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occasion主要指“时机”,“场合”,也含有“机会”的意思。如:The flags are hung out on the occasion of the National Day。(每逢国庆节,国旗都悬持出来了。)
105.persist, insist
persist坚持,后面常接介词in。如:He persisted in carrying on his work in spite of great fatigue。(他虽然疲倦极了,可仍坚持工作。)
insist坚持,后面接介词on,也可直接连用that引导的名词从句。如:He insisted on my going there with him. (He insisted that I should go there with him。)
106.preserve, conserve, reserve
preserve坚持,后面常接介词in。如:The ship is equipped with special refrigerating devices to preserve food for the whole voyage。(船上设有特殊冷藏设备,在整个航程中保存食物。)
conserve保存,储藏,强调采取措施精心保护某物,防止不必要的浪费,损失或变化。如:He is conserving his energy for the last twenty-meter dash。(他正在为最后20米冲刺保存实力。)
reserve留存(在资金,人力,原料等),保留(权力等)。如:Reserve enough money for your home fare。(留足你回家的路费。)
107.probable, possible, likely
probable很可能的,大概的,语气较possible强。如:It is probable that the cost will be greater than we think。(花费很可能比我们料想的要多。)
possible强调客观上可能性,但常带有“实际可能性很小”的暗示。如:It’s possible, though not probable, that he will accept these terms. (他有可能接受这些条件,但希望很小。)
likely暗示从表面迹象来判断“有可能的”。如:It is likely that he will come。(他多半会来。)
108.purpose, goal, aim, end, object
purpose目的,意图,比较确定,多指采取坚决的行动去达到目的。如:The tutor explained the purpose of the exercise。(导师说明了该练习的目的。)
goal指经过仔细考虑而选中的比较大的目标,常需要努力或克服困难才能达到的目的。如:The goal of her desire is to be a singer。(她渴望成为一名歌唱家。)
aim常指短期目标,往往比较具体,也比较实际。如:My first aim is to receive a complete and good education。(我的第一个目标是接受完整和良好的教育。)
end目标,目的,较正式。如:My chief end is to serve my country and my people。(我的首要目标是为国为民服务。)
object指较明确具体的单个目标,往往出于直接的需要和愿望。如:What is the object of your visit?(你访问的目的是什么?)
109.respectable, respected, respectful, respective
都是形容词。
respectable可尊敬的,值得尊重的。如:His parents were poor but respectable。(他父母虽穷却令人尊敬。)
respected表示受人尊敬的,可用于对年长的人,权威性的意见等。
respectful指“充满敬意的”,是主动性的尊重他人。如:The students were very respectful towards the great man。(这些学生对这位伟人十分敬仰。)
respective表“各自分别的”,修饰名词时,名词一般用复数。如:They went back to their respective houses。(他们回了各自的家。)
110.round, around
round作副词时,同around意思相近,规范用法应区别动态和静态。 Round用于圆周运动或测量,around用于指遍及表面或中心附近。如:The spaceship traveled round the world in 40 minutes. They planted trees around the lawn。
around用于指遍及表面或中心附近。如:The spaceship traveled round the world in 40 minutes. They planted trees around the lawn。
111.rouse, arouse
rouse表“激起”,语气比arouse强,常有“积极行动”的意思。
arouse表“引起”,动作意味较弱,在表“唤起”意义时,可用rouse换用。
112.say, speak, talk, tell
say着重所说的话,可用作及物动词,带宾语从句。
Speak着重开口发声,不着重所说的内容,一般作不及物动词,用作及物动词,宾语只能是某种语言等少数几个名词,不能接that从句。
Talk表示通过谈话方式交换意见、思想、消息等,一般只作不及物动词。
Tell表示告诉,有时兼含“嘱咐”,“命令”等。Tell the truth说真话,tell a lie说谎,tell a story讲故事等为固定搭配。Tell是及物动词,但其后不跟that从句。
113.senseless, sensible, sensitive
senseless愚蠢的(常作定语);无知觉的(常作表语)。
Sensible懂事的,明智的。如:He is a sensible child。(他是个懂事的孩子。)
Sensitive有感觉的,敏感的。如:Eyes are very sensitive to light。(眼睛对光敏感。)
114.shake, shiver, tremble
shake颤抖,颤动,指任何短促而急促的摇动,有时喻指对决心,信念的动摇。如:He was shaking with fear。(他吓得发抖。) Nothing can shake our determination。(什么也动摇不了我们的决心。)
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