众所周知,在含有条件状语从句的主从复合句中,当主句谓语动词以某种形式表示将来时间概念时,条件状语从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。然而在下面的句子中却使用了will,是何道理。

　　"I will land you safe in Livepool," he cried, "if you will stay strong and firm with me."(《高中英语教科书》第三册(上),人教版P. 46)

　　原来在if条件状语从句中出现了will,这时它并非指单纯的将来,而是情态动词,用来表示意愿。请求。坚持或拒绝等具有浓厚感情色彩的意义。那么will何时用于if条件状语从句呢。

　　一、在if条件状语从句中,will用于第二人称可以用来表示说话人的婉转。有礼貌的请求,在含义上相当于"please..."的结构。例如:

　　"Now if you will take off your clothes, Emperor, we will fit the new suit on you in front of the mirror."said the weavers. (=please take off your clothes...)

　　If you will wait a moment, I'll go and tell the manager that you are here. (=please wait a moment and...)

　　If you will close the door we can settle down to talk.

　　If you will look after the luggage, I'll buy the tickets.

　　If you will come into the hall, the meeting will begin soon.

　　If you'll help me, we can finish early.

　　二、在if条件状语从句中,will与第二或第三人称主语连用可以表示从句主语顽固地坚持某事。例如:

　　If you will behave like that, you will suffer from it. (=If you insist on behaving like that...)

　　If you will play the drum all night no wonder the neighbours complain.

　　If you will keep your watch half an hour slow, it is hardly surprising that you are late for your appointments.

　　If you will do it like that, you will fail.

　　三、在if条件状语从句中,will用于各个人称,表示意愿。例如:

　　If he will listen to me, I'll be able to help him. (=If he is willing to listen to me,...)

　　If you'll allow me, I'll see you home.

　　如果在if条件状语从句中用won't,则表示"不愿意"或"拒绝"的意思。例如:

　　If they won't accept a check, we'll have to pay cash. (=If they refused to accept a check,...)

　　四、will用于if条件状语从句中,表示对将来的事态作出现在的预测。例如:

　　If it will suit you, (ie. Not now, but later) I'll change the date of our meeting.如果对你合适(即不指现在,而指今后)我将改变会议的日期。(《朗曼英语语法》翻译本P. 536)

　　If the water will rise above this level(超过这个水位), then we must warn everybody in the neighbourhood.(《新编英语语法》修订本章振邦主编P. 566)

　　五、if条件状语从句中的will表示的并非条件,而是结果。例如:

　　If it will make you happier, I'll stop smoking.(如果那会使你更快乐,我一定戒烟。)

　　"你更快乐"是"我戒烟"的"结果",并非条件。(《贺氏英文法全书》贺立民主编P. 746)

　　If my civil engineer uncle's advice will help you in your work, I will ask him to give you as much as you need.如果我的当土木工程师的叔父的建议有助于你的工作,我将要求他尽量按你的需要提供。(=If my civil engineer uncle gives you some advice and it will help you in your work, I will ask him to give you as much as you need.这里带will的if从句表示主句行为的结果。(《简明英语惯用法》葛传椝编著P. 359)

　　(文/李翔张学理；《英语辅导报》高中教师版03~04学年度第25期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)