土豪们蛮拼的：看看中国购房团的世界足迹(2)
Southeast Asia is a favorite location due to its proximity to China and the strong presence of ethnic Chinese communities. From 2008 to June 2014, Chinese mainland investors spent a total of $5.3b on real estate in Singapore and Malaysia. In Singapore, these investors prefer to invest in offices. However, in Malaysia, land development is the preferred vehicle。
由于靠近中国且拥有庞大的华人社区，东南亚也获得了投资者青睐。2008年至2014年6月，中国大陆投资者在新加坡和马来西亚投资的房地产总额达53亿美元。他们在新加坡偏好购买写字楼，在马来西亚则优先选择土地开发。
Four key reasons may have driven this burgeoning outbound investment in real estate: rising renminbi, cooling domestic property markets, more wealthy individuals and domestic and foreign policy changes。
中国大陆房地产对外投资兴盛的原因，或可归纳为四个关键点：国内房产市场降温、"有钱人"增多、人民币升值和国内外政策推动。
[国内房产市场降温]
In recent years, the Chinese mainland’s government has taken action to cool an overheated residential market. An array of policies, from tightened bank lending to home purchase restrictions, have succeeded in reigning in soaring residential prices. In general, the industry appears to be entering a consolidation period. The slowdown seems to have created a perception that some overseas real estate markets may offer more growth potential than many domestic cities。
近年来，中国大陆政府采取一系列行动为过热的住宅房地产市场降温。从收紧银行贷款到购房限制的一系列政策已成功遏制飙升的住宅房价。整体而言，中国大陆的房地产行业似乎进入了调整期。此轮调整可能使投资者认为：一些海外房地产市场可能具有比许多国内城市更大的增长潜力。
[’有钱人’增多]
Decades of breakneck growth, which have transformed the Chinese mainland into the world’s 2nd-largest economy, have generated a staggering amount of wealth. The Chinese mainland has 242 billionaires in 2014, according to Forbes ranking, released in late October, while the Boston Consulting Group has counted over 2m millionaires (as of 2013). These high-net-worth individuals are increasingly looking overseas for places to park their assets。
几十年的高速增长使中国大陆成为世界第二大经济体，产生了大量财富。根据10月末发布的福布斯富豪榜，中国大陆今年有242位亿万富翁，而据波士顿咨询集团统计，中国大陆有超过200多万名百万富翁(数据截至2013年)。这些高净值人士越来越多地将目光投向海外以寻求资产安置地。
Big Chinese developers such as Vanke and Greenland are ramping up construction of residential projects in areas from the US to South Korea and Malaysia to meet the needs of wealthy people on the Chinese mainland looking to emigrate, educate their children at prestigious overseas institutions, or simply buy a second home overseas. A September 2014 survey by Barclays found that almost half of high-net-worth Chinese mainlanders were considering relocating to a more-developed country within the next five years。
万科、绿地等中国大型开发商正在包括美国、韩国和马来西亚在内的海外市场大举开展住宅项目建设，以满足中国大陆的富人在移民[微博]、子女教育或海外置业方面的需求。巴克莱银行2014年9月的调查显示，近一半的高净值中国大陆人士正考虑在未来5年内移居到更发达的国家。
[人民币升值&欧美经济复苏]
The appreciation of the Chinese mainland’s currency, the renminbi, in recent years has boosted the buying power of domestic investors, driving more Outbound Direct Investment (ODI) into real estate in these Western markets. The renminbi has gained roughly 25% in value against the US dollar since May 2005, when the Chinese mainland ended the currency’s fixed peg to the dollar. This long-term appreciation of the currency makes overseas properties cheaper for Chinese mainland’s buyers, and hence more attractive。
近年来人民币的升值提升了中国大陆投资者的购买力，使得更多对外直接投资进入西方房地产市场。自2005年7月中国大陆结束人民币紧盯美元的固定汇率体制以来，人民币相对美元大约升值了25%。这种长期的升值使得海外物业对中国大陆买家而言更为便宜，因此也更具吸引力。
Developed countries appear to be recovering from the financial crisis. This will improve the demand for all classes of commercial real estate. The result will raise rents across most markets. Chinese mainland’s investors have noticed this potential upward trend。
金融危机后，发达国家经济出现复苏迹象，对各类商业地产的需求也在增加，进而带动大部分房地产市场租金上升。中国大陆的投资者已经注意到这种潜在上涨趋势。
[国内外政策推动]
Favorable policies domestic and abroad have helped ease the flow of capital to overseas markets。
国内外的优惠政策也在推动国内资本流入海外市场。
The Chinese mainland is relaxing barriers to capital outflows. Outbound investment, like FDI, is an economic policy objective of the mainland. Beijing’s "Go Global" policy, reinforced by the economy’s 12th Five-Year Plan for 2011-15, calls for domestic companies to invest overseas。
中国大陆放宽了对资本外流的限制。对外投资和流入中国的外商直接投资一样，是中国大陆的一个经济政策目标。第12个五年规划(2011-2015)进一步强调了政府提出的"走出去"战略，呼吁国内企业到海外投资。
At the same time, burdened with massive debt and economic uncertainty, many developed countries are now actively courting investment from abroad to help drive economic growth. In recent years, the US, Britain, Australia and some other countries have launched favored policies to promote investment in their countries from the Chinese mainland。
与此同时，许多发达国家由于背负巨额债务，经济面临不确定性，正在积极寻求海外投资以拉动经济增长。近年来，美国、英国和澳大利亚等国纷纷推出鼓励中国大陆投资这些国家的利好政策。
