2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题详解

Section Ⅰ Use of English

　　Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

　　People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day。

　　To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 。

　　He studied the results of 9,323 MBA[微博] interviews, 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT[微博], a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her。

　　Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 。

　　1.[A] grant [B] submits [C] transmits [D] delivers

　　2.[A] minor [B]objective [C] crucial [D] external

　　3.[A] issue [B] vision [C] picture [D] moment

　　4.[A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle [D] Above all

　　5.[A] fond [B]fearful [C] capable [D] thoughtless

　　6.[A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for

　　7.[A] if [B]until [C] though [D] unless

　　8.[A] promote [B]emphasize [C] share [D] test

　　9.[A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success

　　10.[A] chosen [B]stupid [C]found [D] identified

　　11.[A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise

　　12.[A] inspired [B]expressed [C] conducted [D] secured

　　13.[A] assigned [B]rated [C] matched [D] arranged

　　14.[A] put [B]got [C]gave [D] took

　　15.[A]instead [B]then [C] ever [D] rather

　　16.[A]selected [B]passed [C] marked [D] introduced

　　17.[A]before [B] after [C] above [D] below

　　18.[A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate

　　19.[A]achieve [B]undo [C] maintain [D]disregard

　　20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpful

　　答案：

　　1-5: ADCAB

　　6-10: BADDA

　　11-15: DCBDB

　　16-20: CACBC

　　答案详解：

　　2013年的完型填空是一篇选自《经济学人》名为A Question of Judgment的文章。讲述的是有关判断的问题。这类文章出现在今年的考研[微博]真题中，符合考研英语历年的出题形式。但是考生在没有掌握单词基本知识和解题技巧的情况下也会感到很困难。

　　相较于2012年的完型来说，今年的考题适中。考查的词汇部分涉及到名词、动词、形容词和介词。其中，动词考查的频率最高，占完型部分考题的35%。第4、7、15和17题考察了逻辑连接题，占完型题目的20%。考生要在掌握上下文结构的基础上准确完成这类考题。其次，在文章考查点里有两处涉及到了后置定语的语法知识，即第5和第10题。一处是形容词加介词构成后置定语，一处是过去分词作后置定语，而这两点在跨考一阶的讲义中，各位语法老师已经跟考生们专门讲解过。后期陆陆续续的阅读和写作课里，也是反复提到的语法点。

　　遵循以往完型填空的结构形式，今年的考题仍然秉承了总分的结构。第一段引出话题并介绍Dr. Simonsohn 的观点。第二、三、四段具体介绍了Dr. Simonsohn为证明理论采取的实验以及最后的发现。而且在文章第一句话就给出了整篇文章的中心主线—People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions。

　　总之2013年的考题在日常强调的“单词加技巧等于高分”的解题方式下，定会被迎刃而解。

　　1. [标准答案] [A]

　　[考点分析] 上下文语义和词汇辨析

　　[选项分析] 本题考查动词。根据上下文意思，首先可以排除[B]和[D]。这句话中 that 引导一个定语从句，主要是说这一优势赋予了一种特定的能力。[C]中transmit 为 传播，不符合上下文意思。

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