07年12月六级汉译英专项练习答案及解析

　　三、汉译英专项练习答案及解析

　　一、倍数增减的表示法

　　1) is 2.5 times greater than Force N2

　　(考点：倍数 + 形容词/副词比较级 + than)

　　2) reacts three times as fast as the other one

　　(考点：倍数 + as + 形容词/副词 + as)

　　3) is 49 times the size of the moon

　　(考点：倍数 + 名词)

　　4) wants to raise the rent by a third

　　(考点：动词 + by + 数词/百分比/倍数)

　　5) plan to double their investment

　　(考点：double + 名词)

　　二、时态

　　1) or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church

　　(考点：将来完成时)

　　2) the children had fallen asleep

　　(考点：过去完成时)

　　3) my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside

　　(考点：将来进行时)

　　4) have been revising my resume all the morning

　　(考点：现在完成进行时)

　　5) No. It has been five years since I went on holiday

　　(考点：It has been … since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了)

　　6) He has been in the army for 5 years

　　(考点：1. 现在完成时;2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间)

　　三、被动语态

　　1) is being replaced by the computer and the projector

　　(考点：被动语态的现在进行时)

　　2) will have been published by the end of this year

　　(考点：被动语态的将来完成时)

　　3) can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work

　　(考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态)

　　4) I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated

　　(考点：同“3”的考点2)

　　5) Effective measures must be taken immediately

　　(考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态)

　　四、情态动词

　　1) but there is no answer. She can’t be at home

　　(考点：情态动词可以表示可能性，can’t 表示“一定不”)

　　2) I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday

　　(考点：“情态动词can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示对过去发生的动作的主观判断)

　　3) You must have dreamed of something terrible

　　(考点：同上)

　　4) You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony

　　(考点：“情态动词should/ought to + have done” 用于评论过去应该做而实际并未做的动作，含有批评的意思)

　　5) I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party

　　(考点：“情态动词needn’t + have + done”表示对过去发生的动作进行评论，认为“无须发生”，“不必做”)

　　五、虚拟语气

　　1) I had had your opportunities when I was young

　　(考点：I wish后的that从句中用过去完成式表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望)

　　2) he had known this disease is curable

　　(考点：If only 引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是……就好了”，用法与 I wish…基本相同)

　　3) painted it blue, and without any decorations

　　(考点：would rather 后的that从句中用过去式表示不是事实)

　　4) measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams

　　(考点：It’s (about/high) time 后的that从句中用过去式，表示“该是……的时候了”)

　　5) as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly

　　(考点：as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑)

　　6) Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now

　　(考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的宾语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式)

　　7) more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area

　　(考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的主语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式)

　　8) they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem

　　(考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的表语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式)

　　9) the mid-term exams (should) be canceled

　　(考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的同位语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式)

　　[表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词及其名词常见的有：advise (advice), agree (agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determination), grant, indicate (indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), propose (proposal), request, require (requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest(suggestion), urge, vote;常见的这类动词还有：allow, arrange, ask, beg, concede, demonstrate, ensure, intend, move, pledge, pray等]

　　10) we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining

　　(考点：在It is/was +形容词后的that从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议惊奇等。这类形容词常见的有：advisable, anxious, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing等)

　　11) everyone (should) be prepared for emergency

　　(考点：同上)

　　12) If he had booked tickets in the way I told him

　　(考点：在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反)

　　13) if I had not been interrupted

　　(考点：同上)

　　14) If it had rained, the ground would be wet

　　(考点：在非真实条件句中，当主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时，就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式)

　　15) If I had been living in New York

　　(考点：同上)

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