一、escape; flee

　　1. Only two of the revolutionaries ________ from the prison.

　　2. The enemy ________ in disorder on hearing our guns.

　　3. No gas ________ from the pipe, but I still smelled something unusual.

　　4. We go south to ________ the winter.

　　5. Lu Zhishen killed his enemy and ________ his hometown to be a monk.

　　6. Luckily, there were a lot of people around and he ________ being drowned.

　　7. I'm afraid your name ________ me.

　　Key: 1. escaped 2. fled 3. escaped 4. escape 5. fled 6. escaped 7. escapes

　　【简析】escape指安然“逃脱(走)；跑掉”，强调结果，一般为不及物动词(如1)。用作及物动词时，表示“逃避；避开危险或不愉快的事”(如4和6)或“被疏忽；遗漏；泄漏”(如3和7)。flee指“逃奔；逃走”，侧重指逃走时的急促状况，强调动作本身，不表明其结果。既可用作不及物动词(如2)，也可用作及物动词(如5)。

　　二、awake; wake

　　1. I walked in quietly because I was afraid of ________ him.

　　2. Some students ________ read in bed.

　　3. His letter ________ old memories.

　　4. His father sat in the chair ________ all night.

　　5. When I ________ the sun was shining into the room.

　　6. You must stay ________ while you are on duty.

　　Key: 1. waking / awaking 2. awake 3. awoke 4. awake 5. woke / awoke 6. awake

　　【简析】awake 用作形容词时, 一般用作补足语、表语(如6)或表示伴随状况(如4)，也可用作后置定语(如2)；用作动词时，既可用作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词，但都不与up连用(如1和5)；作“醒来；弄醒”解，通常可与wake换用；作“唤起对……的回忆”解，不能用wake或wake up代替(如3)。wake较为通俗，既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，单独使用或与up连用均可(如1和5)。

　　三、serious; severe

　　1. She was in ________ pain.

　　2. The bad harvest led to ________ food shortage.

　　3. Do you think that he is ________ about leaving his wife?

　　4. The underwater trials will provide the ________ test of the engine's capabilities.

　　5. Nothing ________ . Just a cold. Don't worry about me.

　　Key: 1. severe 2. severe 3. serious 4. severest 5. serious

　　【简析】severe指“(伤害、痛苦、担心、不舒适等的程度上)严重的；激烈的；剧烈的”(如1和2)，也可指(处理方式上、标准要求上)“严厉的；严格的；苛刻的”(如4)。serious作“严重的；严肃的”解时，强调须认真对待(如5)；也表示“认真的；并非开玩笑的”(如3)。

　　四、knock about; knock on; knock into

　　1. He returned home after he had ________ for ten years in Africa.

　　2. Please ________ the door before entering.

　　3. The old typewriter ________ the house for three years. It is of no use at all.

　　4. He ________ an old lady while walking in the street and fell over.

　　5. The prisoners are said to ________ there.

　　6. This kind of sense ________ their heads when they were children.

　　Key: 1. knocked about 2. knock on 3. has been knocking about 4. knocked into 5. have been knocked about 6. was knocked into

　　【简析】knock about 既可作不及物动词，表示“闲逛；漫游”(如1)或“放置在(不引人注意的地方)(如3)”；也可用作及物动词，作“虐待”解(如5)。knock on中的on表示“敲打”的方向，可与at换用(如2)。knock into 表示“撞上”(如4)，也表示“强行灌输”(如6)。

　　(文/陈光明； 英语辅导报高二版 04~05学年度第17期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)