一、什么是频度副词

　　回答“多么经常”这样问题的时间副词通常被称为频度副词。常见的这类副词有：always, often, usually, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, never, generally, frequently, hardly, ever, constantly, continually, rarely, scarcely等。

　　二、频度副词在句中的位置

　　频度副词常用在句中，其位置与有无助动词有关。句中无助动词或情态动词时，位于动词be之后，其他动词之前，如：

　　She is sometimes late.

　　She sometimes comes late.

　　We occasionally saw him walking along the river bank.

　　Films like this rarely reach the big screen.

　　动词带有一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词时，位于第一个助动词或情态动词之后，如：

　　She has sometimes been coming late.

　　Do you often hold such parties?

　　He has never been late.

　　It has occasionally been done.

　　An Lee has never directed a martial arts film before.

　　注意：(1)句中副词如移至助动词之前则是为了强调紧跟在其后的助动词。如：

　　He never has been and never will be successful.

　　他现在和以后都不会成功。(强调助动词has和will)

　　You always were generous. 你总是很慷慨。

　　(2) 有些频度副词的位置比较灵活，如：sometimes, often等，还可以位于句首或句末。

　　1)在句首，即在主语前，这是最强调的位置，如：

　　Sometimes she comes late.

　　2)在句末，在动词及宾语或补足语之后。这个位置的强调性弱于句首但强于句中。如：

　　She comes late sometimes.

　　三、什么是地点副词

　　表示地点的副词和表示位置关系的副词统称为地点副词。常见的这类副词有：

　　表示地点的：here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, abroad, elsewhere等。

　　表示位置关系的：above, below, down, up, out, in, across, back, along, over, round, around, away, near, off, on, inside, outside, past等。

　　在表示位置关系的副词中，有些副词也可用作介词(如：above, over, beyond, around, below, down, up, in, along, near, off, on, past等),在没有宾语时就是副词，有宾语时就是介词，如：

　　Come in, please. (副词)

　　They live in the next room. (介词)

　　Let's take along. (副词)

　　Let's walk along this street. (介词)

　　She looked around. (副词)

　　They sat around the table. (介词)

　　Let's go on with the work... (副词)

　　What subject will you speak on? (介词)

　　四、地点副词在句中的位置

　　地点副词常放在动词后面，如果是及物动词，一般就放在宾语后面。如：I remember having seen him somewhere.

　　Wuxia films are popular in China.

　　地点副词和时间副词并列使用时，一般要把地点副词放在时间副词之前。如：

　　We had a meeting here yesterday.

　　He did the work carefully here yesterday.

　　如果地点状语很长时，也可以放在时间状语之后。如：

　　He was born in 1940 in a small village at the foot of Mount Tai.

　　五、地点副词常可以用作表语

　　副词可以用作表语，主要是地点副词，时间副词和其他副词有时也可以用作表语。如：

　　They are inside. 他们在里面。

　　How long will she be away? 她要离开多久？

　　When will you be back? 你什么时候回来？

　　You haven't been around much. 你很少到这边来。

　　He'll be round in an hour. 他一个小时内就到。

　　Now autumn is in. 秋天来了。

　　I must be off now. 我得走了。

　　We are behind in our plan. 我们落在计划后面了。

　　(文/钱炳臣 冯永峰; 英语辅导报外研新标准高一版 04~05学年度第19期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)