五、主语和谓语的一致关系(Verb Agreement) | ||
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http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/05/29 14:14 北航出版社 | ||
主语和谓语的一致,是指主语在人称和数方面与谓语动词的一致关系。 例1: There are many valuable services which the public are willing to pay for, but which a return in money to the community. A. does not bring B. did not bring C. do not bring D. has not brought [答案] C. do not bring [注释] which的先行词是services,故谓语用第三人称复数形式。 [译文]有许多有价值的服务项目,公众也愿意支付其费用,但是这些项目没有给社区带来经济回报。 例2: The amount of pressure which the materials are subject to the quality of the products. A. affects B. affect C. affecting D. to be affected [答案] A. affects [注释]本句中subject是形容词,后接介词to,其介词宾语是which。 [译文]这些材料所受到的压力的量影响产品的质量。 例3: There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than in the public mind today. A. exists B. exist C. existing D. existed [答案] A. exists [注释] than引导比较状语从句,从句中省略the anxiety which。 [译文]本应减少人们对患癌症的焦虑,可如今公众心目中这种焦虑却有过之而无不及。 例4: Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life circle of the insect that not fully understood. A. is B. are C. have D. has [答案] B. are [注释]关系代词that的先行词是elements,故谓语应为are。 [译文]尽管进行了大量的研究,在这种昆虫的生活周期中仍有某些因素还没有完全弄懂。 例5:These proposals sought to place greater restrictions on the use and copying of digital information than in traditional media. A. exist B. exists C. existing D. to exist [答案] A. exist [注释] than引导的定语从句中than作主语,其谓语与带形容词比较级的先行词保持人称与数的一致关系。也有的语法书认为,than引导的是比较从句,后面省略了the restrictions that。 [译文]与传统媒体中存在的限制相比,这些建议试图更多地限制使用和拷贝数字信息。
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