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Unit 8 Merry Christmas

http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/13 10:12 新浪教育

　　阅读理解答题步骤与方法(一)

　　1.先看题干，带着问题读文章。

　　即先看试题，再读文章。阅读题干，首先，分清问题的类型，是客观信息题还是主观判断题。其次，要了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、分析、对比，确定正确答案。

　　2.速读全文，了解大意和主题。

　　抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。当然也有些文章没有主题句，需要读者自己去归纳。

　　3.详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。

　　作者为文，有脉可循。详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果、人物等为线索，找出关键词语，运用“画图列表法”，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。

　　Passage 1

　　一、阅读理解

　　There was once a man whose name was Clarke.He had a kind heart.He was always ready to help others and to share (分享) with them anything that he had.① He gave away so much to the poor that he was always poor himself.

　　He was sometimes called Doctor Clarke, for he had studied medicine.

　　One day a poor woman asked Doctor Clarke to go and see her husband, who was very ill and could not eat.

　　Clarke did so.He found that the family was in great need.The man had not had work for a long time, but he was not ill.He was hungry because there was no food in the house.

　　“Call at my room this evening,” said Clarke to the woman, “I will give you some medicine for your husband.”

　　In the evening the woman called, Clarke gave her a little paper box that was very heavy.

　　“Here is the medicine,” he said.“Take it and it will be good for your husbands health. But don't open the box until you get home.”②

　　“What are the instructions for taking it?” asked the woman.

　　“You will find them inside the box.” he answered.

　　When the woman reached her home, she sat down by her husband's side, and they opened the box.It was full of pieces of money.And on the top were the instructions:

　　“TO BE TAKEN WHEN NECESSARY(必要的).”

　　Clarke had given them all the ready money that he had.

　　①He was always ready to help others and to share with them anything that he had.他总是乐于帮助其他人，与他们一起分享他所拥有的任何东西。

　　②Take it and it will be good for your husband's health.But don't open the box until you get home.服下药会对你丈夫的健康有益，但是要在你到家后才能打开这个盒子。

　　根据短文内容填空，每空一词。

　　Doctor Clarke was a1man.He was always ready to help the poor.He always gave his2money or things to the others, so he was as3as them.

　　One day a woman4him that her husband was5badly ill6he could not eat.But the doctor found that the poor man was not ill7hungry, so he said that he would give him some medicine in the8.When the poor woman brought home the box which the doctor gave her and opened it, she found it was9with money.The doctor had given them all10ready money.

　　Passage 2

　　二、阅读理解

　　There is a oneday holiday in most countries on New Year's Day.The real celebrations (庆贺) for New Year happen on the night before—on New Year's Eve.① There are several interesting customs in the West, and there are many differences from country to country.

　　Though Christmas is a family gettogether, New Year for some is a time to be with friends too.Parties are most often held to welcome New Year.At such parties, there is food and drink and dancing until the time nears for the coming of New Year.

　　At midnight, people often say “Happy New Year”to each other.Champagne (香槟酒) is a favorite drink for New Year.In many western countries fireworks (烟火) are let off at midnight, and many people like to make a noise, possibly to drive away bad spirits (幽灵).②

　　One important song is often sung at New Year—the Scottish (苏格兰) song of Auld Lang Syne(good times long ago).

　　①The real celebrations for New Year happen on the night before—on New Year's Eve.真正的庆贺新年的活动，开始于新年前的那个晚上——新年前夕。

　　②In many western countries fireworks are let off at midnight, and many people like to make a noise, possibly to drive away bad spirits.在许多西方国家里，半夜允许放烟火，并且许多人喜欢吵闹，可能是为了赶走坏的幽灵吧。

　　根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

　　1.People usually have great celebrations for New Year on ____ .

　　A.New Year's Day

　　B.the night before New Year's Eve

　　C.the night of New Year's Day

　　D.the night before New Year's Day

　　2.In the West, New Year is also a time when ____ .

　　A.friends get together

　　B.friends write to each other

　　C.people can have a week's holiday

　　D.people can go from country to country

　　3.The word “customs”in the passage means ____ .

　　A.习俗

　　B.聚会

　　C.饮食

　　D.活动

　　4.At midnight on New Year's Eve, western people often ____ .

　　①hold parties to welcome New Year

　　②make a noise to drive away bad spirits

　　③drink with friends or families

　　④say “Happy New Year” to each other

　　⑤sing an important French song

　　⑥let off fireworks

　　A.①②③④

　　B.③④⑤⑥

　　C.②③④⑥

　　D.①②⑤⑥

　　5.This passage mainly talks about ____ .

　　A.western people drink together on New Year's Eve

　　B.what western people do on New Year's Day

　　C.how western people spend their New Year's Eve

　　D.western people have good time on New Year's Day

　　Passage 3

　　三、阅读理解

　　Different countries and different people have different manners (礼貌).We must find out their customs (习俗) so that they will not think us illmannered (不礼貌).Here are examples of the things that a person with good education does or does not do.①

　　If you visit a Chinese family, you should knock at the door.When the door opens, you will not move before the host(男主人)says“Come in, please”.After you enter the room,you would not sit down until the host asks you to take a seat.When a cup of tea is put on a tea table before you or sent to your hands, you will say “Thank you.” and receive it with two hands.Not one hand,or they will think you are illmannered.Before entering a house in Japan, it is a good manner to take off your shoes.In European countries, even though shoes sometimes become very dirty, this is not done.In a Malay house, a visitor never finishes the food on the table.He leaves a little to show that he has had enough.② In England, a visitor always finishes a drink or the food to show that he has enjoyed it.This will make the host pleasant.

　　①Here are examples of the things that a person with good education does or does not do.这儿有一些受过良好教育的人做或不做的事例。

　　②He leaves a little to show that he has had enough.他留下一点儿来表明他已吃饱了。

　　根据短文内容，简单回答下列问题。

　　1.Does the writer think it is necessary to know different customs in different countries?

　　______________________________________

　　2.When can you enter the room if you visit a friend in China?

　　______________________________________

　　3.In which country do you have to take off your shoes when you enter your host's house?

　　______________________________________

　　4.Why does a visitor always finish the food at dinner in his friend's home in England?

　　______________________________________

　　Passage 4

　　四、完形填空

　　Santa Claus (圣诞老人) is a very old man who is said to live at the North Pole (北极).He is really fat, always1red, and loves to laugh.He works hard all the year round to make presents and brings them to children at Christmas.

　　2Christmas Eve, the night before Christmas, always after the children have gone to bed, he3every house.He always comes down the chimney and puts the4under the Christmas tree where the children will find them the next5.Many children6some food out for him because he is working so hard that he might get7.Nobody knows how Santa Claus is able to8all those houses in just9evening.Nobody knows how he is able to get down all those chimneys after all he is quite fat.

　　Is there really such an old nice man at the North Pole? Maybe not.But every time you give people a present just because you love them, and every time you do a kind thing and every time you say a nice10, then you know that Santa Claus really exists (存在).He is right there within (在……里面) us all.

　　根据短文内容，选择能填入空白处的最佳答案。

　　1.A.with

　　B.in

　　C.on

　　D.at

　　2.A.At

　　B.In

　　C.On

　　D.For

　　3.A.comes

　　B.goes

　　C.arrives

　　D.visits

　　4.A.lights

　　B.flowers

　　C.food

　　D.presents

　　5.A.morning

　　B.day

　　C.afternoon

　　D.evening

　　6.A.make

　　B.cook

　　C.leave

　　D.give

　　7.A.tired

　　B.happy

　　C.hungry

　　D.sad

　　8.A.reach

　　B.arrive

　　C.gets to

　　D.reach to

　　9.A.one

　　B.the

　　C.every

　　D.each

　　10.A.something

　　B.word

　　C.hello

　　D.language

　　Passage 1

　　本文记叙了医生Clarke乐于助人的事迹。有一次，一位贫穷的妇女去找他为她的丈夫治病，他发现这个男人的“病”是因为家里没有食物而挨饿所致，并非真的生病，他把一盒子钱送给了他，反映了他善良而又慷慨的高贵品质。

　　1.kindhearted。原文第一段第二句“He had a kind heart.”的意思是“他有一颗善良的心。”，此句意思相当于“He was a kindhearted man.”。

　　2.own。原文第一段第三句意思是“他经常帮助别人，并与他们分享他所拥有的任何东西”。因此，此题用own (自己的)填空，该句意思是“他总是把自己的钱或东西给别人……”。

　　3.poor。原文第一段最后一句话意思是“他给穷人们太多的钱，以致他自己也总是很穷。”因此，此空填poor。

　　4.told。从原文第三自然段得知，一位穷女人的丈夫病得很重而且不能吃东西了，所以她请Clarke大夫去给她丈夫看病。此处用told填空，表示向某人叙述一件事。

　　5.so。此空so与第六个空that搭配，表示“如此……以致于”。

　　6.that。请见上文解析。

　　7.but。not…but…表示“不是……而是……”，故此空填but。

　　8.evening。Clarke给那位女人的丈夫看过病以后，嘱咐她晚上到他家去取药，故此空填evening。

　　9.filled。原文中“be full of”意思同缩写文中的“be filled with”，都表示“装满……”。

　　10.his。原文最后一句中“…all the ready money that he had”的意思是“他家中所有的钱”，与缩写文中“all his ready money”的意思相同。

　　Passage 2

　　言为心声。Ones words reflect one's thinking.

　　竹篮子打水一场空。Pour water into a sieve.

　　本文介绍了西方人新年前夕的一些庆祝活动、风俗习惯。

　　1.D。由第一段第二句可知：人们通常在新年前的夜晚举行庆贺活动，即新年前夕。

　　2.A。由第二段第一句可知：新年是一个家庭、朋友聚会的时间。

　　3.A。由下文的情景可推断出。

　　4.C。由第三段可知②③④⑥陈述的正确。

　　5.C。综合全文可知，本文主要谈论了西方人是怎样度过新年前夕的。

　　Passage 3

　　本文主要通过一些生活实例讲述了不同的国家和不同的人们有不同的风俗和礼貌。

　　1.Yes./Yes, he/she does.由第一段第二句可知。

　　2.After/When the host says“Come in, please.”/After/When the host tells me to come in.由第二段第二句可知。

　　3.In Japan.由第二段中的句子“Before entering a house in Japan, it is a good manner to take off your shoes.” 可知。

　　4.Because he wants to show that he likes /enjoys the food.由第二段倒数第二句可知。

　　Passage 4

　　本文主要介绍了传说中的圣诞老人的一些情况。

　　1.B。in表示“穿着……；戴着……”。因此，in red表示“穿着红色的衣服”。

　　2.C。on介词，用于特定之日前。在表示特定之日的“上午”、“下午”及“夜里”都需用on。因此，“Christmas Eve” (圣诞平安夜)前应用on。

　　3.D。选项A和选项B中的两个单词后接地点时应加介词to;选项C中的arrive后接地点时应加介词in或at，故排除这三个选项。visit后接地点，表示“去参观……”，所以，本题答案选D。

　　4.D。圣诞老人在圣诞平安夜到每家给人们送礼物，所以，此空应填presents。

　　5.A。按习俗圣诞礼物应在圣诞节的清晨打开，故此空选A。

　　6.C。选项A、B、D与原文意思不符，此处填leave意思是给圣诞老人留些食物在外边，因孩子们怕他工作太辛苦而挨饿。

　　7.C。参见第6题解释。

　　8.A。此题中表示“到达”之意只有选项A和选项C是正确的，因be able to后接动词原形，所以选项A正确。

　　9.A。因圣诞老人只有在圣诞平安夜才到每家给人们送礼物，所以该空应填one与evening一起，表示“在一个晚上”。

　　10.B。因此空前有不定冠词a，所以应填名词。故排除选项A，选项C和D与文章意思不符，所以，此题答案应是B。

　　1.He gave away so much to the poor that he was always poor himself.他救济给穷人那么多钱，所以他本人总是很穷。(Line 2， Passage 1)

　　poor, rich, old, young, blind等形容词前加the常表示一类人，在句中作主语时，谓语动词需用复数。例如：

　　The young are the hopes of our motherland in the future.年轻人是我们祖国未来的希望。

　　2.It was full of pieces of money.它(盒子)里面装满了成张的钱。(Line 19， Passage 1)

　　be full of…意为“装满；盛满……”，意思上相当于“be filled with…”。例如：

　　The bag is full of books.(=The bag is filled with books.)书包里装满了书。

　　3.We must find out their customs so that they will not think us illmannered.我们必须了解他们的习俗，以便于他们不会认为我们没有礼貌。(Line 1， Passage 3)

　　so that 意为“以便于；为了”，引导目的或结果状语从句，常与简单句in order to 或so as to 进行句型转换。例如：

　　I get up early so that I can catch the early bus.(改为简单句)→

　　I get up early in order to (=so as to) catch the early bus.

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