从中考试题看出中英语的“主打”动词(上) |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/02/06 08:45 英语辅导报 |
对于初中英语学习者来说,动词是最难学的一个实词类别。纵观历届中考命题,有关动词的内容占的比例相当大,它常常与时态、语态、语境交流等诸方面结合起来进行综合测试。通过研读中考试题,我们会发现常考的英语“主打”动词有以下一些: 一、考查“使 / 让……”概念的动词 [考题] Be careful, Jane. Don't ______ your hands dirty. A. get B. keep C. have D. let (安徽) [分析] 选A. [归纳] 这类动词常见的有:have, let, make, get, keep, drive, send, leave, cause等,它们后边分别可跟不定式、分词、形容词、介词短语、名词等作宾语补足语。 如: I felt sorry to have kept you waiting for me so long. 对不起,让你久等了。 The victory sent our spirits rising. 胜利使得我们情绪高涨。 二、考查不定式作宾补,不定式符号保留或省略的动词 [考题] ① She asked him ______ her up at six o'clock in the morning. A. wake B. to wake C. waking D. woken (北京朝阳区) ② Li Lei is often made ______ a lot of homework at home. A. do B. does C. to do D. washing (浙江绍兴) [分析] ①选B。ask 后跟带to的不定式作宾补。②选C。make之后要求跟省略to的不定式作宾补。注意:变成被动语态时不定式符号to要补上。 [归纳]常见的带to的不定式作宾补的动词有:ask, tell, want, would like, wish, like, teach等; 省略to的不定式作宾补的动词有:see, watch, hear, observe, feel, notice, listen to, look at等感官动词及表示使役概念的have, let, make等。这类词在变为被动语态时,其后的不定式符号 to需补上。 三、考查只跟不定式作宾语的动词 [考题] They decided ________ at the end of this month. A. to leave B. going back C. travel D. not start out (济南) [分析]选A。decide 后常跟带to的不定式作宾语。 [归纳] 此类动词教材中常见的有:want,wish, hope, manage, promise, refuse, pretend, plan, offer, decide, agree, expect等。又如: He refused to take any money. 他拒绝收取分文。 (文/杨金萍;英语辅导报初中教师版04~05学年第17期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |