四、写好扩展主体段

　　主体段的功能就是论证和说明文章在引言段中提出的中心思想.中心思想是作者自己的观点 ,只有通过具体的解释论证 ,才能让读者信服和接受.真正写出一篇思想表达清楚的文章,首先要写好主体段的主题句 (topic sentence).主题句一般位于主体段的段首,或在结尾处.在四、六级作文中一般提倡主题句放在段首,这样使段落中心思想一目了然.支持句用来说明主题句,通过不同的角度,用详尽的事实例证来深化主题或讨论问题,一般可使用以下几种方法展开:1. 用具体细节论证,如数字或举例;2. 以时间或空间顺序说明; 3. 用因果关系论证事件的过程; 4. 用比较或对比的方法论证……

　　不管使用何种方法来扩展段落,都必须始终紧扣主题.凡与主题句无关的内容都应删除,此外,还应注意,句子之间的连接与过渡,这一点对于文章的整体而言,非常重要.

　　五、结尾——画龙点睛

　　结尾是对所讨论问题做出解答或重申主题,好的结尾应前后照应,起到画龙点睛的作用,使文章浑然一体.

　　六、仔细检查修改

　　检查修改是整个作文过程中必不可少的一个环节.主要检查文章是否切题,段落展开是否充分,凡与主题无关的句子一律删除,遗漏的细节要增补上去.然后再检查有无语法方面的错误(如主谓一致、时态、语态、语气、倒装、平行结构、非谓语动词等).最后再检查标点、移行、大小写等是否正确.如果发现问题或错误,应尽快补救或修改,使文章更加完善.此外,还应做到书写工整,卷面整洁.

　　附录两篇四、六级范文:

　　(I) Television

　　Television presents a vivid world in front of us. From halfway around the world, television brings the crack of the gunfire from a war, the thick black smoke from a burning forest fire, and the cheers of thousands of football fans right into our homes.

　　Television can also play an educational role in our daily life. For example, TV college provides education far about two million Chinese people. The Outlook English Program helps people to learn English. Finally everyone can learn more news on TV every night.

　　However, television can also be harmful. If you don't sit for enough away from the TV set when you are watching it , you can damage your eyes. In addition, watching TV when you should be working, studying or exercising can make you fat, lazy and unproductive.

　　(II)The Tape Recorder

　　The tape recorder is one of the most welcome and popular electronic devices ever invented. Many people like it and use it, and wherever we go, in shops, schools or public places of entertainment, we can see and hear tape recorders being played.

　　This device is useful in many ways. It is not only widely used in our daily life but, it is an essential instrument for the young to learn foreign languages, for the old to listen to music or Peking Opera and for English teachers to make their classes lively and interesting.

　　However, it can also become a nuisance if we use it improperly. It will have a bad effect on ourselves or others if we play it for too long or too frequently. So we must make good use of it to promote our study and work.

　　(文/董晓波 　英语辅导报大学教师版04~05学年第8期;版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)