不管是在中学课本中,还是在平时的英语阅读中,都存在大量的强调句式。强调句式是中学英语学习的基础内容之一,亦是高考的重要考点之一。许多同学对其领会不深,更谈不上灵活运用。现将强调句式归纳如下:

　　一、谓语动词的强调

　　英语中,特别是在祈使句或肯定句中,需要强调谓语动词时,须在谓语动词前加上助动词do,does或did,用以加强语气,意为"务必;确实;一定"等。例如:

　　Do come here next morning! You mean it looks strange. I will tell you something that does sound strange.

　　上面句子中Do 和does就是对谓语动词come和sound的强调。

　　二、谓语动词之外的强调

　　若要强调主语、宾语、状语等时,常用强调句型"It is/was...that/who...",其中被强调部分为人时可用who。

　　强调句型在高考中常有很多考点,现将其归纳如下。

　　1. 强调句型的判断

　　该句型的判断方法是:将"It is / was...that /who..."结构去掉,剩下的部分能构成一个完整的句子便是强调句型。例如:

　　It is the playground ________ I picked up his jacket.该句中不可以填that构成强调句型,只能填where引导定语从句;如填that 须在the playground 之前加介词on。该题用强调句型判断方法即可解题。

　　2. 强调句型的特殊疑问句

　　该结构由"特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who..."构成。例如:

　　Where was it that you picked up the wallet?

　　When is it that you will pay a visit to the company?

　　3. 强调句型与定语从句合用

　　考试试题中常将定语从句的考点与强调句型合考,从而增加试题的迷惑性。例如:

　　It was in Beihai Park ________ they made a date for the first time ________ the old couple told us their love story.

　　A. where; that B. that; that

　　C. where; when D. that; when

　　该题中"they made a date for the first time"为被强调部分"Beihai Park"的定语,所以答案选A。

　　4. 强调句型与宾语从句合用

　　强调句型用于宾语从句,为一大热门考点。例如:

　　She looks sad. Could you please tell me ________ that prevents her from being as happy as before?

　　A. what it is B. it is what C. how it is D. it is how

　　该题中tell后面的宾语从句为强调句型,若将"it is...that..."去掉,宾语从句中剩下的部分为 ________ prevents her from being as happy as before,该结构中缺少主语,应用"what",所以答案选A。

　　5. 强调句型与主语从句合用

　　强调句型强调的部分可以是主语从句。例如:

　　It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages that attracted the andience's interest.

　　该题中被强调部分"how the young man had learned five foreign languages"为主语从句。

　　6. 强调句型与"not until..."结构合用

　　not until 结构用于句首时,主语和谓语通常用倒装语序。但在"It is/was not until...that..."句型中,that后的主谓常不倒装。例如:

　　It was not ________ she took off her glasses ________ I realized she was a famous film star.

　　A. when; thatB. until; that C. until; when D. when; then

　　该题就是"It was...that..."和"not until..."结构合用的典型考例,答案选B就会迎刃而解。总之,强调句型是高中英语语法的重点内容之一,将其熟练掌握对单项填空题、短文改错题及书面表达的提高都有很大好处,同时注意强调谓语动词时常用do, does和did。

　　(文/徐国进；英语辅导报高三版2003-2004学年第43期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)