过去时态?表示过去的习惯或状态,后接动词原形。

　　There used to be an old house by the river.过去在河边有一栋老房子。

　　You used to drink, didn't you。你过去经常喝酒,是吗?

　　②used to do sth.和be used to doing sth.。be used to doing sth.意为"习惯于做某事",它可以用于现在时、过去时、将来时等多种时态。be还可以用get, become等来代替?

　　He used to get up early.过去他总是早起。(现在已经不这样了)

　　He will be used to getting up early.他将习惯于早起。

　　3. No matter what the weather is like, you can always...(L6)

　　不管天气怎样,你总能……no matter "不管,不论","no matter+疑问词"相当于疑问词加ever构成的合成词。

　　No matter where you are, I will miss you. (=Wherever you are, I'll miss you.)

　　不论你到哪,我都会想你的。

　　Don't trust him, no matter what he says. (=Don't trust him whatever he says.)

　　不管他说什么,都别相信他。

　　4. It's such great fun. (L7)这(冲浪)是如此有趣。

　　such在句中的结构为such +形容词+名词。其中名词可以是单数、复数及不可数名词形式。与此用法不同,试比较下面的两个例句。

　　Bob is such a tall man.

　　Bob is so tall a man.

　　5. My friend said that there was a truck collecting rubbish outside. (L10)我朋友说有辆卡车在外边收垃圾。

　　There be... doing表示"有……事情正在发生",其中collecting rubbish在句中作后置定语,修饰truck。

　　There is a girl singing over there.有一个女孩正在那边唱歌。

　　There must be someone following us.一定是有人跟着我们。

　　6. It is our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy. (L10)保持环境的干净整洁是我们的责任和义务。

　　It is + n. / adj. + to do sth.做某事是……。It在句中作形式主语,没有实际意义。真正的主语是后面的不定式。其中的名词或形容词作表语。

　　It is very important to study English well.

　　我们在学习中如碰到"It is no good / no use / a waste of time."等结构时,其后常用V-ing形式。

　　①It is no good doing that.

　　②It is no use waiting here any more.

　　③It is a waste of time working out this problem in this way.

　　7. I hope to see him as soon as possible. (L13)我想尽快见到他。

　　as soon as possible意思是"尽快地"?其中possible是形容词,意思是"可能的""可能存在或发生的"。

　　在as... as possible中,两个as之间可使用形容词或副词,表示"尽可能……"。

　　Can you come to school as early as possible?

　　He is always doing everything as carefully as possible.

　　8. It is much cheaper and far more enjoyable than a rushed trip by air. (L14)与乘飞机旅行相比,火车旅行便宜且愉快多了。

　　在句中我们可以看出much和far都用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级?类似此用法的词语还有a little, a bit, even, still, a lot等。

　　①She is a little taller this year than last year.

　　②Jim ran even faster than Bob.

　　③He feels a lot better now.

　　9. Hainan Island is the place to be whether it is summer or winter. (L18)不论冬天还是夏天,海南岛都是应该去的地方。

　　whether... or...在句中引导状语从句,意为"不论……还是……",如以下例句:

　　①Whether in summer or in winter, the North Pole is covered with ice and snow.

　　不管冬天还是夏天,北极都覆盖着冰雪。

　　②Whether first, second or third, in command, each must assume his responsibility. (在"非典"时期)不管是一把手还是二把手、三把手,都要负起自己的责任来。

　　10. The price of a ticket from Beijing to Haikou is 1, 000 yuan one-way. (L19)从北京到海口的单程车票是1, 000元。

　　price在句中作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式,问价格时不能用how much而应该用what。

　　What is the price of this shirt?

　　注意:表示价值的高低时用high/low与price搭配,而不用dear/expensive, cheap来修饰。

　　The price of the CD is very high. I can't afford it.

　　(文/吕建忠唐艳辉；英语通2004年第1期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)