1. 's (=is, has)

　　Who's that tall man? 那个高个子男人是谁？

　　She's got a cold. 她感冒了。

　　He's been to Beijing twice. 他到过北京两次。

　　2. 'm (=am)

　　I'm on duty today. 今天我值日。

　　I'm ready for the birthday party. 我在为生日聚会作准备。

　　3. 've (=have)

　　I've got to go to work now. 我现在得上班了。

　　They've been working in the factory. 他们一直在工厂工作。

　　4. 'll (=shall, will)

　　I'll go to Beijing to visit you. 我将去北京拜访你。

　　5. 'd (=would, should, had)

　　I'd like to go fishing with you. 我想和你一起去钓鱼。

　　You'd better finish doing your homework tonight. 你最好今晚完成家庭作业。

　　6. n't (=not)

　　They have a new computer, haven't they? 他们有一台新电脑，是吗？

　　You needn't pick apples this afternoon. 今天下午你们不必摘苹果。

　　She isn't a teacher, she is a doctor. 她不是老师，她是一名医生。

　　(文/陆卫东；英语辅导报小学教师版04~05学年第16期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)