状语从句在高考单项填空题型中一直倍受青睐，是高考考查的重点项目之一。笔者根据状语从句的用途，将其高考考点分类归纳如下，以飨读者。

　　一、时间状语从句

　　常用来引导时间状语从句的关联词有as,when,whenever,while,before,after,till,until,as soon as等。

　　［考例1］A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosity ____ here aches the end of the story.(2003上海高考)

　　A.when B.unless C.after D.until

　　［分析］主句谓语动词hold是延续性动词，根据句意：一个优秀的讲故事的人必须能够把听众的好奇心保持到他讲完故事为止。本题选D正确。

　　［考例2］Come and see me whenever ____.(2003北京高考)

　　A.you are convenient

　　B.you will be convenient

　　C.it is convenient to you

　　D.it will be convenient to you

　　［分析］在时间状语从句中，用一般现在时态表示将来。问某人是否觉得方便时，应该使用下面句型：Is it convenient to sb.?convenient也常用于it作形式主语的句型中：It is convenient for sb.to do sth.本题选C正确。

　　［考例3］He made a mistake,but then he corrected the situation ____ it got worse.(2003北京高考)

　　A.until B.when C.before D.as

　　［分析］根据句意：他犯了错误，但没等局势恶化，他就扭转了局势。before引导时间状语从句，本题选C正确。

　　某些表示时间的副词、名词短语和介词短语也可引导时间状语从句。如directly,immediately,the instant,the moment,the minute,the day,the year,each /every time,next time,the first(second,last)time,by the time等。

　　［考例4］-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?

　　-Yes,I gave it to her ____ I saw her.(2001北京、内蒙古、安徽春招)

　　A.while B.the moment

　　C.suddenly D.once

　　［分析］名词短语the moment可直接引导时间状语从句，其后面不要再用其它连词。本题选B正确。

　　二、地点状语从句

　　常用来引导地点状语从句的关联词有where,wherever等。

　　［考例5］The famous scientist grew up ____ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.(2002上海春招)

　　A.when B.whenever C.where D.wherever

　　［分析］根据句意：那位著名的科学家在出生地长大，于1930年来到上海。where引导地点状语从句，意为"在……的地方"；wherever引导地点状语从句时，意为"无论在哪里"。本题选C正确。

　　三、原因状语从句

　　常用来引导原因状语从句的关联词有because,as,since,now that等。

　　［考例6］____ you've got a chance,you might as well make full use of it.(NMET1999)

　　A.Now that B.After

　　C.Although D.As soon as

　　［分析］now that意为"既然"，常用来引导原因状语从句。本题选A正确。

　　［考例7］The Italian boy was regarded as a hero ____ he gave his life for his country.(MET1985)

　　A.according to B.because of

　　C.on account of D.because

　　［分析］根据句意：那位意大利男孩被看作是英雄，因为他为祖国献出了生命。because引导原因状语从句，而B和C两个选项连接名词或名词短语。本题选D正确。

　　［考例8］We had better hurry ____ it is getting dark.(MET1984)

　　A.and B.but C.as D.unless

　　［分析］根据句意：由于天渐渐黑了，我们最好抓紧时间。as在此引导原因状语从句。本题选C正确。

　　四、结果状语从句

　　常用来引导结果状语从句的关联词有that,so(that),so...that,such...that等。

　　［考例9］We were in ____ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.(2003上海高考)

　　A.a rush so anxious

　　B.a such anxious rush

　　C.so an anxious rush

　　D.such an anxious rush

　　［分析］本句是由such...that引导的结果状语从句，由于句中插入了when we left这一时间状语从句，它起到了较大的干扰作用，从而增加了试题的难度。本题选D正确。

　　五、目的状语从句

　　常用来引导目的状语从句的关联词有that,so that,in order that,in case等。从句的谓语常由"can／could，may／might＋动词原形"构成，有时也用"shall／should，will／would＋动词原形"。

　　［考例10］Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report ____ her boss could read it first the next morning.(2003安徽春招)

　　A.so that B.because

　　C.before D.or else

　　［分析］根据句意分析，本句应为目的状语从句。本题选A正确。

　　六、条件状语从句

　　常用来引导条件状语从句的关联词有if,unless,when(如果),suppose,sup-posing,given that,in case(that),on condition that,as /so long as等。

　　［考例11］____ I know the money is safe,I shall not worry about it.(2003北京高考)

　　A.Even though B.Unless

　　C.As long as D.While

　　［分析］as long as意为"只要"，引导条件状语从句。根据句意分析，本题选C正确。

　　［考例12］Don't be afraid of asking for help ____ it is needed.(NMET2003)

　　A.unless B.since

　　C.although D.when

　　［分析］根据句意分析，when在此句中意为"如果"，引导条件状语从句，相当于if。本题选D正确。

　　［考例13］I would appreciate it ____ you call back this afternoon for the doctor's appointment.(2003上海春招)

　　A.until B.if C.when D.that

　　［分析］根据句意分析，本句是由if引导的条件状语从句，本题选B正确。

　　［考例14］You will succeed in the end ____ you give up halfway.(2001上海春招)

　　A.even if B.as though

　　C.as long as D.unless

　　［分析］本句意为：如果你不中途放弃，你最终会成功。本题选D正确。

　　［考例15］I shall stay in the hotel all day ____ there is news of the missing child.(2000上海春招)

　　A.in case

　　B.no matter

　　C.in any case

　　D.ever since

　　［分析］in case意为"以防"，用来引导条件状语从句。本句意为：我将在旅店呆一整天，以防有丢失孩子的消息。本题选A正确。

　　七、让步状语从句

　　常用来引导让步状语从句的关联词有though,although,even if／though,whatever,whoever,whichever,however,whether...or...,no matter who等。

　　［考例16］-Dad,I've finished my assignment.

　　-Good,and ____ you play or watch TV,you mustn't disturb me.(2003上海高考)

　　A.whenever B.whether

　　C.whatever D.no matter

　　［分析］由题干中的or可知，这是由whether...or...引导的让步状语从句。本题选B正确。

　　［考例17］Mr.Hall understands that ____ math has always been easy for him,it is not easy for the students.(2003安徽春招)

　　A.unless B.since

　　C.although D.when

　　［分析］根据句意分析，本句是由al-though引导的让步状语从句。本题选C正确。

　　［考例18］We'll have to finish the job,____.(NMET1999)

　　A.long it takes however

　　B.it takes however long

　　C.long however it takes

　　D.however long it takes

　　［分析］根据句意：不管用多长时间，我们都要把工作做完。本题选D正确。

　　八、方式状语从句

　　常用来引导方式状语从句的关联词有as,as if /though,the way,how,as...as,not so/as...as,than等。

　　［考例19］John plays football ____,if not better than,David.(NMET1994)

　　A.as well B.as well as

　　C.so well D.so well as

　　［分析］本题主要考查副词的比较等级，该句型属于表示比较的方式状语从句。本题选B正确。

　　(文/吉林长春李景莉；英语辅导报高三版03～04学年第20期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)