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Unit 16 What a good , kind girl

http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/20 19:32 新浪教育

　　归纳短文的中心思想

　　概括和归纳段落中心思想的最佳方法是略读。它是指人们以可能达到的最快速度所做的阅读，略读技巧如下：顺行快速向前移动眼睛，千万不要停顿或复视；把注意力集中在名词、动词、形容词、数词、副词等关键词上；遇到生词时尽量猜，猜不出的生词，可跳过去; 将关键词扩大为能够表达概念的词组，即意群，按意群进行阅读，然后筛选出最佳表达作者意图的关键词及其概念；最后对这些概念进行加工，即对已产生的概念，重新在头脑中编号，以确定作者在文章中反映的真正意图，即中心思想。总之，在阅读文章时，应抓住主题句，确定出中心思想，以求获得答题的准确性。

　　Passage 1

　　阅读理解

　　Mrs Green was eighty, but she had a small car, and she always drove to the shops on Saturday and bought her food.

　　She did not drive quickly, because she was old, but she drove well and never hit anything. sometimes her grandchildren said to her,“Please don't drive your car, Grandmother. We can take you to the shops.” But she always said,“No, I like driving. I've driven for 50 years and I'm not going to stop now.”①

　　Last Saturday she stopped her car at the traffic lights because they were red and then the car could not start again. The lights were green, then yellow, then red, then green again, but her car did not start. “What shall I do?” she said.

　　Then a policeman came and said to her kindly, “ Good morning, Madam. Don't you like any of our colours today?”

　　难句注释

　　①I've driven for 50 years and I'm not going to stop now.我已经开了50年车了，现在还不想停下来。

　　根据短文内容选择正确答案。

　　1.Which one is right?

　　A.Mrs Green liked one of the colours.

　　B.She drove for sixty years.

　　C.She did not like driving.

　　D.Last Saturday she stopped her car at the traffic lights.

　　2. Mrs Green said,“ What shall I do?” It means:

　　A.Mrs Green didn't see the traffic light.

　　B.She didn't know how to start her car then.

　　C.She forgot what she was doing.

　　D.She had nothing to do.

　　3. Her grandchildren didn't want her to drive because ____ .

　　A.she always drove quickly

　　B.she was very ill

　　C.she had not a car of her own

　　D.she was too old

　　4. Mrs Green liked driving because ____ .

　　A.she had a beaituflu car

　　B.she didn't like to stay at home

　　C.she never hit anything

　　D.she drove for 50 years

　　5. Which is right?

　　A.Mrs Green wasn't old at all.

　　B.Mrs Green could drive quickly.

　　C.She was too old to drive as well as before.

　　D.She always drove her red car.

　　Passage 2

　　阅读理解

　　Two Englishmen were in Boston for a visit. One morning they went out to look for a famous church, but they didn't know how to get there. They stopped a man and asked.

　　“Excuse me, can you tell us the way to the North Church?”

　　“Go three blocks and turn to your left.”he said, “You can't miss it.”

　　So the Englishmen walked three blocks and turned to their left, but they didn't see any church. They then asked a second man.

　　“Excuse me, but were trying to find the North Church.”

　　This one said,“Go three blocks and turn to your left.”

　　But again they couldn't find the church. In the end they asked a third man, “Excuse me, could you tell us how to get to the North Church, please?”

　　“Go three blocks and turn to your left. You can't miss it. ”

　　They walked three blocks and turned to their left for a third time. This time they found the church.

　　“Is everything in Boston three blocks and a left turn ?” they asked themselves.

　　Just then a man walked over to them.“Excuse me,”the man said, “Where is the East Park? Can you tell me?”

　　“Go three blocks and turn to your left.” one of Englishmen said, “You can't miss it.”

　　难句注释

　　“Is everything in Boston three blocks and a left turn ?”

　　“在波士顿到每个地方都是走三个街区，然后向左拐吗？”

　　阅读下列短文，然后回答问题。

　　1. Where were the two Englishmen going?

　　2. Did they know the way?

　　3. What did the first man tell them?

　　4. How many people did they ask the way?

　　5. Do you think the two Englishmen know the way to the East Park?

　　Passage 3

　　阅读理解

　　John lived with his mother in a very big house, and when she died, the house became too big for him. So he bought a smaller one in the next street. There was a very nice old clock in his first house, and when the man came to take his furniture(家具)to the new house, John thought, “I'm not going to let them carry my beautiful old clock in their truck. Perhaps theyll break it, and then mending it will be expensive.① ” So he himself picked it up and began to carry it down the road in his arms.

　　It was heavy, so he stopped two or three times to have a rest.

　　Suddenly a small boy came along the road. He stopped and looked at John for a few seconds. Then he said to John, “Youre a foolish man, aren't you? Why don't you buy a watch like everyone else?”

　　难句注释

　　①...and then mending it will be expensive.

　　那么修理钟表的费用将是很昂贵的。

　　根据短文内容缩写填空，每空一词。

　　John lived (1) with his mother (2) she died. But now he was (3).So he bought a smaller house. It (4) far away from his first house. His mother (5) him a very nice old clock. He thought it was not (6) to let the man carry it in the truck. If there was anything wrong, he would have to (7) much money on it. So he carried it himself in arms. A small boy (8) at him for he thought the foolish man just wanted to (9) the time. He made a (10).

　　Passage 4

　　根据短文意思，在空白处填入适当的词，使短文在结构和意义上完整。

　　Elizabeth Blackwell was (1) in England in 1821, and moved to New York city when she was ten years (2). One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle (3) the nineteen century. After writing many letters to medical schools, she was finally accepted(接受) by a doctor in Philadelphia. So determined was she that she taught school and gave music (4) to earn money for her school. ①

　　In 1849, after graduation (5) medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris. Upon returning to the United Stated, she (6) it difficult to start her own practice because she was a (7). By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, managed to(8) a new hospital, the first (9) woman and children. Besides being the first female physician(内科医生)and founding her own hospital, she (10) set up the first medical school for woman.

　　难句注释

　　①So determined was she, that she taught school and gave music lessons to earn money for her school. 她是如此下定决心，以致于她通过

　　在学校教书和给人上音乐课来挣钱，完成学业。

　　Passage 1

　　本文的大意是格林夫人虽年纪很大，但她的开车技术好，从来不开快车，经常开车出去买东西，然而，一天她的车在交通灯前启动不了，她不知所措。可见她是到了该休息的时候了。

　　1.D 由第三自然段第一句话，可知选择D答案。

　　2.B 由最后两段可以导出此道题的答案。

　　3.D 由第二自然段前三句话可推出此题的正确选项。

　　4.D 由第二自然段最后一行可知。

　　5.B 由此句表示她有能力开快车，但她没那样做。

　　Passage 2

　　不同的国家有不同的文化，不同的文化背景有不同的习俗。众所周知，在英国交通规则是左侧通行，如果在美国也这样的话，则会出现失之毫厘，谬以千里的局面。因此做事不要生搬硬套，要灵活。

　　1.They were going to a church. 由原文第一自然段的第二句话可知。

　　2.No, they didn't. 由原文第一自然段的第三句话可知。

　　3.Go three blocks and turn to your left. 由原文往上数第三行可知答案。

　　4.Three people. 通览全文可知，他们一共问了三个人。

　　5.No, I don't think so. 从本文的最后一句话可知，英国人的回答同上面的第一个人的答语相同，显然是不知道的。

　　Passage 3

　　本文描写了约翰搬家的故事，通过人物的刻画，表现了约翰爱财的本性和做事的谨慎态度。

　　1. together。由原文第一句话可知。“John lived with his mother in a very big house.”together是连词，意为“一起”。

　　2. before。由原文第一句话可知。before是连词意为“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。

　　3. alone。alone是形容词，意为“独自的；单独的”。本文be alone意为“独自一人”。

　　4. wasnt。由原文的第二句话可知。他在隔壁街道买了一栋较小的房子，离原来的住址是很近的；而be far away from 表示“离……遥远”。此句想表达“离……很近”，相当于“离……不远”，所以此空填wasnt。本句主语是it，应用was与其搭配使用。

　　5. left。是动词，意为“遗留下”，为leave的过去式。leave sb. sth.表示“把某物留下给某人”。原文的意思是说在他的第一栋房子里有一架好看的古钟，当然是他母亲死后留给他的。

　　6. safe。safe是形容词，意为“安全的”。原文意思是约翰担心别人搬钟会把它弄坏了，隐含的意思是钟会不安全的。一旦损坏之后，就要花费许多钱来修。

　　7. spend。sb. spends some money on sth.表示“某人花费……钱买某物”或“某人在……方面花费……钱”。原文的意思是一旦损坏了钟，修理它需要很多钱。spend是动词，意为“花费,需要”。

　　8. laughed。laugh at 表示“嘲笑某人或因某人而发笑”。laugh是动词，意为“大笑；笑”。

　　9. know。是及物动词，意为知道。know the time表示“掌握时间”。

　　10. mistake。 make a mistake表示“犯错误；弄错”。小男孩以为约翰是个傻子，实际上小男孩误解了约翰。

　　Passage 4

　　本文介绍了伊丽莎白·布莱尔威尔少年立志学医的不凡经历和开创自己事业的艰苦努力，讴歌了她为医学事业所做出的不可磨灭的巨大贡献。

　　1. born。be born意为“出生”。

　　2. old。years old意为“……岁的”。

　　3. of。in the middle of意为“在……的中间”。

　　4. lessons。give music lessons表示“上音乐课”。

　　5. from。graduation from...意为“从……毕业”。

　　6. found。find sth. +adj. 意为“发现某物(事)……”。

　　7. woman。是名词，意为“妇女；女人”，由上下文可知。

　　8. open。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”；open是动词，意为“建立；开设；创办”之意。

　　9. for。是介词，意为“为了”。

　　10. also。是副词，意为“还”，放在句中，位于实义动词前或放在辅助动词后。

　　1.I've driven for 50 years and I'm not going to stop now.我已经开了50年车了，现在还不想停下来。(见Line 6—7, Passage 1)

　　本句中的谓语动词是have driven，即“have +动词的过去分词”，这是现在完成时的基本结构，表示“过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去”，常与一个时间段连用。如：We have studied English for 3 years .我们已经学了三年英语了。

　　2. ...and then mending it will be expensive. ……修理钟表的费用将是很昂贵的。(见Line 5, Passage 3)

　　本句中的主语是doing(动名词)形式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Studying English is easy for me.对我来说学英语很简单。注意：动名词作主语也可换成to do 形式，上句则为：...and to mend it will be expensive.

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