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Unit 24 Finding a job

http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/18 10:40 新浪教育

　　解题总则

　　(1)解题时，要先把文章的主旨吃透。近年高考题中针对整篇文章提问的试题有所增加，不先了解大意是很容易出错的。

　　(2)理解题基本上是根据文章布局排列的，即使个别题打乱了布局，但题干里总有提供信息的关键词将我们带入文章的具体部位。

　　(3)碰到难句长句时，最直接有效的方法就是对其进行句子结构分析，迅速把握整个句子的意思。对于生词，要仔细研读该词所在的上下文，力求在上下文中寻求突破。

　　(4)问题的四个选项或者是对文章中相关部分的正确解释，或者是歪曲原文，或者与原文毫不相干。我们要根据文章内容答题，不要把自己的观点强加给作者。

　　(5)在解题时，要特别注意新概念的出现。新概念指的是出现在选项中而文章中根本不存在的信息，这种选项肯定是错误的。

　　Passage 1

　　阅读理解…………………………………………………………………

　　One of the largest youth organizations in the world is the 4-H, an organization of clubs for young people from 9 to 19 years of age. The main purpose of 4-H is to provide young people with the practical skills and understanding they will need to become useful members of their communities. The four Hs stand for head, heart, hands, and health.

　　When 4-H clubs first began in America in the early 1900s, members were mostly young people from distant areas. The focus was on farm projects, such as raising pigs and growing and canning food.① Today over 75% of the club members come from towns, cities, and the countryside, and hundreds of projects exist, each adapts to (适应) its geographical area.

　　The 4-H program in America is a joint service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, state universities, and country governments. The funding (资金) is provided by business firms and private organizations. Members of the clubs are guided by adult leaders and their teenage assistants. In the clubs, 4Hers learn about and work on solving serious problems that face their communities, such as environmental protection and community safety.

　　In addition to the 4-H clubs in the U.S. states, more than eighty countries, have adapted the 4-H idea to fit their own needs.② In the less developed countries, many clubs offer courses in proper nutrition and in new farming technology.

　　注释

　　………………………………

　　①The focus was on farm projects, such as raising pigs and growing and canni

　　ng food. 学习的内容主要是一些农活，像养猪、种植作物以及将食物装罐等。

　　②In addition to the 4-H clubs in the U.S. states, more than eighty countries, have adapted the 4-H idea to fit their own needs. 除了美国各州的4H俱乐部外，大约有80个国家调整了4H的理念以适合他们自己的需要。

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1. What is the 4-H?

　　A. A fitness club.B. A development project.

　　C. An international firm.D. An educational program.

　　2. Where can the organization get the money they need?

　　A. Through the sale of farm products.

　　B. Through its membership fees.

　　C. Through business firms and private organizations.

　　D. Through international economic projects.

　　3.The 4-H members are mainly made up of ____ .

　　A. elementary and high school students

　　B. adults and teenagers

　　C. government and business leaders

　　D. young people from distant areas

　　Passage 2

　　阅读理解…………………………………………………………………

　　Are you a team person? Are you at your best as part of a small, tightly united group of devoted workers? If so, the future may hold more for you than you think.

　　High technology, some said, would make teamwork a thing of the past. That's happening in those areas of business and data processing (数据处理) where one person and a computer can replace a team of workers.

　　But elsewhere, teamwork is very much alive. High technology has led to a new type of teamwork in a number of fields, including advertising, scientific research, engineering design, and ocean exploration.

　　Through computer networking, scientists, engineers, and technicians at different places — often thousands of miles apart — can work on the same project at once. They can exchange ideas, try out different designs, and test their results.

　　Examples? An engineering team can now design and try out a robot system, a new manufacturing (制造) process, or an entire factory — before it is built. A medical team can simulate (模拟) a dangerous operation before performing it on a patient.

　　Of course, computerassisted team effort doesnt end with investigation (探究) and simulation. It now usually continues into actual design, manufacturing, and testing. “CADCAM, computeraided design and manufacture, is breaking down barriers (障碍) between traditional design and manufacturing functions,①” explains Dr. Prakash Rao, an engineering manager at General Electric. “Interdisciplinary (跨学科的) teams and engineers follow a product from concept (概念) to production. Everything is interconnected like a network.”

　　Sometimes, a computeraided effort can extend (延伸) beyond production.② A team that produces robots may use them to explore space and ocean depths. For hightechnology teamwork, the future seems limitless.

　　注释

　　………………………………

　　①CADCAM, computeraided design and manufacture, is breaking down barriers between traditional design and manufacturing functions.计算机辅助设计和制造，正在打破传统的设计与制造功能之间的障碍。

　　②Sometimes, a computeraided effort can extend beyond production. 有时，计算机辅助可以延伸至生产以外的领域。

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1. According to the passage, the writer believes that ____ .

　　A. teamwork will be completely replaced by computers

　　B. the future will have no limit to new types of teamwork

　　C. teamwork doesn't require the use of computers

　　D. the concept of teamwork is no longer the same as before

　　2. The underlined part “the future may hold more for you” (in Paragrap

　　h 1) most probably means “ ____ ”.

　　A. you will have a greater future

　　B. your future will be more interesting

　　C. you will gain more wealth

　　D. your future will be more uncertain

　　3. The author's attitude towards the introduction of the computer to teamwork is ____ .

　　A. doubtful B. uncertainC. supportiveD. None of the above.

　　Passage 3

　　阅读理解…………………………………………………………………

　　With the world becoming smaller, many young people make the decision to study in foreign universities. Anyone who can study abroad is fortunate; but, of course, it is not easy to make the transition (过渡) from one culture to another. Foreigners experience different degrees of culture shock,① which is the psychological shock of having to face new surroundings and a new culture that may be quite different from your own. Climate, food, people and their ways all will seem strange to you. Your English may not serve you as well as you expected. You may feel lonely. You may become nervous and homesick. Or you may have deep doubts about the decision about your coming to study in foreign universities. The following suggestions have been found to be helpful in fighting against culture shock.

　　(1) Keep busy. Get to know the area where you live. Say hello to a neighbor in your building, and perhaps start a friendship.

　　(2) Become friendly with classmates.

　　(3) Do something you enjoy. Phone your family and write a letter to a friend.

　　(4) Forget your English is less than perfect and feel free to ask people for information.

　　(5) Be flexible (易适应的). Laugh at the mistakes you make; they are usually not serious. Flexibility and a positive attitude are important in making the transition successful and a sense of humor is a big help.②

　　注释

　　………………………………

　　① Foreigners experience different degrees of culture shock... 外国人会经历不同程度的文化冲击……

　　② Flexibility and a positive attitude are important in making the transition successful and a sense of humor

　　is a big help. 良好的适应性和积极的态度非常重要，它们会帮助你成功地实现过渡。另外，幽默也会对此有很大帮助。

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1. According to the author, which statement is TRUE?

　　A. Phoning family and writing to friends will make international students even more homesick.

　　B. Culture shock affects all foreigners in the same way.

　　C. A sense of humor is helpful in combating culture shock.

　　D. Making friends with the native speakers is not necessary at all.

　　2. If a student is flexible in a foreign country, he will ____ .

　　A. take every mistake seriously

　　B. try to please every foreigner

　　C. deal with life with a negative attitude

　　D. laugh at the mistakes he makes

　　3. The main idea of the passage is that ____ .

　　A. culture shock can be overcome by getting to know your neighbor very well

　　B. many international students don't like foreign food

　　C. many international students are affected by culture shock, but it can be overcome

　　D. culture shock is a pleasant experience

　　Passage 4

　　完形填空…………………………………………………………………

　　It was the last day of the final examination in a famous university. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors① gathered, discussing the exam due to begin in a few 1. On their faces was confidence (信心). This was their last exam before graduation and 2.

　　Some talked of jobs they already had; others talked of jobs they 3 get. With the certainty of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take 4 of the world.

　　The coming exam, they knew, would be a(n) 5 task. The professor had said they could bring 6 book or note they wanted, requesting only that they not 7 each other during the test. 8 they came into the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. And smiles 9 on the students faces as they noticed there were only five essay questions.

　　Three hours passed before the professor began to collect the papers. The students no longer looked 10 . On their faces was an expression of uncertainty. Papers in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class.

　　He looked at the 11 faces before him, and then asked, “How many completed all the five questions?” Not a hand was 12 .

　　“How many answered four?” Still no hands.

　　“Three? Two?” The students moved restlessly in their seats.

　　“One, then? Certainly somebody finished one.” But the class 13 silent.

　　The professor put down the papers. “Thats exactly what I 14 ,” he said, “I just want to impress upon you that 15 you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the 16 you don't know.② These questions you couldn't answer are relatively 17 in everyday practice.” Then, smiling, he added, “You will all 18 this course, but remember — even though you are now college graduates, your real education has just 19.”

　　As time goes by, people are beginning to 20 the name of this professor, but not the lesson he taught.

　　注释

　　………………………………

　　①senior：美国大学的四年级学生。三年级学生为junior，二年级学生为sophomore,一年级学生为freshman。

　　②I just want to impress upon you that even though you have completed four years

　　of engineering, there are still many things about the subject you dont know.

　　我只希望你们能够牢记：尽管你们已经完成了四年的机械专业的学习，但就这个课题你们还

　　有很多不知道的东西。

　　根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

　　1. A. daysB. hoursC. minutesD. months

　　2. A. educationB. discussionC. interviewsD. jobs

　　3. A. used toB. had toC. mustD. would

　　4. A. controlB. holdC. chargeD. place

　　5. A. unusualB. easyC. hardD. necessary

　　6. A. all B. neitherC. anyD. no

　　7. A. look atB. listen toC. refer toD. talk with

　　8. A. NervouslyB. QuicklyC. Curiously D. Joyfully

　　9. A. appearedB. changedC. frozeD. stopped

　　10. A. excitedB. seriousC. confidentD. anxious

　　11. A. surprisedB. worriedC. movedD. pleased

　　12. A. put downB. risenC. taken onD. raised

　　13. A. remainedB. becameC. soundedD. turned

　　14. A. hatedB. enjoyedC. expectedD. wondered

　　15. A. now thatB. even thoughC. as thoughD. every time

　　16. A. projectB. examinationC. questionD. subject

　　17. A. difficultB. strangeC. commonD. valuable

　　18. A. failB. takeC. passD. start

　　19. A. completedB. succeededC. failedD. begun

　　20. A. rememberB. forgetC. recordD. remind

　　Passage 1

　　本文主要介绍了4H这个世界性组织的一些情况。

　　1. D从文章第一段中“The main purpose of 4H is to...” 一句可得出正确答案。

　　2. C由文章第三段第二句可知4H组织运行基金来自公司和私人组织的资助。

　　3. A由文章第一段“young people from 9 to 19 years of age”可知。

　　Passage 2

　　本文主要讲述了在高科技时代中新的团队合作的形式。

　　1. DA、B两个答案中都存在绝对判断，而C答案明显与文章内容不符。

　　2. A根据文章内容及常识可知，具有团队精神的人必有前途。

　　3. C从文章的最后一句可以看出作者的态度。

　　Passage 3

　　当一个人离开自己的文化而走进另外一种截然不同的文化中时，他很可能会受到“文化冲击”。本文主要介绍了外国学生应如何面对这种情况。

　　1. C根据文章最后一句可以判断。

　　2. D最后一段第二句已给出答案。

　　3. C文章主要介绍了外国学生会遇到文化冲击及解决办法。

　　Passage 4

　　本文主要讲述的是一批即将毕业的大学生参加毕业考试所经历的尴尬。通过考试，学生们懂得掌握了课本知识并不代表掌握了解决实际问题的能力。

　　1. C根据首句中“the last day of the final examination”可知。

　　2. D毕业后肯定是走向社会开始工作。

　　3. D应和上文“已有工作”呼应。

　　4. A雄心勃勃要管理世界。 take control 意为“控制；管理”。

　　5. B由下文可知，老师允许他们带任何书籍，所以他们认为考试很简单。

　　6. C所需要的任何书籍和笔记。

　　7. D根据常识可知，考试时不允许讨论。

　　8. D根据上文可知，学生在考试前感觉很轻松、很高兴。

　　9. A看到试卷上只有五道题，学生禁不住露出笑容。

　　10. C与上文中的“On their faces was confidence.”相呼应。

　　11. B答不出问题，学生当然会感到担忧了。

　　12. Draise ones hand意为“举手”。

　　13. A再问还是没人举手。remain意为“仍是”。

　　14. C教授早就预料到这样的结果。

　　15. B即使学生已完成了大学四年的学业，但仍有许多未知的东西。

　　16. Dsubject“课题；学科”。

　　17. C生活中的常见问题。

　　18. C根据下文的but分句来看，肯定会让学生通过这次考试。

　　19. D虽即将毕业，但真正的学习才刚刚开始。

　　20. B后文“but not the lesson he taught”与此相对。

　　1. Sometimes, a computeraided effort can extend beyond production. 有时，计算机辅助可以延伸至生产以外的领域。(Paragraph 7,Passage 2)

　　介词beyond有“超过，超出”的意思，搭配能力比较强。

　　Don't stay there beyond midnight. 不要过了午夜还留在那儿。

　　The fruit is beyond my reach. 那个果子我够不着。

　　He has gone far beyond me in learning. 他的学问已大大地超过了我。

　　These children were beyond control. 这些孩子无法管教。

　　Good advice is beyond price. 忠言是无价的。

　　2. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors gathered, discussing the exam due to begin in a few minutes.在教学楼前的台阶上，一群工程系大四班的学生正聚在一起讨论着几分钟后即将开始的考试。(Paragraph 1, Passage 4)

　　形容词due意思比较多，常见的用法如下：

　　(1) 应付的；应给的。

　　The bill is due on June 1. 这张单据6月1日到期。

　　This is the due reward for your service. 这是你应得的酬劳。

　　(2)预期的；预定做的。

　　When is the train due at Shanghai? 火车该什么时候到上海?

　　He is due to start this evening. 他预定今晚出发。

　　(3)与介词to搭配，意为“归因于，由于”。

　　The accident is due to your careless driving. 这次事故归因于你驾驶不小心。

　　The game was postponed due to rain. 比赛因下雨而延期。

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