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unit 20 Humour
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/11 10:54  新浪教育

  寻找中心句

  文章是由一个个句子组成的,而句子又总是围绕着中心意思按照一定的思路有计划地组织起来的。一段文字中往往有一个中心句来提示该段的主题含义,这句表达主旨的话,即为全段的核心或关键,其他句子都是围绕它从不同角度、不同方面进行表述的。寻找到了中心句,就把握住了段落的核心,其他句子的意义和作用,也就迎刃而解了。因此,寻找中心句的阅读策略实际上是一个抓主要矛盾的策略。

  中心句的出现有三种情况:一是出现在一段的开头,具有提示作用。二是出现在段尾,具有总结的作用。三是出现在段落中间,往往由一句话来统领全段。中心句对文章起提示、启迪、概括、归纳的作用,主旨大意题、归纳概括题、中心思想题往往都可从中心句中找到答案。

  Passage A

  阅读理解

  A couple had two little boys, aged 8 and 10, who were very naughty. They were always getting into trouble. And their parents knew that. If any mischief (恶作剧) occurred in their town, their sons were probably involved. They got very worried.

  The boys mother heard that a clergyman (牧师) in town had been successful in disciplining(管教)children,① so she asked if he would speak with her boys. The clergyman agreed, but asked to see them separately. So the mother sent her 8yearold boy first in the morning, with the older boy to see the clergyman in the afternoon.

  The clergyman, a huge man with a loud and deep voice, sat the younger boy down and asked him strictly, “Where is God?” The boy's mouth dropped open, but he made no answer, sitting there with his mouth still open, wideeyed.② So the clergyman repeated the question in an even more strict voice, “Where is God!!?” Again the boy made no answer. So the clergyman raised his voice even more and shook his finger in the boys face and shouted, “WHERE IS GOD!?”

  The boy screamed and rushed out from the room, ran directly home and hid himself into his closet, shutting the door behind him. When his older brother found him in the closet, he asked, “What happened?”

  The younger brother, gasping (喘气) for breath, replied, “We are in BIG trouble this time, God is missing — and they think WE did it!”

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. The underlined sentence means ____.

  A. their sons were probably beaten by their parents

  B. their sons were probably hurt

  C. their sons probably played a part in it

  D. their sons were probably happy

  2. The clergyman promised to____ .

  A. frighten the childrenB. beat the children

  C. see the two children at the same time

  D. have an interview with the children

  3. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE?

  A. The two children always obeyed their mother.

  B. The two children's father didnt know that their children were naughty.

  C. The clergyman was very rich.D. The two children liked to play tricks.

  4. By “Where is God?”, the clergyman wanted to tell the child____ .

  A. they should behave themselves

  B. he was angry, for they had stolen God

  C. that God was missingD. to find God

  难句注释

  ①...a clergyman in town had been successful in disciplining children.

  镇上有位牧师管教孩子有经验。

  Total words:255

  Reading time:____

  Reading speed: ____

  ②...sitting there with his mouth still open, wideeyed.

  坐在那儿,嘴还张着,眼睛瞪得大大地。

  这里的动词ing形式表示伴随情况或陪衬性动作。

  Passage B

  阅读理解

  The war had begun, and George had joined the air force.① He wanted to be a pilot, and after some months he managed to get to the air force training school where they taught pilots to fly.

  There, the first thing that new students had to do was to be taken up in a plane by an experienced pilot, to give them some idea of what it felt like. Even those who had travelled as passengers in airline planes before found it strange to be in the cockpit (座舱) of a small fighter plane,② and most of the new students felt nervous (紧张的).

  The officer who had to take the students up for their first flight allowed them to fly the plane for a few seconds if they wanted to and if they were not too frightened to try, but he was always ready to take over as soon as the plane started to do dangerous things.

  George was one of those who took over the control of the plane when he went up in it for the first time, and after the officer had taken over from him again, George thought that he had better ask a few questions to show how interested he was and how much he wanted to learn to fly. There were a number of instruments in front of him, so he chose one and asked the officer what it was.

  The officer looked at him strangely for a moment and then answered, “That...is the clock.”

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. When the new students were taken up in a plane for the first lesson,____ .

  A. they found that it was as usual as they had travelled in airline planes

  B. most of them were worried or frightened in the cockpit of the plane

  C. they wanted to fly the plane very much

  D. they were not allowed to take over the controls of the plane

  2. The reason for taking new students up in a plane is____ .

  A. that they didnt know how to operate the plane

  B. that the experienced pilots wanted to teach them how to fly

  C. that they were to be given some idea of what it felt like

  D. that they hadnt travelled in a plane before

  3. Which of the following is TRUE?

  A. The officer was so nervous that he couldnt tell the name of one of the instruments.

  B. The officer asked George some questions about the instruments in the plane.

  C. George was eager to learn something about the instruments in the plane.

  D. The officer came to know that George was too nervous.

  难句注释

  ①the air force空军

  ②Even those who...found it strange to be in the cockpit of a small fighter plane.

  Total words:254

  Reading time:____

  Reading speed: ____

  甚至那些以前乘坐过航班飞机的人也会发现坐在小小的战斗机机舱里感觉怪怪的。

  Passage C

  阅读理解

  After Ted finished college, he became a teacher in a school. His favorite subject was geography, because he had always wanted to travel, and he studied various parts of the world so that he could feel as if he knew them a little.

  Ted liked children, and was always ready to have a joke with them, so they learnt a lot from him while at the same time having fun.

  One September, he was having his first lesson with a class of boys and girls. And to start with he decided to ask them some general questions,① so that he could see how much they already knew. He found that some of the boys and girls had heard that he enjoyed a joke and were ready to have some fun with him.

  “Where's Turkey?②” Ted asked the first boy.

  “Turkey? sir.” the boy answered. “Youll find it on the Christmas dinner table, sir.”

  “Very funny!” said Ted with a smile, while the class laughed loudly.

  “Do you really know where it is?”

  The boy did, in fact, know. “Part of it is in Southeast Europe and part in Asia, sir.” he said.

  “Good!” said Ted. The next few pupils also had funny answers to Ted's questions. But they all knew the correct answers too.

  Ted knew that there was one girl in the class who was very clever. She had entered the school on a scholarship (奖学金) that term, and it was her who he turned to next.

  “Well,” he said, “now let's see if there's at least one of you who doesn't talk nonsense (废话). What is the equator (赤道)?”

  “Its an imaginary (想象的) line drawn round the earth equally distant from the North Pole and the South Pole, sir." the girl answered at once.

  “Good!” Ted said, “Very good!” But it sounded to him as if the girl had learnt this by heart, so he asked her another question to see whether he was right or not.

  “Now, do you really know what that means?” he asked. “Could you, for example, tie a knot (结) in the equator?”

  The class laughed, but she answered, “Yes, sir.”

  “Oh, really?” Ted said with a smile.

  “Yes, sir,” the girl said, “As the equator's an imaginary line, you could tie an imaginary knot in it.”

  This time Ted joined happily in the class's loud laughter.

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. Why did the first boy give that answer at first?

  A. Because he wanted to laugh at Ted.

  B. Because he didn't know the correct answer.

  C. Because he didn't like Ted.

  D. Because he wanted to joke with Ted.

  2. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE?

  A. This is Ted's first lesson after his graduation from college.

  B. The students had known of him before this lesson.

  C. The first answer given by the girl was wrong.

  D. Ted's favorite subject was history.

  3. Why did the class and Ted laugh in the end?

  A. Because the girl had given a very intelligent answer.

  B. Because the girl's answer was wrong but funny.

  C. Because the other students wanted to make fun of the girl.

  D. Because the girl had learnt about the equator by heart but actually she didnt understand it.

  难句注释

  ①And to start with he decided to ask them some general questions.

  一开始他决定问他们一些普通的问题。

  Total words:399

  Reading time:____

  Reading speed: ____

  ②Turkey土耳其turkey火鸡

  Passage D

  完形填空

  Mrs Jones was very fond of singing. She had a good 1 , except that some of her high notes① seemed to 2 like a gate which someone had forgotten to oil.② Mrs Jones was very conscious (有意识的) of this weakness, and 3 every opportunity she could find 4 these high notes. As she lived in a small house, 5 she could not practice without disturbing the 6 of the family, she usually went 7 long walks along the country roads 8 she had time, and practiced her high notes there. Whenever she heard a car or a person 9 along the road, she stopped and waited 10 she could no longer be heard before she started practicing again, 11 she was a shy person, and because she was sensitive (敏感的) about those high notes.

  One afternoon, however, a fast, open car came up 12 her so silently and 13 fast that she did not hear it until it was only four yards from her. She 14 some of her highest and most 15 notes at the time, and as the car passed her, she saw 16 anxious expression suddenly come over 17 driver's face. He put on his brakes hard, and as soon as the car stopped, he jumped out and began to 18 all his tyres (轮胎) carefully.

  Mrs Jones did not dare to tell him 19 the noise he had heard had really been, so he got back into his car and drove off as 20 as he had been when he stopped.

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. A. voiceB. soundC. noiseD. throat

  2. A. feel B. look C. sound D. listen

  3. A. took B. caught C. brought D. held

  4. A. practices B. practiced C. to practice D. practice

  5. A. which B. where C. when D. there

  6. A. remain B. most C. all D. rest

  7. A. for B. out C. to D. of

  8. A. whenever B. when C. if D. until

  9. A. come B. coming C. to come D. came

  10. A. before B. for C. after D. until

  11. A. since B. as C. for D. because

  12. A. beside B. behind C. before D. after

  13. A. very B. rather C. quite D. so

  14. A. sang B. had been singing

  C. was singing D. has been singing

  15. A. easy B. beautiful C. difficult D. high

  16. A. an B. a C. the D. this

  17. A. her B. his C. its D. their

  18. A. look B. repair C. mend D. examine

  19. A. that B. what C. which D. when

  20. A. puzzled B. puzzling C. excited D. exciting

  难句注释

  ①high notes高音

  ②a gate which someone had forgotten to oil

  一扇忘了擦油的门

  Passage A

  本文围绕“Wheres God?”,将孩子在牧师面前的表现描写得十分幽默。

  1. C. 根据第一段可知孩子们很调皮,哪里有麻烦哪里就有他们。

  2. D. 由第二段最后一句话,我们可以推断出,“牧师想一个一个地谈”。

  3. D. 从文章第一段可知。

  4. A. 阅读完全文,我们知道牧师是想教育孩子。

  Passage B

  本文主要描述了George加入空军,即将成为一名飞行员的故事。飞行使每个人都感到紧张,George也不例外。

  1. B. 由第二段最后一句话可获知答案。

  2. C. 根据第二段第一句得知答案。

  3. D. 根据文章最后一段可得知军官的想法。

  Passage C

  本文通过对一位地理老师的描述,把师生的幽默性格呈现在读者眼前。

  1. D. 由第三段最后一句话可得知答案。

  2. B. 本文二、三两段中有提示。

  3. A. 根据文章的描述,我们了解到这位女学生是位很优秀的学生。

  Passage D

  本文主要描写了Mrs Jones一次练唱高音的经历。

  1. A. 文章第一句说她喜欢唱歌,voice指“嗓音”。

  2. C. sound like意为“听起来像……”。

  3. A. take opportunity是“利用机会”的意思。

  4. C. 固定搭配。

  5. B. where引导非限制性定语从句。

  6. D. the rest指家庭的其他成员。

  7. A. go for a walk。

  8. A. whenever指“无论何时”。

  9. B. coming现在分词作heard的宾语补足语。

  10. D. until“直到……才”引导时间状语从句。

  11. D. 由下句的并列结构得知。

  12. B. 因为下文文意显示,只有汽车从她后面开过来,她才能看到汽车司机所发生的一切。

  13. D. so...that...句型。

  14. C. 由语境可以得知。

  15. C. 由上文可以推断出她所练的高音是很难的。

  16. A. 司机的脸上出现了一副焦急的表情。

  17. C. 指汽车的司机,所以用its。

  18. D. 检查车胎情况。

  19. B. what引导宾语从句。

  20. A. 司机以为是车胎爆了,但下车检查车胎没问题,所以显出迷惑不解的样子。

  1. They were always getting into trouble. 他们总是惹麻烦。(Line 1, Passage A)

  动词短语get into trouble 是“惹麻烦”的意思。英语中有很多和trouble有关的短语,常见的有:

  ask for trouble 自讨苦吃be in troubles with 和……闹纠纷

  borrow trouble 自寻苦恼; 杞人忧天get out of trouble (使)摆脱困境

  have trouble with 有……病痛make trouble 闹事; 捣乱

  put sb. to (the) trouble 给某人添麻烦

  save oneself the trouble (of) 省掉麻烦

  2. The war had begun, and George had joined the air force. 战争开始了,乔治加入了空军。(Line 1, Passage B)

  This time Ted joined happily in the classs loud laughter. 这一次,泰德高兴地加入全班的哄笑之中。 (Last line,Passage C)

  动词join 用作“加入(组织、团体)”讲时,是及物的;用作“参加(活动)”讲时,是不及物的,要用in来搭配。如:

  He joined the club last year. 他去年成为这个俱乐部的会员。

  Everyone joined in the game. 每个人都参加了游戏。

  短语动词take part in 也可用来表示“参与;参加(活动)”如:

  If one wants knowledge of science, one must take part in scientific experiments oneself. 要想获得科学知识,就得亲自参加科学实验。


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