教师教学参考:中考单项选择题解体方法例说 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/02/04 16:02 英语辅导报 |
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一、仔细观察,透过表面抓关键。有些题目从字面上看不出解题的根据,但通过仔细观察和分析,问题就会自然而然变得清楚明了。例如: 【考例1】—________my glasses? —Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago. A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen 【点拨】解答此题应注意谈话双方各自的侧重点。不难看出,问话人强调的是现在的结果,而答话人只单纯谈及过去的动作。通过这样分析,就可找出正确答案应该是D。 二、瞻前顾后,题意了解要全面。在解题时,切忌一点盖面、首尾脱离,要做到前后照应、综合考虑。例如: 【考例1】 Peter ______ come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. will 【点拨】只看前一分句,四个选项都对,看了后一分句“但他还不十分肯定”可知前面句子表达的是一种可能性,答案是B。 【考例2】—Your phone number again? I ________ quite catch you. —It's 956844. A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't 【点拨】关键信息词是again,它说明电话号码已说过一遍了,因“I”没有听清,要求对方重说一遍,没有听清的动作发生过了,应用过去时,故答案是A。 三、重视语境,问答一致是关键。突出语境是目前英语学习和考试不可或缺的重要组成部分,应加以注意。例如: 【考例1】—Let me introduce myself. I'm Albert. —________. A. What a pleasure B. It's my pleasure C. Pleased to meet you D. I'm very pleased 【点拨】 听完介绍后说的客套语,英语的习惯表达是:Pleased / Nice / Glad to see / meet you. (很高兴能认识你。)如按汉语“幸会”、“很荣幸见到你”等习惯表达,就会误选A、B或D项。因此最佳答案是C。 【考例2】—Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. —Sorry, ________. A. I don't B. I won't C. I can't D. I haven't 【点拨】祈使句及tomorrow一词表明了将来时,答语也用将来时,故选B。 四、固定用法,困难面前显身手。牢固掌握考纲规定的词及其用法非常重要,也就是说,熟练的基础知识可以使问题迎刃而解。例如: 【考例1】—The light in the office is still on. —Oh, I forgot ________. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 【点拨】forget的搭配有两种情况:后跟不定式的一般式,表示将来的动作,若后跟动名词则表示已发生的动作。“灯还亮着”,就是“忘记去关灯了”,故选C。 【考例2】If no one ________ the phone at home, ring me at work. A. returns B. replies C. answers D. receives 【点拨】此题是动词和宾语的搭配习惯问题。“接电话”的英语表达是answer the phone,故选C。 五、深层分析,逻辑关系巧帮助。有些题目,需要根据题干的句法结构、逻辑关系去推理,选出符合结构要求的答案。例如: 【考例1】He asked ________ for the violin. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 【点拨】宾语从句应是陈述句语序,故先排除A和C项。又因宾语从句中疑问词(词组)应置于句首,所以选D。 【考例2】She thought I was talking about her daughter. ________, in fact, I was talking about my daughter. A. Whom B. Where C. Which D. While 【点拨】分析题干结构,空格前后都是意思完整的句子,in fact为插入语。前后两句内容表明是对照的并列句,应填表示转折的并列词while(然而),故答案选D。 六、排除干扰,干脆果断做决定。可从人称、数、时态、语态、语气、语序等方面加以对比、分析,做到大胆排除、果断选择。例如: 【考例1】________from Beijing to London! A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is 【点拨】way是可数名词,先排除A、C项。感叹句的句子结构是陈述句语序,故应选D。 【考例2】It's nearly seven o'clock, Jack ________ be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. can 【点拨】从信息词nearly和at any moment可推断出题干意思是:“快七点钟了,杰克一会儿就该到了。” 因此从题干意义排除A、B和D项。故选C,表示“有可能;应该”。 (文/轩印祥 谢世年;英语辅导报初中教师版04~05学年第16期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |