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Unit 6 Mainly revision

http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/18 10:29 新浪教育

　　先通读后细读

　　阅读一篇文章，最好采用先通读、后细读的策略。首先要快速浏览全文，这一点非常重要。因为一篇文章是一个整体，是围绕一个中心思想组织的。如果我们了解了文章大体讲的是什么，有了整个篇章结构模式，就有利于我们理顺句子或段落间的关系，准确地把握文章的主旨，同时也有利于我们在解题过程中有重点地细读部分内容。

　　一篇文章无论长短，要做到一口气读下来。对于生词，只要不妨碍我们理解主要内容，可暂时放下不管。如果我们读读停停、左顾右盼，往往会把文章完整的体系读破了，有碍于对文章整体的理解。在掌握了文章的大体内容后，我们再根据需要解答的问题逐句细读，认真分析词义及句子结构，从而更准确地掌握文章的具体内容。

　　Passage 1

　　阅读理解…………………………………………………………………

　　In common with many countries, Britain has serious environmental problems.① In 1952, more than 4,000 people died in London because of the smog (烟雾). The government introduced new laws to stop smog from coal fires and factories and the situation improved a lot.

　　Today, London is much cleaner but there is a new problem: smog from cars. In December 1991, there was very little wind in London and pollution increased a lot. As a result, about 160 people died from pollution in just four days.

　　Part of the problem is the new “out of town” shopping centres. In the past, people often walked to shops near their home or went by bus. Now, many people drive to the new shopping centres.

　　As a result, the small shops have disappeared and more people have to travel to do their shopping.

　　Many people are trying to reduce the use of cars in Britain. Some cities now have special bicycle paths and many people cycle to work. Some people also travel to work together in one car to reduce the pollution and cost.

　　Sometimes people take “direct action”. In 1995, for example, many people wanted to stop a new road from being built near Newbury. They set up houses in trees and lived there for many months. It took a long time to force the people out of the trees before the construction work on the road could continue.②

　　注释

　　………………………………

　　① In common with many countries, Britain has serious environmental problems. 和许多国家一样,英国也有严重的环境问题。 in common with　“和……一样”。

　　② It took a long time to force the people out of the trees before the construction work on the road could continue. 花了好长时间才迫使人们搬出树林, 这样新路的建设才得以继续。

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A. The government once introduced a law against smog from cars and factories.

　　B. London is much cleaner than before so nobody dies from pollution any longer.

　　C. Now smog in London mainly comes from cars.

　　D. The “direct action” taken in 1995 was a successful example of people reducing the use of cars.

　　2.What made people do shopping by car?

　　A. They prefer to do shopping in big shopping centers outside the town.

　　B. Small shops near their homes have disappeared.

　　C. Many new shopping centers have appeared outside the town.

　　D. It has become a fashion to do shopping in large shopping centers.

　　3.How many examples of people reducing the use of cars are mentioned in the passage?

　　A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.

　　4.What is the best title for this passage?

　　A. To reduce the use of cars

　　B. The disadvantages brought by the use of cars

　　C. Smog from cars in Britain

　　D. People's actions against smog

　　Passage 2

　　阅读理解…………………………………………………………………

　　1970 was World Conservation(自然保护)Year. The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the world is in danger. They hoped that governments would act quickly in order to “conserve” nature. Here is one example of the problem. At one time① there were 1,300 different plants, trees and flowers in Holland, but now only 866 remain. The others have been destroyed by modern man and his technology.

　　We are changing the earth, the air and water, and everything that grows and lives. We cant live without these things. If we continue like this, we shall destroy ourselves.

　　What will happen in the future? Perhaps it is more important to ask “What must we do now?” The people who will be living in the world of tomorrow are the young of today. A lot of them know that conservation is necessary. Many are helping to save our world. They plant trees in forests, build bridges across rivers, and so on. In a small town in the United States a large group of girls cleaned the banks of 11 kilometers of their river. Young people may hear about conservation through a record called “No one's going to change our world”. It was made by the Beatles②, Cliff Richard and other singers. The money from it will help to conserve wild animals.

　　注释

　　………………………………

　　① at one time = once 曾经

　　② the Beatles 甲壳虫披头士合唱队，美国著名的乐队组合。

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1. “No one's going to change our world” was ____ .

　　A. an important book published in 1970

　　B. an organization set up in a small town

　　C. a record calling on people to conserve nature

　　D. a rule worked out by the United Nations

　　2. What is the most important thing for us to do to save our world?

　　A. We should plant more trees and flowers.

　　B. We should clean the banks of our rivers.

　　C. We should know what will happen in the future.

　　D. We should know what we must do and begin to do it now.

　　3.What's the main idea of the passage?

　　A.1970 was World Conservation Year.

　　B.The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the world is in danger.

　　C.Conservation is necessary.

　　D.It is the young people who are helping to save our world.

　　Passage 3

　　阅读理解…………………………………………………………………

　　At one time, computers were expected largely to remove the need for paper copies of documents (文件) because they could be stored electronically (电子地). But for all the texts that are written, stored and sent electronically, a lot of them are still ending up on paper.

　　It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of the use of Internet — connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office

　　can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. “I feel in my bones this revolution is causing more trees to be cut down.” says Ted Smith of the Earth Village Organization.

　　Perhaps the best sign of how computer and Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the hightech industry itself, which sees printing as one of its most promising new markets.① Several Internet companies have been set up to help small businesses print quality documents from a computer. Earlier this week HewlettPackard Co. announced a plan to develop new technologies that will enable people to print even more so they can get a hard copy of a business document, a medical record or just a oneline email, even if they are nowhere near a computer. As the company sees it, the more use of the Internet, the greater demand for printers.

　　Does all this mean environmental concerns (关注环境) have been forgotten? Some activists (活跃分子) suggest people have been led to believe that a lot of dangers to the environment have gone away. “I guess people believe that the problem is taken care of, because of recycling (回收利用).” said Kelly Quirke, director of the Rainforest Action Network in San Francisco. Yet Quirke is hopeful that hightech may also prove helpful. He says printers that print on both sides are growing in popularity. The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.②

　　注释

　　………………………………

　　① Perhaps the best sign of how computer and Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the hightech industry itself, which sees printing as one of its most promising new markets. 计算机和因特网的使

　　用推动纸的需求的最好的标志可能来自于高科技本身，这其中印刷业被视为最有前途的市场之一。

　　② The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste. 这个组织已找到了用除木材以外的材料(如农业废料)生产可用纸的方法。

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1.Environmentalists believe one possible way of dealing with the paper situation is ____ .

　　A.to encourage printing more quality documents

　　B.to develop new printers using recycled paper

　　C.to find new materials for making paper

　　D.to plant more fast growing trees

　　2.HewlettPackard Co. has decided to develop new technologies because ____ .

　　A.people are concerned about the environment

　　B.printers in many offices are working overtime

　　C.small companies need more hard copies

　　D.they see a growing market for printers

　　3.What would be the best title for the text?

　　A.Computers and Printers

　　B.E-mail and the Business World

　　C.Internet Revolution and Environment

　　D.Modern Technology and New Markets

　　Passage 4

　　完形填空…………………………………………………………………

　　If they can reach the age of seventynine, most men would be pleased with their life successes and nurse their illnesses①. But it is not the 1 case with the inventor Dr. Kurt Amplatz. He is still working hard to 2 some more heart devices (器械).

　　Dr. Amplatz set up a 3 as soon as he retired (退休) as a professor of Xray science from the University of Minnesota② in 1997. He is 4 inventing devices in the AGA Medical Company. Dr. David Hunter, 5 famous scientist in the same 6, called the company “an almost unbelievable place 7 of wonderful equipment and devices.” Dr. Amplatz wants to make it less and less difficult to 8 heart defects (缺陷), without the need 9 openheart operations. When he 10 some studying, this quiet inventor will forget everything around him.

　　Because of the inventions that have the 11 name, people, babies, and children, with heart defects no longer 12 difficult openheart operations. 13, the heart defects are repaired through a catheter (导管) into the chests. Most sick people can 14 home to live a normal life the next day.

　　Janna, 15 , was 6 months old when her doctor discovered a hole in her heart. If the hole did not 16 by the age 3, her parents were told, she would need an openheart operation. But when Janna 17 3, Dr. Amplatz used an Amplatz device and closed the 18 in two hours. A day later, Janna

　　was home riding her bicycle. “Dr. Amplatz has 19 the old me

　　thods and 20 thousands of children from

　　openheart operations.” said Dr. David Hunter.

　　注释

　　………………………………

　　① nurse their illnesses 医治他们的疾病。

　　② Minnesota 明尼苏达州(美国州名)。

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1. A. differentB. sameC. difficultD. wrong

　　2. A. testB. discoverC. inventD. study

　　3. A. labB. factoryC. companyD. union

　　4. A. stillB. evenC. justD. only

　　5. A. oneB. someC. otherD. another

　　6. A. fieldB. scienceC. medicalD. device

　　7. A. filledB. offeredC. fullD. free

　　8. A. correctB. repairC. limitD. treat

　　9. A. toB. forC. in D. below

　　10. A. makesB. takesC. carriesD. does

　　11. A. AmplatzB. HunterC. similarD. direct

　　12. A. practiceB. changeC. acceptD. receive

　　13. A. HoweverB. FortunatelyC. InsteadD. Surprisingly

　　14. A. returnB. bringC. appearD. take

　　15. A. by nameB. for exampleC. by birthD. such as

　　16. A. closeB. openC. improveD. operate

　　17. A. becameB. laidC. arrivedD. turned

　　18. A. illnessB. heartC. holeD. door

　　19. A. completedB. setC. improvedD. changed

　　20. A. stoppedB. savedC. preventedD. protected

　　Passage 1

　　本文讲述了英国伦敦由于过多的汽车而产生的smog 所带来的危害及政府和人民采取的措施。

　　1. C见第二段第一句。其他答案都篡改了原文部分意思。

　　2. BA和C的陈述虽然正确，但不能作为人们被迫开车购物的原因。

　　3. B最后两段提到“cycle to work”,“share one car” 和“take direct action”。

　　4. C本文讲述了由汽车而产生的smog 所带来的危害及政府和人民采取的措施, 其余答案只涉及了文章的某个方面。

　　Passage 2

　　本文主要讨论的是自然保护问题以及人们在保护环境方面所采取的一些行动。

　　1.C从文中第二段可知，“No ones going to change our world”是由Beatles, Cliff Richard和其他一些歌手录制的唱片。

　　2.D根据第二段第二句话可知，作者认为更重要的是知道目前应当做些什么。

　　3.C本文讨论的中心是自然保护的必要性。

　　Passage 3

　　本文以计算机的使用并未减少纸张的使用为例，说明即使科技高度发展，也不能忽视环保问题。

　　1.C根据本文最后一句话，环保专家们认为可以用其它材料来造纸，以减少对树木的砍伐。

　　2.D根据文中第三段最后一句话可知，这家公司开发新技术的原因是他们看到了市场的要求。

　　3.C本文讨论的重点是网络的使用和发展对环保的影响。

　　Passage 4

　　本文主要介绍了79岁的Amplatz博士退休后仍发明了很多治疗心脏疾病的器械，使不少病人避免了复杂的手术。

　　1. B从but一词可判断，Amplatz博士和上文提到的大部分人的情况不一样。

　　2. C从上文inventor一词可选出答案。

　　3. C从下文可知，Amplatz博士退休后就创立了AGA医药公司。

　　4. AAmplatz博士仍在从事发明创造。

　　5. DDr. David Hunter是另一个著名的科学家。

　　6. Afield此处是指学术领域。

　　7. C(be) full of 意为“充满了”，为固定搭配。

　　8. B根据下文判断，此处是指修复心脏缺陷，第13空后面对此题有直接提示，故选repair。

　　9. Bthe need常与for搭配。

　　10.Ddo some +动词的ing形式，指某种行为或动作，如do shopping等。

　　11.A根据文中最后一段可知，Amplatz博士作为发明者，他的发明都以他的名字命名。

　　12.Dreceive the operation“接受手术”。

　　13.C根据前后两句的关系来看，使用器械修复代替了开心手术。

　　14.A大部分病人在第二天就可以回家。

　　15.B这一段是举了一个例子。

　　16.A从下文可知，此处是指使心脏上的洞闭合。

　　17.Dturn 3 = reach the age of 3，意为“到3岁时”。

　　18.C指上文提及的Janna心脏上的洞。

　　19.DAmplatz博士所使用的器械修复相对于以前的手术来讲是一种改变。

　　20.BAmplatz博士使很多孩子免于开心手术。

　　1.At one time there were 1,300 different plants, trees and flowers in Holland. 在荷兰曾经有1300种不同种类的植物和花木。(Paragraph 1, Passage 2)

　　at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度。常见的“介词 + time”的搭配还有：

　　at times有时；偶尔；不时at a time 一次；同时

　　(at) any time 随时；无论何时at no time永不；在任何时候都不

　　at all times 一直；无论什么时候at the same time 同时；尽管如此

　　ahead of time 提前from time to time 时常；不时地

　　in a short time 很快地in no time 转眼工夫；立刻

　　2.Many people wanted to stop a new road from being built near Newbury. 许多人想要阻止在Newbury附近修建公路。(Paragraph 5, Passage 1)

　　动词的ing形式的被动式being done表示它的逻辑主语是ing形式表示的动作的承受者。

　　I can't stand being kept waiting. 我不堪久候。

　　Do you mind being left alone at home? 你一人被留在家里不介意吧？

　　While shopping, people sometimes can't help being persuaded into buying something they don't really need. 人们在买东西时，往往会情不自禁地被说服购买一些他们实际上并不需要的东西。

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