大学英语辅导:because 和for 是否可以互换 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/12/07 12:24 英语辅导报 |
because 和for 都可以表示原因,但because 和for不宜互换,它们的区别可以从三方面来说明: 1. 从性质上说,because是从属连词,连接原因状语从句;而for是并列连词,连接两个并列分句。 2. 从意义上说, because从句表示的是客观的、直接的原因;而for分句表示的只是主观推断的依据,例如: (1) It's going to rain, because the dark clouds are gathering and hanging lower and lower. 就要下雨了,因为乌云密布,而且越压越低了。 (2) It's going to rain, for my knee joints are aching. 就要下雨了,因为我的膝关节酸痛。 句(1)中的because引导的是原因状语从句,"乌云密布,越压越低"都是客观原因。句(2)中的for引导的是并列分句,"膝关节酸痛"决非导致下雨的直接原因,而仅仅是主观推断的依据。 3. 从句法上来说,第一、because引导的从句可以放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后;但是for引导的分句只可放在另一分句之后,例如: (1) She was so depressed because she failed the exam. 她很沮丧,因为她考试没及格。 也可改为句(2): (2) Because she failed the exam, she was so depressed. 但是,句(3)却不宜改为句(4): (3) She must be depressed, for she failed the exam. 她一定很沮丧,因为考试没及格。 (4) For she failed the exam, she must be depressed. 第二、because从句可以用于"It is (was)... that... "强调句型中;而for分句则不能,例如: It is because I work so hard that I was promoted last month. 我上个月得到提升是因为我努力工作。 第三、because可以引导表语从句,还可用副词来修饰,如 merely because, only because, simply because等;而for 分句不可用作表语,也不能用副词来修饰,例如: (1) It is chiefly because he is too impatient. 这主要是因为他太没有耐心的缘故。 (2) He was fired simply because he was too careless. 他被解雇就是因为太粗心。 但不可以说: (3) It is chiefly for he is too impatient. 从上述讲解中可以看出,because 和for 在性质、意义和句法上都是有区别的,虽然它们的区别在口语中经常被忽视,但在规范学习中我们还是应该掌握它们的正确用法,了解它们的确切含义。 (文/杨燕;英语辅导报 大学二年级版 04~05学年第10期; 版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |