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Unit 1 In the library
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/13 10:02  新浪教育

  关于阅读理解

  阅读是一种书面交际形式。阅读理解是指通过认识语言形式与结构而获取全部文字信息的过程。阅读理解侧重于综合测试,它不仅考查学生综合运用英语知识进行阅读的能力,而且还考查学生运用所学英语知识进行分析、判断及推理的能力。此外,学生还需要具备一定的语言背景知识、科普知识及生活常识,并且具备驾驭这些知识的能力。英语基础知识的深化与阅读能力的提高是相互促进、相辅相成的。

  新课标对初中生英语阅读的要求。

  1.能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义;

  2.能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系;

  3.能找出文章的主题,理解故事的情节,预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局;

  4.能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料;

  5.能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息;

  6.能利用字典等工具书进行学习;

  7.除教材外,课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上。

  Passage 1

  一、阅读理解

  In England every town has a public library and there are branch libraries in many villages.Anyone may borrow books, and people that borrow them can pay nothing.In some places you may borrow as many books as you want,but in others you are limited to a certain number of books including some novels. You may keep the books for several weeks so that you can have enough time to finish all the books youve borrowed.

  The latest novels are always in great need, and nonfiction (非小说) books, such as books on history,driving,science and gardening, are wellloved, too.

  If the books you need are out, you may ask for them to be kept for you when others return them, and if you pay the cost of sending a postcard, the librarian will let you know when the books are back and are ready for you.

  Most public libraries also have a readingroom and a reference library.In the readingroom there are tables and desks at which you can sit and read the daily newspapers and all the other important periodicals(the weeklies, the monthlies and the quarterlies).In the reference library there are encyclopedias (百科全书), dictionaries, books of maps and other useful books.But you can only use these books there.You can't take them out.

  ①In some places you may borrow as many books as you want, but in others you are limited to a certain number of books including some novels.在一些地方你可以尽可能多地借你需要的书,但在其他地方你只能借包括小说在内的一定数量的书。

  ②The latest novels are always in great need, and nonfiction books, such as books on history, driving, science and gardening, are wellloved, too.新出版的小说总是很受读者青睐,非小说类书籍诸如关于历史、驾驶、科学和园艺方面的书也很受欢迎。

  根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

  1.When someone borrows books at some villages in England,____.

  A.he may pay some money to borrow them

  B.he only have to pay a little money to borrow

  C.he may pay almost no money

  D.he don't have to pay any money to borrow them

  2.The word “periodicals”may have the same meaning as____.

  A.newspaper

  B.newly published books

  C.magazines

  D.dictionaries

  3.Encyclopedias belong to (属于)____.

  A.books of maps

  B.periodicals

  C.nonfiction books

  D.the latest novels

  4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

  A.In all the libraries of England you can borrow as many books as you want.

  B.People like to read the new novels best.

  C.You can read dictionaries in the readingroom.

  D.You can take several books out of the reference room.

  5.The best title (题目) of this passage is____.

  A.The Libraries in England

  B.How to Borrow Books in England

  C.The Most Popular Books

  D.The Best Libraries in England

  Passage 2

  二、阅读理解

  Henry wants to borrow a book from the library.He comes to the library with his classmates.They can't see any assistant (管理员) in it, but only some robots(机器人) standing there.Henry says to the robot,“Hey, give me a book on music.” But the robot doesn't move.Then another student tells Henry,“You must say‘Excuse me’ and‘please’ first when you want some help.”Henry does so and the robot brings the book.But Henry can't get the book from the robot's hands. He thinks for a moment, then he says a word to the robot.The robot gives him the book.Henry gets the book and goes home happily.

  ①But Henry cant get the book from the robots hands.

  但是亨利不能从机器人手里拿到书。

  根据短文内容,判断下列各句正(T)误(F)。

  1.There is no assistant in this library.()

  2.Henry wants to listen to music in the library.()

  3.The robot doesn't move first because it's broken.()

  4.Teachers and robots work in the library.()

  5.Henry may say“Thanks” when he wants to get the book from the robot.()

  Passage 3

  三、阅读理解

  Mr Smith was in trouble those days.He drove a car for Mr Black, a rich businessman.He worked hard and the shopkeeper liked him.But he couldn't work when he drank too much.And once he almost fell into the river when he drove along the bridge.Mr Black became angry and was going to send him away. He had a big family and was afraid of it and promised (许诺) he would stop drinking at once.The man told him to wait to be dealt with (处置).

  One Monday morning Mr Smith came into the office with two badly burnt ears.

  “What happened to your ears?”asked Mr Black.

  “Well,”said the man.“I went to watch a football match yesterday while my wife was ironing (熨) clothes.She had put the iron (熨斗) near the telephone before she went to cook supper.Our team lost the game and I felt sorry for it.As soon as I went into the sittingroom, the phone rang and I answered the iron!”

  “And what happened to the other ear?”

  “When I put the iron down on the table, the telephone rang again!”

  ①Mr Black became angry and was going to send him away.布莱克先生很生气并想解雇他。

  ②He had a big family and was afraid of it and promised he would stop drinking at once.

  他有一大家人(要养活),他害怕被解雇,因此许诺立刻戒酒。

  根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

  1.____, so he almost drove the car into the river.

  A.Mr Smith was not careful

  B.Mr Smith drank too much

  C.Mr Smith forgot they were on the bridge

  D.Mr Smith couldn't work in the evening

  2.Mr Smith went to watch the football match on____.

  A.Monday

  B.Tuesday

  C.Saturday

  D.Sunday

  3.We can guess____.

  A.Mr Smith drank much after the match

  B.Mr Smith was angry with his team

  C.Mr Smith didn't drink those days

  D.Mr Smith watched the match at home

  4.The____ badly burned Mr Smiths ears.

  A.telephone

  B.drinking

  C.iron

  D.irons

  5.What would happen to Mr Smith?

  A.He would go on driving for Mr Black.

  B.He would join his football team.

  C.He would never watch any match.

  D.Mr Black would send him away.

  Passage 4

  四、完形填空

  Once, a king showed two men a large basket in the garden.He told them to fill it with water from a well.After they1their work, he left them, saying, “When the sun is down, I will come and see your work.”

  At last one of them said, “Whats the use of doing this foolish (愚蠢的) work? We can2fill the basket.”3man answered, “That is none of your business.”The first man said,“You may do as you like, but I am going to work at4so foolish.”He5his bucket (桶) and went away.The other man said no word, and kept on carrying6.At last the well was almost7.

  As he poured (倒) the last bucket of water into the basket, he saw a bright thing in it.He picked it up.It was a beautiful gold ring (金戒指).Just then the king came.8he saw the ring,he knew that he had found the kind of man he wanted.He told him to keep the ring for himself.“You9so well in this little thing,”he said,“10now I know I can believe you with many things.”

  根据短文内容,选择能填入空白处的最佳答案。

  1.A.finished

  B.did

  C.began

  D.had

  2.A.ever

  B.never

  C.easily

  D.no

  3.A.The other

  B.Another

  C.One

  D.A second

  4.A.anything

  B.something

  C.nothing

  D.everything

  5.A.picked up

  B.put away

  C.look away

  D.threw down

  6.A.water

  B.basket

  C.well

  D.work

  7.A.full

  B.empty

  C.filled

  D.clean

  8.A.While

  B.As soon as

  C.Before

  D.Since

  9.A.have done

  B.will do

  C.do

  D.are doing

  10.A.what

  B.why

  C.when

  D.that

  Passage 1

  本文介绍了英国城镇和乡村图书馆的一些情况。

  1.D。由“…and people that borrow them can pay nothing.”可知人们借书时不必付钱。

  2.C。由上下文的情景,尤其是括号内的注释(周刊、月刊、季刊),可以推断出periodicals的意思是“杂志”。

  3.C。百科全书属于非小说类的图书。

  4.B。由文中 “The latest novels are always in great need…”可知B正确。

  5.A。纵观整篇文章可知,本文主要介绍了英国的城镇和乡村图书馆,故最佳题目应选A。

  Passage 2

  本文讲述了在机器人管理的图书馆借书时,应该对机器人讲礼貌的情形。

  1.T。由“They can't see any assistant in it …”可知此句正确。

  2.F。由“Hey, give me a book on music.”可知亨利想借关于音乐方面的书,而不是想在图书馆听音乐。

  3.F。由下文可知机器人没动是因为亨利对它没有用礼貌用语 “Excuse me” 和“please”,而不是机器人坏了。

  4.F。只有机器人在图书馆工作。

  5.T。由 “You must say‘Excuse me’and‘please’ first when you want some help.”可知亨利从机器人手里拿到书时需要说 “Thank you.”。

  Passage 3

  这是一篇幽默小品文,记叙了史密斯先生因贪杯而失去工作的经过,尤其是他在酒后误把熨斗当作电话灼伤了自己的两只耳朵,读罢令人啼笑皆非。

  1.B。由第一段第四句“But he couldn't work when he drank too much.”以及接下来的第五句可知,史密斯先生因为饮酒过量,差一点儿把小汽车从桥上开到河里去。

  2.D。由“One Monday morning Mr Smith came into the office with two badly bunt ears.”以及“I went to watch a football match yesterday…”可知史密斯先生是在星期天看的足球赛。

  3.A。由史密斯先生看完球赛后误把熨斗当作电话,可以猜想到他又犯了贪杯的老毛病。

  天网恢恢,疏而不漏。Justice has long arms.

  近朱者赤,近墨者黑。Keep good men company and you shall be of the number.

  4.C。当然是同一个电熨斗灼伤了史密斯先生的耳朵。

  5.D。根据文中史密斯先生酒后差一点儿将小汽车掉进河里,布莱克先生想解雇他,他许诺立刻戒酒,后来他再次饮酒灼伤自己的耳朵,可以推断布莱克先生从自身的安全考虑,不会让他再为自己开车了。

  Passage 4

  本文讲述了一个忠厚老实的人通过自己踏踏实实地做事,最终赢得了国王的信任的事。

  1.C。根据上下文的情景可知,国王在这两个人开始按他的吩咐工作后,离开了那儿。

  2.B。由第一个人所说的第一句话可知,他认为国王让他们用井水装满篮子是愚蠢的,不可能用井水装满篮子。

  3.A。the other 表示“两者中的另一者”。

  4.C。第一个人将不干任何他认为愚蠢的事情。

  5.D。由第一个人所说的话可知他不愿再提水往篮子里装了,所以他扔下(threw down)水桶离去了。

  6.A。另一个人却老实地继续提水。

  7.B。因为他连续不断地提水,所以最后井里的水几乎被提完了。

  8.B。as soon as 意为“一……就……”。国王一看到这个戒指就知道他已找到了他想找的那种诚实可靠的人。

  9.A。此处根据句意,需用现在完成时。

  10.D。so…that意为“如此……以致于……”,引导结果状语从句。

  1. Anyone may borrow books, and people that borrow them can pay nothing.任何人都可以借书,并且借书的人不必付钱。(Line2,Passage 1)

  take, spend, pay与cost都有“花费”的意思,但是它们的基本句型各不相同:

  take侧重于花费时间,基本句型为It takes sb.some time to do sth.。例如:

  It took them a week to finish the hard work.完成这项艰巨的工作花了他们一周的时间。

  spend侧重于花费时间或金钱,基本句型为sb.spend some time/money on sth./(in) doing sth.。例如:

  I spent half an hour (in) writing the new words.我花了半个小时写这些新单词。

  Tom spent forty yuan on the dictionary.汤姆花了四十元钱买这本词典。

  pay侧重于花费金钱,基本句型为sb.pay some money for sth.。例如:

  She paid much money for the clothes.她花了许多钱买衣服。

  cost侧重于花费金钱,主语只能为物,基本句型为 sth.cost sb.some money.。例如:

  The computer cost him 5,000 yuan.他花了5,000元买电脑。

  2. Henry wants to borrow a book from the library.亨利想从图书馆借一本书。(Line 1, Passage 2)

  borrow意为“借入”,常构成短语borrow sth.from sb./sth.表示“从某人/某处借某物”;lend意为“借出”,常构成短语lend sb.sth.或lend sth.to sb.表示“借给某人某物”。例如:

  He borrowed a pen from Lucy.他从露西那儿借了一支钢笔。

  I lent her some money.(=I lent some money to her.) 我借给了她一些钱。


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