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Unit 15 What do people eat

http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/20 19:31 新浪教育

　　寻主题定中心(二)

　　寻找主题句：主题句有时也出现在段落的中间，但不一定在中间。有时候第一句并非主题句，而是承上启下的过渡句。在这种情况下，第二句往往变成了主题句。此外，主题句也可能是段落的倒数第二句。这种段落是从支撑细节开始，发展到结论(出现主题句)，当主题句出现后，又进一步用细节支撑说明，其安排顺序是：次要——重要——次要，主题句隐含在段意之中。有些段落较明显的主题句，其中心思想包含在各个句子中，这就要求我们依据已知的细节，归纳出段落的中心思想

　　Passage 1

　　阅读理解

　　People eat different things in different parts of the world.

　　In South China we eat rice every day. Sometimes we eat it two or three times a day, for breakfast, lunch and supper. We usually eat it with fish, meat and vegetables.

　　The Japanese eat rice, too. They also eat a lot of fish. They sometimes eat raw(生的)fish. In Africa, maize(玉米)is the most important food. People there make maize into flour(面粉). From this flour they make different kinds of bread and cakes.

　　In western countries such as Britain, Australia and the USA, the most important food is bread or potatoes. People there usually make their bread from wheat flour. They cook potatoes in different ways. In England the most popular food is fish and chips. Sometimes people eat this food at home, in their workplace, in the park or even on the road. People call it “takeaway” food.

　　根据短文内容回答下列问题。

　　1. This passage is about .

　　2.Who sometimes eat fish when it isnt cooked?

　　3. The most important food for African people is.

　　4. Is Australia called “a western country” ?

　　5. Do people eat “takeaway” food at home, on their way to school or in their offices?

　　Passage 2

　　阅读理解

　　The food my British friends eat in Britain is very different from our Chinese food. For example, they eat a lot of potatoes. They like to eat them every day. They eat bread for breakfast and usually for one other meal. They eat their bread with butter, cheese, or jam, things we dont eat much in China. Cheese and butter are made from milk. They drink a lot of milk, too. They drink the milk cold or hot, and they put it in their tea. They put sugar in their tea as well. They are the worlds biggest tea drinkers. They like Chinese tea, but they drink mostly strong black tea from India and Sri Lanka(斯里兰卡).①They dont eat much rice. For their main meal they like meat or fish with potatoes and one or two vegetables. They serve(供应) all these together. Later they always have something sweet. They call this dessert. They dont have Jiaozi in Britain.

　　难句注释

　　①but they drink mostly strong black tea from India and Sri Lanka(斯里兰卡).

　　他们主要喝来自印度和斯里兰卡的味道很浓的红茶。

　　根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)误(F)。

　　1.The Chinese food is the same as the British one.()

　　2. The British like to eat potatoes very much.()

　　3. Chinese like to eat cheese.()

　　4. They drink tea with milk in Britain.()

　　5. They eat meat or fish every day in Britain.()

　　Passage 3

　　阅读理解

　　In 1995，Ray Kroc visited a small restaurant in California.The owner of it was the Mc Donald(麦当劳)brothers. They built it by the road，so people could drive up to the restaurant，buy food without getting out of their cars and drive away easily.They called it “drivein”restaurant.

　　Ray Kroc saw the bright future of the restaurant of this kind.He bought the restaurant and used the brothers family name for his new restaurant.The first Mc Donald's restaurant chain(连锁店)was born.①

　　Now there are more than 5，000 restaurants in the United States and in 60 other countries.The largest Mc Donald's restaurant is in Beijing，China.It has 1,000 workers.About seven hundred people can sit and eat there at one time.

　　难句注释

　　①Ray Kroc saw the bright future of the restaurant of this kind.He bought the restaurant and used the brothers family name for his new restaurant.The first Mc Donalds restaurant chain(连锁店)was born.

　　Ray Kroc看到了这种饭店的辉煌前景。他购买了这家饭店，并用这对兄弟的姓作为新饭店的名字，第一家麦当劳连锁店诞生了。

　　阅读短文，然后根据短文内容选择正确答案。

　　1.Who opened the first Mc Donald's restaurant chain ？

　　A.Two brothers.B.Ray Kroc.

　　C.Two brothers father. D.People in Beijing.

　　2.How do you buy food in a “drivein”restaurant？

　　A.You dont have to get out of your car.

　　B.You have to get off your car.

　　C.You have to wait for a very long time.

　　D.You don't have to pay for your food.

　　3.Why did Ray Kroc buy the two brothers restaurant? Because ____ .

　　A.the two brothers were nice to him

　　B.it was a small restaurant

　　C.he wanted to make people happy

　　D.it would bring him a lot of money

　　4.Where can we find a Mc Donald's restaurant？

　　A.Only in America.

　　B.All over the world.

　　C.In many parts of the world.

　　D.Everywhere except 60 places.

　　5.How many people can sit and eat in the biggest Mc Donalds restaurant at one time？

　　A.About 60. B.About 700.

　　C.About 1，000.D.About 5，000.

　　Passage 4

　　完形填空

　　用方框内所给词的适当形式完成短文。

　　break,a,fan,and,give,report,bring,

　　thing,make,many,opposite,unlike,or

　　In (1) parts of the world ,many students help their schools (2) less pollution (污染).They join “environment(环境) clubs.”In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean.

　　Here are some (3) students often do.

　　Nogarbage(垃圾)lunches. How much do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to (4) their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and (5) them to the whole school!①

　　Nocar day.On a nocar day, nobody comes to school in a car—not the students and not the teachers! Cars (6) pollution to our air, so remember:

　　Walk, jump, hike (7) run.

　　Use your legs! Its lots of (8)!

　　Turn off the water! Did you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty m3 of water (9) hour?② In a year, that would fill a small river! In environment clubs, students mend those (10) toilets.

　　We love our environment. Let's work together to make it clean.

　　难句注释

　　①Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school!每周他们要选择一节清除垃

　　圾课，然后向全校汇报。

　　②Did you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty m3 of water an hour?

　　你们知道一些厕所一小时能浪费20—40立方米的水吗？

　　Passage 1

　　本文的中心话题是不同的国家所吃的食物是不同的。第二、三段介绍了中国、日本、非洲等国家人们的主食；第四自然段介绍了西方国家如美国的炸土豆条、英国的食物。

　　1. This passage is about food. 由本文第一句话即可判断出应填 food。

　　2. People in Japan. 见第三自然段“They sometimes eat raw fish.”

　　3. Maize. 根据句子“In Africa , maize is the most important food.”可知。

　　4. Yes, it is. 西方国家包括英国、美国、澳大利亚等，所以答案是肯定的。

　　5. Yes, they do. 根据 “Sometimes people eat this food at home ,in their work place, in the park...，”故答案是肯定的。

　　Passage 2

　　本文介绍了英国人的饮食习惯，并同我们中国人进行了对比，使我们进一步了解了异国风情。

　　1. F 由原文的第一句话可知本句是错误的。

　　2. T 由原文的“They eat a lot of potatoes”可知本句是正确的。

　　3. F 由原文可知本句与题意不符，因此是错误的。

　　4. T 由原文“They drink the milk cold or hot, and they put it in their tea”可知本句符合题意。

　　5. F 本句的大意是“他们每天吃肉和鱼”，显然与文章的内容不符。

　　Passage 3

　　本文讲述的是麦当劳连锁店的创始人Ray Kroc开店的经过以及今天辉煌的成就。给人们一个启示：凡事要有长远打算，这是成功的基础。

　　1. B 由第二自然段最后一句可以明显判断出。

　　2. A 句子中“buy food with out of their cars and drive away easily.” 可知可以不下车买到食品，所以A是正确的。

　　3. D 由于restaurant 给人们带来了方便，也带来了经济效益。

　　4. C 由最后自然段第一句话可以判断出。故答案选C。

　　5. B 第三自然段最后一个句子说明了此问题。

　　Passage 4

　　本文介绍了世界各地的大多数学校所建立的环境俱乐部是如何一起工作美化环境的。

　　1. most。由parts可知，其前应该是一个形容词来修饰，方框中的形容词只有many符合题意，所以要用其最高级形式，意为“大多数的”。

　　2. make。由句型help sb.do sth.可知，第二个空应填动词原形。方框中的动词只有make符合题意。make less pollution 意为“减少污染”。

　　3. things。第三个空由some可以推断出其后应该是名词或代词。方框中的名词只有thing符合句意，而且要用它的复数形式。

　　4. bring。通过句型ask sb. to do sth.来判断应用动词原形，方框中bring符合句意。

　　5. report。通过连词and 和代词them 来推断，此处应该是一个动词原形，and之后省略了they will ，方框中只有report符合句意，意为“汇报”。

　　6. give。通过句子结构来分析，第六个空所在的句子缺少一个谓语，方框中只有动词give符合句意。

　　7. or。第七个空应加一个并列连词or。

　　8. fun。 fun 是一个不可数名词，意为“乐趣”。

　　9. an。an 用于以元音开头的单词之前，意为“一个”或“每一个”。

　　10. broken。根据句意分析，只有坏了的东西才需要修理。

　　Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school !

　　每周他们要选择一节清除垃圾课，然后向全校汇报。(见 Line 7—8, Passage4)

　　本句中that make the least garbage修饰名词classes，叫作定语从句。定语从句中的谓语动词如果缺少主语，先行词为人时，就用关系代词who/that；先行词为物时，就用关系代词which/that。如：

　　The man who/that teaches us English is from Hainan province.

　　教我们英语的那个人来自海南。

　　The building which/that stands near the post office is a middle school.

　　矗立在邮局旁的建筑物是一所中学。

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