新浪首页 > 新浪教育 > 《黑马英语同步阅读》 > Unit 15 Study skills

Unit 15 Study skills
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/18 10:34  新浪教育

  语法分析

  语法分析的目的是掌握句子结构,从而更好地理解句子。如:

  Decisionthinking is not unlike poker — it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.

  本句中有6个think,尤其是“what you think they think you think”,令人眼花缭乱。但稍作语法分析,我们就可以看出“what you think they think you think”其实就是宾语从句中套宾语从句,也就不难看出其意思是“你以为别人认为你在想什么”。所以,只要我们确定了句子的语法组成部分以及各个部分在语法上的相互关系,就能正确地理解长句难句了。

  值得一提的是,语法分析也要结合上下文来进行,只要达到了理解的目的,我们就不必再作过细的分析了。

  Passage 1

  阅读理解…………………………………………………………………

  This year's examination results show that girls are doing better than boys at the age of 16. Twenty years ago, girls used to get better results in language and history and the boys used to get higher marks in maths and the sciences. Now girls are doing better in all subjects. There are many possible reasons why this has happened.①

  Amanda, 17, from Bristol says:

  “Girls dont just want to get married now. They want to be independent. If you want a good job you have to work hard at school.”

  Amanda's friend, Cathy, says:

  “It's more difficult for women to get good jobs. They have to be twice as good as men to get the same job.② We have to work hard!”

  Mrs Armitage, a chemistry teacher, comments:

  “Ten years ago students used to get marks only for the examination but now they get marks for their work during the year. I think girls are more hardworking in their study so they often get higher marks.”

  Mr Evans, a maths teacher, adds:

  “In my experience, girls are serious about doing their homework. Boys are usually more interested in computer games and football!”

  Ms Stephens, a head teacher, says:

  “The exams have changed too. We used to ask students to remember a lot of facts but now they have to think more and give their own ideas. In general, girls seem to be better at this than boys.”

  注释

  ………………………………

  ①There are many possible reasons why this has happened. 这种情况发生的原因可能有许多。

  ②They have to be twice as good as men to get the same job. 她们必须两倍于男人的努力才能得到相同的工作。

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1.This passage is mainly about ____ .

  A. the fact that girls are working harder at their study

  B. the reason why students are studying hard for their work

  C. a great change in the education field

  D. a report on why girls are better in their studies

  2.What are the boys nowadays usually better at than girls?

  A. Maths and sciences.

  B. Language and history.

  C. Computer games and football.

  D. Examinations and homework.

  3.Which of the following statements is TRUE to the facts?

  A. Cathy thinks girls have fewer chances to get good jobs.

  B. According to Mrs Armitage, boys are not studying for their future.

  C. According to Mr Evans, boys are not serious about their homework.

  D. Ms Stephens thinks girls are better at remembering facts than boys.

  Passage 2

  阅读理解…………………………………………………………………

  Lillian Hanson, a college student, hopes to graduate in about two years. What makes Mrs Hanson different from her classmates is her age — 73 years? She has been studying at college, a few courses at a time, for 27 years.①

  When Lillian Hanson graduated from high school, she went to the bank to borrow money for further education. The banker gave her no encouragement. He didnt think that a country girl should borrow money to go to college. So Lillian Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college.②Mrs Hanson never forgot her dream of getting a higher education. When her children

  grew up, she tried again.

  She finds it is the hardest part of going back to school at her age to be sitting in class for long periods of time. Because she is not as quick as she used to be. Mrs Hanson often gets up and walks around between classes to keep from getting painful. At the beginning of a course in using the computer, the other students all stood up to give her a warm welcome when she introduced herself and explained why she was there and what her purposes were.

  注释

  ………………………………

  ① She has been studying at college, a few courses at a time, for 27 years. 她花了27年的时间读大学,每次学几门课程。

  ② So Lillian Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college.所以莉莲·汉森没有上得成大学,而是回了家,供养着有九个孩子的一家人。

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

  A. An Unusual StudentB. A kindhearted Mother

  C. A Cruel BankerD. A Strange Woman

  2. In which order did Mrs Hanson do the following things?

  a. She had her 73rd birthday.

  b. She finished high school.

  c. She began her studies at college.

  d. She went to the bank to borrow money.

  e. She got married and gave birth to nine children

  A. e, c, b, a, dB. b, d, e, c, a

  C. e, d, b, c, aD. b, d, a, c, e

  3. The writer wrote the passage in order to show us that ____ .

  A. a friend in need is a friend indeed

  B. one is never too old to learn

  C. Lillian Hanson was a great mother

  D. Lillian Hanson realized the importance of education

  Passage 3

  阅读理解…………………………………………………………………

  Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader put questions, as it were①, to the text and gets answers. With these answers he puts further questions, and so on.

  For most of the time this “conversation” goes on below the level of consciousness (意识). At times, however, we become aware of (知道) it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch (配合不当) is occurring between expectations and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.

  Different people get along differently with the text. Some stay very close to the words on the page; others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining.② The former represents(阐述) a kind of comprehension, which is written in the text. The latter(后者) represents higher levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.

  There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that has something to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “process” (过程) conversation as opposed to (相对的) a “content” conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies (策略) we have in reading. If we are advanced readers our ability to hold a content conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed. Not so our ability to hold a process conversation. It is exactly this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.③

  注释

  ………………………………

  ①as it were 似乎;可以说是

  ②Some stay very close to the words on the page; others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. 有的读者拘泥于

  文章中的词汇;而有的采用丰富的想象力,避开这些词汇对内容进行翻译、评论、分析和审查。

  ③It is exactly this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level. 准确地说,当我们以较高的水平寻求方法来提高阅读、迎合摆在我们面前的要求时,这种对话就是很重要的。

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. Reading as a kind of conversation between the reader and the text bec

  omes conscious only when ____ .

  A. the reader's expectations agree with what is said in the text

  B. the reader has trouble understanding what the author says

  C. the reader asks questions and gets answers

  D. the reader understands a text very well

  2. At a lower level of comprehension, readers tend to(倾向) ____ .

  A. read a text slowly

  B. read without thinking hard

  C. interpret a text in their own way

  D. pay attention to the meaning of words only

  3. “Process” conversation has to do with ____ .

  A. the application of reading strategies

  B. matching our expectations with the meaning of a text

  C. the development of our ability to check the details

  D. determining the main idea of a text

  4. If we want to develop our reading ability at an advanced level, we should ____ .

  A. learn to use different ways in reading different texts

  B. make our reading process more conscious

  C. pay more attention to the content of a text

  D. take a critical(批判的) attitude towards the authors ideas

  Passage 4

  完形填空…………………………………………………………………

  Like most July days, it was hot. I stepped into a coffee shop to drink a cup of black coffee. It was a 1 store with little round tables and chairs.

  As I entered, I found a very old woman bent 2 a table near the door. Her back was so badly twisted (扭弯) by some sadness that her face nearly 3 the table surface. I sat down facing her two

  4 away.

  “Poor women,” I thought. “What does she get out of life?① Why does God let people live so 5 past their prime (鼎盛时期)?”

  As I thought, 6 aged lady entered the shop and sat down with her. Soon the two of them were talking about their 7. They talked of how little the shop had changed in 70 years... In minutes, the two of them were 8 with laughter.

  I looked again at the first 9, then in the mirror on a nearby wall, and 10 a picture of myself.

  I was wearing a dirty shirt. She was 11 dressed in white, gold rings on her fingers.

  I was in 12 spirits. She was laughing, smiling.

  I was putting the 13 of my life together. ② She had

  millions of wonderful 14 to recall (回忆).

  I sat alone. She was 15 the day with a good friend.

  I was 16 worried about getting old. She was old but it wasnt hurting her.

  As I left the shop, I 17 my foolish questions about God letting people live past their prime. Why that woman was more 18, more sensitive (敏感的) to life than I was? 19 has not bent her spirit. But I am always filling my mind with something 20.

  注释

  ………………………………

  ①What does she get out of life? 她从生活中能得到什么?

  ②I was putting the pieces of my life together. 我当时正经受着生活中的酸甜苦辣。

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. A. largeB. modernC. tinyD. new

  2. A. forwardB. onC. overD. toward

  3. A. struckB. reachedC. stuckD. touched

  4. A. feetB. shopsC. chairsD. tables

  5. A. hardB. longC. slowlyD. rapidly

  6. A. otherB. the very C. anotherD. a certain

  7. A. bright future B. recent historyC. present dayD. childhood day

  8. A. jumpingB. tremblingC. hearingD. talking

  9. A. cupB. tableC. womanD. door

  10. A. watchedB. tookC. enjoyedD. caught

  11. A. wellB. usuallyC. speciallyD. always

  12. A. highB. lowC. goodD. sad

  13. A. dreamsB. pagesC. piecesD. hopes

  14. A. affairsB. sufferingsC. eventsD. memories

  15. A. changingB. recallingC. sharingD. wasting

  16. A. certainlyB. completelyC. naturallyD. secretly

  17. A. laughed atB. thought ofC. gave upD. kept back

  18. A. aliveB. happyC. usefulD. weak

  19. A. WealthB. LifeC. TimeD. Age

  20. A. strangeB. newC. unpleasantD. joyful

  Passage 1

  本文分析了今年考试结果中16岁年龄段的女生成绩要好于男生的现象,并对此进行了解释。

  1.D选项A只概括了第一段内容,而第一段所述的现象仅为了引起下文的调查报告。

  2.C细节题。 见倒数第三段。

  3.A见文中Cathy所发表的看法。

  Passage 2

  本文讲述了Mrs Hanson克服了家庭、社会、年龄等困难实现了大学梦的“不寻常的”的经历。

  1. A文章的首段点明了主题。

  2. B文章是以“中学毕业→借钱无望→结婚生子→圆大学梦→73岁生日”这一线索展开的。

  3. BMrs Hanson的求学经历启示我们:活到老,学到老。

  Passage 3

  文章介绍阅读是读者与读物之间的对话,不同的人用不同的方法来处理阅读的内容。

  1. B仔细阅读第二段内容,可以得到答案。

  2. D把第三段第二、三两句内容进行分析可推断出答案。

  3. A根据第四段前半段内容的解释可以推断出此结果。

  4. A纵贯全文,尤其从文章最后一段可推断出答案。

  Passage 4

  文章描述了作者在咖啡馆邂逅两个老年妇女,把自己的命运与她们的作比较后发现,自己活得是那么的累。

  1.C小咖啡馆,后段有提示。

  2.Cbend over a table 老人由于驼背身体向桌面弯曲。

  3.D身子弯曲导致脸几乎碰到桌面。

  4.D距她两张桌子的距离。

  5.B生命如此漫长。

  6.C另一位上了年纪的女人走了进来。

  7.D老人喜欢怀旧,谈论孩时的话题。

  8.D根据上下文可知,她们在交谈,不时发出笑声。

  9.C重新审视第一位女士。

  10.Dcatch有“突然看到”的意味。

  11.Abe well dressed “穿着讲究”,从这里把“我”和这位老妇人开始对比。

  12.Bbe in low spirits “情绪低落”。

  13.Cpieces of life “各种生活碎片”,这里表示“我”的生活艰辛。

  14.D美好的回忆。

  15.C和朋友一起共度时光。

  16.D私下担心自己变老。

  17.B回想起刚才的问题,感到自责。

  18.Abe alive to 意为“敏感的;注意到的”。

  19.D年龄没有使她伤感。

  20.C作者自己老是想到不愉快的事。

  1. Mrs Hanson often gets up and walks around between classes to keep from getting painful. Hanson 夫人经常在课间站起来,到处走走,来消除疼痛。(Paragraph 4, Passage 2)

  keep doing sth. 保持做某事的状态。

  Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 对不起,我让你等了这么久。

  keep on doing sth. 继续进行某事。

  We kept on working in the fields in spite of the rain. 尽管下雨,我们还是坚持在地里劳动。

  keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(= prevent sb. from doing或stop sb. from doing)。

  Please keep the children from swimming in the sea. 请不要让孩子到海里游泳。

  2. The reader put questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. 可以说,读者提出疑问并从文中得到答案。(Paragraph 1, Passage 3)

  插入语as it were是虚拟语气结构,意思是“好像,可以说”。

  The book gives, as it were, a picture of the beauty of the West Lake. 可以说,这本书就是美丽西湖的一幅图景。

  英语中还有as it is (was) 结构,表示“事实上”或“照当时(现在)的样子”。

  As it is, we can hardly get to the station by 6 oclock. 看样子,我们六点前是很难赶到车站的。


评论



英语学习论坛】【 】【打印】【关闭
Annotation


新闻查询帮助

热 点 专 题
NBA中国赛打响
协处罚国安罢赛事件
北京新交法听证报告
考研大讲堂 报考指南
2004中华小姐环球大赛
京城劣质楼盘备忘录
调查:南方周末创富榜
安妮宝贝笔记连载
全国万家餐馆网友热评



教育频道意见反馈留言板 电话:010-62630930-5178 欢迎批评指正

新浪简介 | About Sina | 广告服务 | 联系我们 | 招聘信息 | 网站律师 | SINA English | 会员注册 | 产品答疑

Copyright © 1996 - 2004 SINA Inc. All Rights Reserved

版权所有 新浪网
北京市通信公司提供网络带宽