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unit 21 Body language

http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/11 10:55 新浪教育

　　抓关键词

　　在阅读中若能很好地理解中心句，那么对文章中围绕中心句的解释、举例部分，只要抓住关键词快速浏览就可以了，对于生僻的词(尤其是人名地名)，若时间不够就放过。关键词往往在道理的阐述、人物的刻画、气氛的渲染中起着关键作用，因而应准确地抓住它们。

　　寻找关键词语的一般顺序为：问句主语中的名词→谓语动词(通常是行为动词)→宾语部分的名词。我们应首先将注意力集中在理解题上，将每个问题中的1-3个关键词标出来，然后将这几个关键词当作答案标示牌，通过快速扫描，在文章中查找与之相同、相近或相关的词语，我们就可直接、快速地找出与其相匹配的正确答案。

　　Passage A

　　阅读理解

　　Everybody knows that words can carry messages. People communicate with words. Books, magazines, TV and radio and films all help us to communicate with others. They all help us to know what is going on in the world① and what other people are thinking about.

　　Do you think you can communicate without words? A smile on your face shows you are happy or friendly. Tears in your eyes tell others that you are sad. When you put up your hand in class, the teacher knows you want to say something or ask a question. You shake your head, and people know you are saying “No”. You nod and people know you are saying “Yes”.

　　Other things can also carry messages. For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus to take. A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library. Signs on doors tell you where to go in or out. Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from them all the time? ②

　　People can communicate in many ways without words. For example, an artist can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, about the sea and many other things.

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A. It is a most popular way for man to communicate with words.

　　B. Words are the only way for man to communicate.

　　C. Using radio is one of the ways to communicate.

　　D. TV can help people know the world better.

　　2. Which of the following signs is usually used to show you the direction?

　　A. A picture.B. A number.

　　C. A kind of color. D. An arrow.

　　3. How does an artist often carry messages to people?

　　A. He writes articles.B. He gives reports.

　　C. He signs songs.D. He draws pictures.

　　难句注释

　　① They all help us to know what is going on in the world. 这一切都有助于我们了解世界上所发生的一切。go on 发生(相当于happen)。

　　Total words:214

　　Reading time:____

　　Reading speed: ____

　　② Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from them all the time? 在你的周围有许多标志，从这些标志中你可以获取信息，你注意过吗？

　　Passage B

　　阅读理解

　　Gestures are the “silent language” of every culture. We point fingers or move another part of the body to show what we want to say. It is important to know the body language of every country or we may be misunderstood.①

　　In the United States, people greet each other with a handshake in formal introduction. The handshake must be firm. If the handshake is weak, it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness. Friends may place a hand on the other's arm or shoulder. Some people, usually women, greet with a hug.

　　Space is important to Americans. When two people talk to each other, they usually stand two and half feet (69 centimeters) away and at an angle(角), so they are not facing each other directly. Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close. They will move back to have their space. If Americans touch another person by accident, they say, “Pardon me.” or “Excuse me.”

　　Americans like to look the other person in the eyes when they are talking. ② If you dont do so, it means you are bored, hiding something, or are not interested. But when you stare at someone, it is implite.

　　Learning a culture's body language is sometimes very difficult. If you don't know what to do, the safest thing to do is to smile.

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1. From the first paragraph we can know that____ .

　　A. gestures dont mean anything in a talk

　　B. gestures can help us to express our meaning

　　C. we can learn a language well without its body language

　　D. only American people can use gestures

　　2. If you stay in the United States, you should ____.

　　A. shake your friends hands all the time

　　B. shake your friends hands with your eyes looking up

　　C. greet your friends in a polite way

　　D. greet a girl friend by putting hands on her shoulders

　　3. In the United States, people often ____ .

　　A. show their friendship by touching each other

　　B. show their friendship by glancing at each other

　　C. say “pardon me” to each other in a talk

　　D. get nervous when you stand too close to them

　　难句注释

　　① It is important to know the body language of every country or we may be misunderstood. 了解每个国家的肢体语言是很重要的，否

　　Total words:223

　　Reading time:____

　　Reading speed: ____

　　则在与不同文化背景的人交流的时候，我们可能会被误解。

　　② Americans like to look at the other person in the eyes when they are talking.

　　美国人喜欢在交谈时眼睛直视对方。

　　Passage C

　　阅读理解

　　People are talking about the “new economy”. It's very different from the “old economy”.

　　In the old economy, people travel to walk. They buy things in stores. They use the post office, the fax and the telephone to send information. They see people facetoface at their jobs or in stores. People get information from newspapers, radio, television, books and libraries.

　　In the new economy, people do business through the “net”, which is a connection of millions of computers everywhere in the world.① In the new economy, workers often work at home. They can get information online. They can communicate with employers and coworkers by email. Businesses have “virtual (虚拟的) stores”. They are websites on which customers can see the products. Businesses can sell to customers anywhere in the world.

　　In the new economy, people live a fast paced, convenient and colorful life.② The whole world develops more quickly than before. But the new economy is a double edge sword(双刃剑). Its disadvantage is also obvious. For example, the internet has led to a huge increase in creditcard (信用卡) cheating. Some illegal websites offer some cheap or banned (禁止的) goods or services. Online shoppers who enter their credit card information may never receive the goods they want to buy and their card information could even be for sale in an illegal website. So people in the new economy should be smarter and knowledgeable.

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1. The cause of the differences between the new economy and the old economy is____ .

　　A. the change of people's idea

　　B. the business people do

　　C. the use of the internet

　　D. the change of people's life

　　2. In the old economy, people can do the following things EXCEPT____ .

　　A. getting information from books

　　B. communicating with friends by telephone

　　C. meeting people face to face

　　D. shopping online

　　3. The underlined sentence in the passage means____ .

　　A. the new economy is as sharp as a sword

　　B. the new economy has advantages and disadvantages

　　C. the new economy is better than the old economy

　　D. both the new economy and the old economy have disadvantages

　　4. Which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. People can get all kinds of information on the internet.

　　B. Telephone, radio, television, newspapers and so on will disappear in the new economy.

　　C. People in the new economy should have high quality.

　　D. Life in the new economy is more comfortable than the one in the old economy.

　　难句注释

　　①In the new economy, people do business through the “net”, which is a connection of millions of computers everywhere in the

　　Total words:242

　　Reading time:____

　　Reading speed: ____

　　world. 在新经济时代，人们通过网络，即通过世界上数以万计的计算机连成的互联网，来进行贸易活动。

　　②In the new economy, people live a fast paced, convenient and colorful life.

　　在新经济时代，人们过着一种快节奏的、便捷的并且丰富多彩的生活。

　　Passage D

　　完形填空

　　Making friends is a skill. Like most skills, it 1 with practice. If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be willing to 2 some actions. ① You must first go where there are people. You wont make friends staying home 3 .

　　Join a club or group, talking with those who like the same things 4 you do is 5 easier. Or join someone 6 some activity.

　　Many people are 7 when talking to new people. 8 all, meeting strangers means 9 the unknown .②And it's human nature to feel a bit uncomfortable about the unknown.

　　10 our fears about dealing 11 new people come from doubts (怀疑) about ourselves. We imagine other people are 12 us findings too tall or too short, too this or too that. But dont forget that they must be feeling the same way. Try to accept yourself 13 you are, and try to put the other person at ease (不拘束) . Youll both feel more comfortable.

　　Try to 14 selfconfident (自信) even 15 you dont feel that way when you 16 a room full of strangers, such as a new classroom, walk tall and straight, look 17 at other people and smile.

　　If you see someone youd like to 18 , say something. Don't wait for the other person to start a conversation.

　　Just meeting someone 19 does not mean that you will make friends with that person. 20 is based on mutual (相互) liking and “give and take”. It takes time and effort to develop. And there are things that keep a new friendship from growing.

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1. A. producesB. improvesC. growsD. raises

　　2. A. take B. make C. doD. carry

　　3. A. lonely B. yourself C. aloneD. with yourself

　　4. A. as B. that C. whichD. what

　　5. A. very B. more C. muchD. quite

　　6. A. with B. in C. onD. to

　　7. A. nervous B. excited C. pressedD. worried

　　8. A. At B. For C. InD. After

　　9. A. touching B. facing C. gettingD. seeing

　　10. A. Many B. Some C. Some ofD. Most of

　　11. A. with B. to C. forD. on

　　12. A. talking B. saying C. judgingD. laughing at

　　13. A. like B. as C. whatD. that

　　14. A. make B. act as C. actD. express

　　15. A. when B. if C. asD. what

　　16. A. come to B. go to C. enterD. step to

　　17. A. upwards B. directly C. bravelyD. happily

　　18. A. speak to B. talk about C. say toD. call up

　　19. A. old B. young C. newD. little

　　20. A. Relation (关系) B. Friendship

　　C. ConnectionD. Feelings

　　难句注释

　　①You must be willing to take some actions.

　　你必须愿意采取行动。

　　②After all, meeting strangers means seeing the unknown.

　　毕竟，会见陌生人就意味着接触未知世界。定冠词和形容词连用，表示一类人或事物。

　　Passage A

　　本文主要讲述了除了文字可以传递信息之外，人们还使用其他一些方式来相互交流。

　　1.B. 我们知道，语言并不是人们相互进行交流的惟一的方式。

　　2.D. 根据常识，在日常生活中，通常用箭头来表示所指的方向。

　　3.D. 画家是通过用绘画这种艺术“语言”来表达自己对事物的思想感受的。

　　Passage B

　　本文讲述了相同的肢体语言在不同文化背景的国家有不同的意义。我们要了解其代表的不同意义，才能顺利地和他人交流。

　　1.B. 从第一段我们可以看出，手势可以帮助我们表达自己的思想，所以选B。

　　2.C. 通读全文可知，在美国礼貌是很重要的。

　　3.D. 美国人在交流时不喜欢靠得太近，所以选D。

　　Passage C

　　本文介绍了互联网为媒介的“新经济“及其优势和不足之处。

　　1.C. 从文中第二、三两段的理解，我们知道“新经济”是通过互联网实现的。

　　2.D. 从第二、三段知道旧经济时代不能进行网上购物。

　　3.B. 文中第四段，作者说“新经济是一把双刃剑”，接着说明它带来的负面影响。

　　4.B. 根据文章叙述和常识判断，尽管“新经济”有其不可替代的便利优势，但并不表明电话、收音机、电视机、报刊等的消逝。

　　Passage D

　　交友也需要技巧，本文讲述了如何与他人展开友谊的一些方法。

　　1. B. 此空需要一个不及物动词。交友如同大多数技巧一样随着实践而逐渐得到改进和提高。

　　2. A. 惟有take 可与 action 搭配，意为“采取措施”。

　　3. C. alone 为副词，意为“单独地；独自地”，用作状语。

　　4. A. the same...as 表示“同类的；相似的”。

　　5. C. 惟有此选项可以修饰比较级。

　　6. B. join sb. in (doing) sth. 意为“参与到某些人当中做某事”。

　　7. A. 许多人跟陌生人讲话时，心情是紧张的。

　　8. D. after all意为“毕竟”；at all意为“全然；完全”；in all意为“总共”；for all意为“尽管；虽然”。

　　9. D. 从语法上看四个选项都可填入。但只有选项D填入后使句意通顺。

　　10. D. 选项A、B不可接our fears，C项虽然可填入，但不合情理。

　　11. A. 只有选项A可与deal 搭配。

　　12. C. 选项A、B 不能直接接us。 laugh at sb. 意为“嘲笑某人”。故应取“判断(judge)”之意。

　　13. B. as引出一方式状语。

　　14. C. 选项B意为“充当；担任”。act selfconfident 意为“做出自信的行动来”。

　　15. B. even if = even though, 意为“即使”。

　　16. C. enter 为及物动词，相当于come into, go into 或step into。

　　17. B. 此处意为直接地看着别人。

　　18. A. speak to sb. 表示说话这一动作。say需要说话的内容；call up sb.意为“给某人打电话”；talk about sb. 意为“谈论某人”。显然选项A符合本文情境。

　　19. C. 此处显然指陌生人，当然应用new 作后置定语。

　　20. B. 本文谈的是交朋友，当然应该与友谊一词相对应。

　　1. They all help us to know what is going on in the world. 这一切都有助于我们了解世界上所发生的一切。(Line 3, Passage A)

　　动词短语go on 意思比较多，常见的有：

　　(1)继续：If you go on like this, youll make big mistakes some day. 如果你继续这样下去，势必有一天要犯大错误。

　　(2)(事件)的发生: Whats going on here? 这里发生了什么事？

　　(3) (时间) 经过: As the days went on, it grew colder. 日子一天天过去，天气就愈来愈冷。

　　(4)(电灯)亮: The lights went on suddenly. 突然灯亮了。

　　其他还有：go on a journey 去旅行，go on a visit 去参观，go on strike 开始罢工等。

　　2. People can communicate in many ways without words. 除了语言之外，人们可以用其他许多方法交流。(Line 20, Passage A)

　　词组in many ways 意为“用许多方法”。类似的词组还有in this way “用这种方法”(还可以说成by this means; with this method)。

　　不同的介词和way搭配，有不同的意思，常见的有：

　　by the way 顺便说一下in a way 在某种程度上

　　in any way 不管怎样all the way一直；从头到尾

　　on ones way 在……途中in no way 决不

　　under way 在进行中in the way 挡道；妨碍别人

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