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四六级写作中弥补词汇不足:联想相关

http://www.sina.com.cn   2008年10月28日 15:43   新浪教育

  2.联想有关词汇

  当遗忘产生时,或遇到未曾学过的词时,应采取放射性思维,发挥想象力,想出一切与之有关的单词,利用语言的内在联系,多层次,多角度地运用语言。一般情况下,联想可按下列思路进行:1联想同义词;2联想反义词。

  英语语言中众多的同义词在许多情况下是可以通用的。利用这一规律,由于某个单词受阻而影响全篇写作的情况便不会出现。试看下列句子:

  I had a nightmare last night. = I had a bad dream last night.

  Nightmare 使用频率不太高,因此不太好记。而其同义词bad dream 却很容易记。以后者取代前者丝毫不影响原句的意义。再比如:I don‘t understand this word. 也可以说成 I don’t know this word.

  另外:

  He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.

  The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat.

  They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.

  His temper is nasty. = His temper is terrible. = He has a bad temper.

  英语语言中词与词之间是有联系的,词与词之间语义的“共核”现象即所谓的同义词。丰富的同义词给我们提供了极大的方便。

  同样,用其反义词来取代某一遗忘了的词也是可行的,请看下面的例子:

  He is stubborn. = He is not tame.

  The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.

  This is expensive. = This is not cheap.

  She is talkative. = She is never quiet.

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