1.问：V-ing形式作定语有什么需要我们注意的吗?

　　答：有。单个的V-ing形式作定语通常置于被修饰词之前，而V-ing短语形式应置于被修饰词之后。表示存在的状态或者一般的情况，或强调与谓语动词的动作同时或基本同时发生并进行，但是V-ing的完成式一般不能作定语。近几年的高考试题经常考到这一用法。如：

　　1)The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the .

　　A. 20 dollars remained

　　B. 20 dollars to remain

　　C. remained 20 dollars

　　D. remaining 20 dollars

　　简析：此处的remaining相当于形容词，意思是"剩下的"，由于remain是不及物动词，所以用现在分词作前置定语，答案为D。

　　2) The picture________on the wall is painted by my nephew.

　　A. having hung B. hanging

　　C. hangs D. being hung

　　简析：从句意可以看出表示"挂着"的状态，用V-ing的主动形式，而V-ing的完成式一般不作定语，所以选B。

　　3) Mr Smith, ________of the ________speech, started to read a novel.

　　A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored

　　C. tired; boredD. tiring; boring

　　(key:A)

　　2. 问：宾语补足语是怎么回事？哪些V-ing形式可以作宾语补足语？

　　答：宾语补足语就是用形容词、副词、分词、介词短语、不定式或名词等对宾语进行补充或说明，通常宾语补足语与宾语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。现在分词作宾语补足语表示其动作在延续或进行，常跟现在分词作宾语补足语的多是一些使役动词(如：have/get/send/ leave)、感官动词(如：see/hear/watch/observe/ notice/catch/find/listen to/look at等)，但是使役动词make一般不跟现在分词作宾补，但像完全形容词化的interesting除外。如：

　　1) He looked around and caught a man ________ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.

　　A. putB. to be putting

　　C. to put D. putting

　　简析：答案为D。catch sb. doing sth.的意思是"撞见(碰见)某人正在做某事"，是一固定用法，就像send sb. doing sth.表示"使某人做某事"一样,也是固定用法。

　　2) A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen.

　　A. smoke B. smoking

　　C. to smoke D. smoked

　　简析：答案为B。find sb. doing sth.的意思是"发现某人正在做某事"。

　　3)-Why did you go back to the shop?

　　-I left my friend ________ there.

　　A. waiting B. to wait

　　C. wait D. waits

　　简析：答案为A。leave sb. doing sth.的意思是"使某人做某事或处于某种状态"。

　　3. 问：动名词的复合结构是什么意思？

　　答:V-ing形式作名词时有的语法家称之为动名词，动名词是可以有自己的逻辑主语的，动名词与其逻辑主语一起就构成动名词的复合结构。一般逻辑主语是有生命的名词时，用名词或代词的所有格，作主语只用所有格；逻辑主语是无生命物时用普通格，就是通常所说的宾格形式，这种结构在句中常作主语或宾语。如：

　　The discovery of new evidence led to________.

　　A. the thief having caught

　　B. caught the thief

　　C. the thief being caught

　　D. the thief to be caught (key:C)

　　4. 问：在高考试题中考过V-ing形式作名词用吗？如果考过，能给我们讲讲常见的考点吗？

　　答：这种V-ing形式被称作动名词，相当于一个名词的用法，在句子中作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。在历年高考中考得还真不少哩，尤其是近两三年的高考上海卷考得特别多。常见的考点如下：

　　1)作主语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。如：

　　________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.

　　A. Exposed(暴露) B. Having exposed

　　C. Being exposed

　　D. After being exposed (key:C)

　　________is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

　　A. The walk B. Walking

　　C. To walk D. Walk (key:B)

　　还可以用于以下句型：

　　It's no use(good) / It's not useful doing sth. 做某事是没有用(不好)的。

　　2)作介词的宾语。要掌握一些与介词to连用的动词短语，如：lead to(导致)/ devote oneself to(献身于)/pay attention to(注意……)等。如：

　　Victor apologized for ________to inform me of the change in the plan.

　　A. his being not able

　　B. him not to be able

　　C. his not being able

　　D. him to be not able (key:C)

　　She looks forward every spring to________ the flower-lined garden.

　　A. visit B. paying a visit

　　C. walk in D. walking in (key:D)

　　3) 可以作动词宾语。有些动词只能跟V-ing形式作宾语，如：advise/ mind/ suggest/ finish/ enjoy/ miss/ consider(考虑)/ appreciate(感激)/ put off(推迟)/ allow(允许)/ excuse(原谅)/can't help (禁不住)等。如：

　　I really appreciate ________ to relax with you on this nice island.

　　A. to have had time

　　B. having time

　　C. to have time

　　D. to having time (key:B)

　　While shopping, people sometimes can't help ________ into buying something they don't really need.

　　A. to persuade B. persuading

　　C. being persuaded

　　D. be persuaded (key:C)

　　4) 有些动词跟不定式或V-ing形式都可以，但是所表达的意思不同。remember/forget/ regret doing sth.表示"记得/忘记/后悔做过某事"；mean doing sth.表示"意思是，意味着"；stop doing sth.表示"停止做某事"；try doing sth.表示"试着做某事"。如：

　　-Let me tell you something about the journalists.

　　-Don't you remember ________ me the story yesterday?

　　A. toldB. telling

　　C. to tell D. to have told

　　(key:B)

　　In some parts of London, missing a bus means ________ for another hour.

　　A. waiting B. to wait

　　C. wait D. to be waiting

　　(key:A)

　　5) 有些动词或形容词跟V-ing形式，用其主动形式表示被动含义。像need/ want/ require doing"需要……"; be worth doing"值得……"等。如：

　　-What do you think of the book?

　　-Oh, excellent. It's worth ________ a second time.

　　A. to read B. to be read

　　C. reading D. being read

　　(key:C)

　　巩固练习：

　　1.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?

　　-The key ________ the problem is to meet demand ________ by the customs.

　　A. to solving; making

　　B. to solving; made

　　C. to solve; making

　　D. to solve; made

　　2. ________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.

　　A. The president will attend

　　B. The president to attend

　　C. The president attend

　　D. The president's attending

　　3. The ________ boy was last seen ________ near the East Lake.

　　A. missing; playing

　　B. missing; play

　　C. missed; played

　　D. missed; to play

　　4. The bell ________ the end of the period rang, ________ our heated discussion.

　　A. indicating; interrupting

　　B. indicated; interrupting

　　C. indicating; interrupted

　　D. indicated; interrupted

　　5. One learns a language by making mistakes and ________ them.

　　A. correct B. correcting

　　C. corrects D. to correct

　　6. Tony was very unhappy for ________ to the party.

　　A. having not been invited

　　B. not having invited

　　C. having not invited

　　D. not having been invited

　　7. -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

　　-Well, now I regret ________ that.

　　A. to do B. to be doing

　　C. to have done D. having done

　　8. There was a terrible noise ________ the sudden burst of light.

　　A. followed B. following

　　C. to be followed D. being followed

　　9. Once your business becomes international, ________ constantly will be part of your life.

　　A. you fly B. your flight

　　C. flight D. flying

　　10. -What do you think made Mary so upset?

　　-________her new bicycle.

　　A. As she lost B. Lost

　　C. Losing D. Because of losing

　　Key:1-5 BDAAB 6-10 DDBDC

　　(文/李莉 张殿科；英语通高中一年级版 03～04学年第5期； 版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)